"Spring Hope in Hangzhou" is a seven-rhyme poem written by Bai Juyi, a poet of the Tang Dynasty. This poem gives a comprehensive description of the spring scenery of Hangzhou, melting the most distinctive spring scenery of Hangzhou into one poem, just like using five-color pens to draw a beautiful and elegant picture, overflowing with rich and lively spirit. Interesting life. The whole poem has eight sentences, the first six sentences are one scene, and the last two sentences are one scene. The seven scenery are connected together by the word "wang" to form a complete picture.
"Spring Outlook in Hangzhou"
Author: Bai Juyi
The Wanghai Tower shines brightly in the morning glow, and the embankments protecting the river are white on the clear sand.
The sound of waves sounds at the enlisted member's temple at night, and the willow color spring hides in Su Xiaojia's house.
The red sleeves and weaving damask praise the persimmon stems, and the green flag sells wine while the pear blossoms are blooming.
Who opens the southwest road of Husi? The grass is green and the waist of the skirt is sloping.
⑴ Wanghai Tower: The author's original note says: "The east tower of the city is famous as Wanghai Tower."
⑵ Embankment: That is the White Sand Embankment.
⑶ Wu Yuan: Wu Zixu, a native of Chu in the Spring and Autumn Period. His father and brother were both killed by King Ping of Chu. Wu Yuan fled to the State of Wu and assisted King Helu of Wu to defeat the State of Chu. He also assisted King Fu Chai of Wu to defeat the State of Yue. Later, he was slandered and killed by Fu Chai. According to folklore, after the death of Wu Yuan, he was named the God of Tao. The tide of Qiantang River was caused by his anger, so he was called "Zixu Tao". A temple has been built in the past dynasties to commemorate it, called Wu Gong Temple. Xushan, where the temple is built, is also called "Wugong Mountain".
⑷Su Xiao: Su Xiaoxiao, a famous prostitute in Qiantang in the Southern Dynasties. There used to be Su Xiaoxiao's tomb beside Lengqiao in West Lake.
⑸Red sleeves: Refers to the woven damask girl. Persimmon stem: "Persimmon stems are produced in Hangzhou, and the flowers are especially beautiful." Volume 18 of "Mengliang Lu" written by Wu Zimu in the Southern Song Dynasty said: "The native damasks in Hangzhou are called persimmon stems and dog feet...all have distinctive patterns and woven colors. Not the same."
⑹Green flag: refers to the wine flag in front of the wine shop. Buy wine: buy wine. Lihua: the name of the wine. The author's original note says: "It is customary to make wine when the pear blossoms are ripe, and it is called 'Pear Blossom Spring'." These two sentences describe the customs and specialties of Hangzhou: boasting the beautiful colors of the native damask "persimmon stem" produced in Hangzhou, people rush to catch the pear blossoms when they are in bloom. Drink pear blossom spring wine.
⑺Skirt waist: a metaphor for a long and narrow road.
The first sentence is about climbing a building and looking at the magnificent scenery of the sea and sky, which has the potential to envelop the entire article. The author's original note says: "The east tower of the city is famous as Wanghai Tower." In "Taiping Huanyu", Wanghai Tower is called tide-watching tower and is ten feet high. The second sentence "River Protection Embankment" refers to the long embankment built on the bank of Qiantang River in southeast Hangzhou to protect against sea tides. Climb the Wanghai Tower in the early morning and look far into the distance. The rising sun is rising in the east, with thousands of rays of light. The water of the Qiantang River rushes into the sea, and the long embankment protecting the river shines with silver light. This couplet describes the southeast scenery outside the city in an extremely majestic and magnificent way.
The poet in the second couplet turned his attention to the city. There is the "Wu Yuan Temple" on Wu Mountain (also known as Xu Mountain) in Hangzhou City. Wu Yuan, named Zixu, was a native of the Chu state in the Spring and Autumn Period. Because his father and brother were killed by King Ping of Chu, he fled to the state of Wu and helped the state of Wu defeat the state of Chu and the state of Yue. Later, he was killed because he persuaded King Wu Fu Chai to reject Yue's peace proposal and stop attacking Qi. According to folklore, he turned the water into a tidal wave after his death because he resented the King of Wu, so the tide of the Qiantang River was also called "Zixu Tao". The whole poem is about looking at the scene during the day. "Entering at night" is a word of imagination. It means seeing the Qiantang River and Wuyuan Temple in front of you, and thinking of the sound of waves coming into the temple when everything is silent at night, especially Clear. "Su Xiao" refers to Su Xiaoxiao, a famous prostitute in Qiantang during the Southern Qi Dynasty. "Su Xiaojia" refers to the Qin Tower and Chu Hall where singing girls and dancers live. The word "spring" written directly on the title of this sentence points out the season, and the prosperous scene of Hangzhou is described with singing towers and dancing pavilions. It should be noted that the willow in the sentence is not the willow in front of the door and behind the house, but the willow in the courtyard that can be seen from a distance. "Tang and Song Shichun" commented on these two sentences: "The characters 'Ru' and 'Zang' are very descriptive of the scenery in sight." Both sentences quote allusions to describe the scenery, which not only shows the scenery in front of you, but also reminds people of Wu Yuan The heroism of the poem refers to the prosperity of Hangzhou in the past. The first sentence is majestic and the second sentence is charming and poetic.
The first two couplets mainly describe natural scenery, while the next couplet shifts the focus to scenery and people. "Red sleeves" refers to women who weave damask. "Shidi" refers to the pattern of silk. The author's original note goes: "Hangzhou is especially famous for its persimmon flowers." "Wine flag" refers to the wine flag, which refers to the hotel. "Pear Blossom" is a pun. Author's original note: "It is customary to make wine while the pear blossoms are ripe, and it is called 'Lihua Spring'." "Taking advantage of the pear blossoms" means drinking pear blossom spring wine just in time for the pear blossoms to bloom. One sentence of this couplet is about tourists buying and drinking, and the other sentence is about women weaving damask. Pear blossoms are fluttering, wine flags are waving; red sleeves are fluttering, and the silk patterns are beautiful. The richness of poetry and the beauty of colors make it fascinating to read.
The last couplet moves the gaze to the distance again, writing about the West Lake that best represents the beauty of Hangzhou’s landscape, which brings together the feeling of spring. "Lake Temple" refers to Gushan Temple; "Southwest Road" refers to the long embankment that leads from the broken bridge to the southwest from the lake to Gushan, that is, Baisha Embankment, or Baidi for short. The author's original note says: "The road to Gushan Temple is in the middle of the lake. When the grass is green, it looks like the waist of a skirt." This wonderful metaphor of "skirt waist" not only describes the charming scenery of the white embankment with smoke, willows and green onions in spring, but also the charming scenery of the dew grass. Moreover, the scene overlooking the West Lake from a distance is very realistic and vivid. At the same time, writing about the waist of the skirt naturally reminds people of the skirt, just like seeing the colorful skirt flowing elegantly like the water light waves on the lake; the skirt naturally reminds people of the Isn’t the charming and beautiful West Lake the embodiment of a beautiful girl? Su Shi's poem "Drinking the First Sunny and Later Rain on the Lake" of the Song Dynasty goes: "If you want to compare the West Lake to the West, it is always better to put on light makeup and heavy makeup." Although it is not certain that it is derived from these two poems by Bai Juyi, the concept of the two is Consistent.
This poem melts the most distinctive spring scenery in Hangzhou into one poem, just like using five colored pens to draw a "Hangzhou Spring View". The main colors of the painting are spring willows, spring grasses, spring trees, and the emerald green of rivers and lakes, with pear blossoms, red skirts, colorful silk ribbons, and wine flags as embellishments. The morning sun shines through, making the spring scenery of Hangzhou extremely beautiful and exuding. A strong sense of spring. In terms of writing method, the poem is written from the southeast outside the city, to the inside of the city, and then to the West Lake. It combines far and near, well-proportioned and orderly. At the same time, he combines describing scenery with chanting ancient times, taking pictures of natural scenery and recording scenery and people, making the scenery more colorful and poetic, and filled with the poet's irrepressible admiration.