Ancient Greek blind poet, editor of famous epics Iliad and Odyssey, whose epic works are the main legacy of the Greeks from barbarism to civilization.
2. Dante (1256— 132 1)
Italian poet. Born into a declining aristocratic family. The masterpiece is Divine Comedy, which widely reflects the social life and struggle of Italy in the late Middle Ages. It embodies the great achievements of theology, philosophy and scientific thought in the century, the dispute between the old and the new, and the sprout of humanism, but it has a strong religious color in the Middle Ages and shows the ideological contradiction of the poet in the period of the alternation between the old and the new. His works had a great influence on European literature after the 20th century.
3. Goethe (1749 ——1832)
German poet and playwright. Love natural science and art since childhood. Youth is the backbone of crazy sprint. Thanks to his efforts, he left immortal works for German literature. His masterpiece Faust is an immortal work that he spent 60 years creating.
4. Byron (1788— 1824)
English poet. Born in a ruined aristocratic family in London, he opposed tyranny and oppression, supported the democratic ideas of the people's revolution, and strived for the ideals of democracy, freedom and national liberation all his life and worked hard to create. His works are of great historical significance and artistic value. His major works include The Pagan and Harold's Travels.
5. Shakespeare (1564— 16 16)
Great English playwrights and poets in the Renaissance. Born in a businessman's family, I loved drama since I was a child. He wrote many works in his life, including 37 plays, two long poems and 154 poems, with a total of 14 lines. His major works include: historical plays Charles III, Henry IV, A Midsummer Night's Dream, Twelfth Night, etc. Long poems include Venas and Antuoni and The Shame of Lucretius. These works show that European bourgeois humanism is the most full and artistic, and they are the pinnacle of European Renaissance literature. Marx praised him as "the greatest dramatic genius of mankind".
6. Hugo (1802 ——1885)
/kloc-a great French novelist and famous poet in the 0 th and 9 th centuries. Born into an officer's family. He wrote a lot of poems, novels, plays and literary theory works in his life. His masterpieces include Notre Dame de Paris and Les Miserables. With superb skills, broad life pictures and rich contents, his works expose and strongly condemn the evils of autocratic system and reactionary church, and express sympathy for the tragic experiences of the lower classes. It profoundly reflects the major events and social reality in French social and political life in the19th century. His works had a great influence on later writers.
7. Tagore (1861—1941)
Indian poet, novelist, playwright, essayist and social activist. Born into a landlord family. He wrote more than 50 poems, 12 novels, 100 short stories and more than 20 plays in his life. His main works include poetry anthology Jing Ge, Morning Song, Gitanjaly, Birds, Gardener and so on. There are literature, philosophy, politics, travel notes, letters and so on. He is also good at composing music and painting. His song "The Will of the People" was designated as the national anthem of India in 1950, and Tagore's creation occupies an important position in the history of Indian literature. 19 13 to obtain Nobel Prize in Literature.
8. Leo Tolstoy (1828 ——1910)
/kloc-the greatest Russian writer in the 0/9th century. Born into a noble family, 1840 entered Kazan University and was influenced by Rousseau, Montesquieu and other enlightenment thinkers. 1851-1854 served in the Caucasian army and began to write. 1854 ——1855 participated in the Crimean war. Years of military life not only made him see the corruption of the upper class, but also laid the foundation for him to describe the war scene realistically in his masterpiece War and Peace.
1855 1 1 entered the literary world of Petersburg. His famous novel Childhood (1855) reflects his critical attitude towards aristocratic life, his advocacy of "moral cultivation" and his good at psychoanalysis. From the novella Morning of a Landlord (1856), we can see that he advocated top-down reform from the standpoint of liberal aristocrats and failed in his own manor experiment. Tolstoy tried to live a simple civilian life in his later years. 19 10 ran away from home in June, 165438 10 died at the station on October 7 at the age of 82. A generation of literary masters have completed their life journey.
9. Gorky (1868— 1936)
Great proletarian writer, founder of Soviet socialist revolutionary literature. Born in a carpenter's family, he wrote many works in his life. Mother, the representative work, profoundly reflects the Russian proletarian revolutionary movement and successfully shapes the images of a group of proletarian vanguard fighters. This is the first immortal masterpiece describing the proletarian revolutionary struggle in the history of world literature. Lenin once spoke highly of Mother, calling it "a very timely book". Gorky's works are the wealth of the proletariat all over the world and have brought great benefits to the world workers' movement. "
10, Lu Xun (1881-1936)
Formerly known as Zhou Shuren, a native of Shaoxing, Zhejiang, he was a great writer, thinker and revolutionary, and one of the founders of modern literature in China. Born in a declining feudal family. I studied in Japan, returned to China on 1909, and taught in Hangzhou and other places. After the Revolution of 1911, he worked in Nanjing, Beijing Ministry of Education and Peking University. 19 18 In May, Diary of a Madman was published, which lashed out at the feudal system and laid the cornerstone of the new literature movement. 19 18- 1926, and has written short stories such as Scream and Hesitation. 1927-1935 wrote a lot of essays under the guidance of Marxism. 1936 10 June 19, died in Shanghai.