Appreciation:
The "Xuan Zhenzi" in the title is Zhang Zhihe, a poet of the Tang Dynasty. According to Tang Yan Zhenqing's "Inscription on the Stele of Mr. Xuan Zhenzi Zhang Zhihe, Mr. Langji": "He offered advice to Suzong and was deeply rewarded. He ordered the Imperial Academy to wait for the imperial edict, and granted him Zuo Jinwu to record affairs and join the army. He changed his name to Zhihe, with the courtesy name Zitong. When Xunfu was demoted to Nanpu, After being unwilling to move, he was able to return to his roots, and since his family was mourned, he no longer had any official feelings. So he went fishing in a boat, chased the Sanjiang River and Panyu Lake, and called himself a fisherman in Yanbo. "Zhenzi", later generations called Zhang Zhihe as Xuan Zhenzi. "Xuanzhenzi Picture" is the portrait of Zhang Zhihe. Zhang Zhihe once wrote five poems called "The Fisherman", among which the one "Egrets Flying in Front of Xisai Mountain" is the most eye-catching. Since the Song Dynasty, many people have written lyrics based on this theme, and Huang Tingjian's lyrics are the earliest to directly mention the portrait of Xuan Zhenzi. He said in the preface to "Partridge Sky": "During the reign of Emperor Xianzong, he painted a portrait of Xuan Zhenzi, but it was not available when he visited the rivers and lakes, so he was ordered to collect his poems." However, Huang Tingjian's poems were supplemented by sentences from Zhang Zhihe's "The Fisherman" , no new interest. The artistic conception of Zhang Yuanqian's poem is novel and unique, and it depicts the image of a fisherman who does not seek fame or wealth, but wanders around the mountains and rivers without cliché, giving people an enjoyment of artistic beauty. The first part of the poem mainly describes the scenery, and the scenery enters the emotion. The second part focuses on the lyricism, integrating the emotion into the scenery. The first sentence outlines a beautiful picture of distant mountains surrounding the Spring River, smoke everywhere, and a fisherman fishing alone. The poem "Green Coop" "Zhao Tou", Volume 39 of Hu Zai of the Southern Song Dynasty's "Collection of Tiaoxi Yuyincong Hua": "Zhang Zhongzong wrote the poem "Yu Jia Ao". I was in Qiantang last year and traveled with Zhongzong for a long time. Zhongzong wrote this poem in his hand Xiangshuo, Yun Jiu did it... I said in Zhongzong's day, although the prong head is the name of the ship, now it is lined with rain, and the language is obscure and sick, because it was changed to "green coop drizzle", Zhongzong laughed and thought so." The two sentences "White Birds Flying" vividly describe the endless fun of fishermen's life. In the drizzle, a group of egrets flew from a distance. The drizzle drifted into the boat with the wind, while the fishermen sitting steadily on the boat The fisherman slowly gathered the silk thread on the fishing rod, and with a sudden lift, a big and lively fish was caught. The fisherman and the woodcutter standing next to him clapped their hands and laughed happily. If Zhang Zhihe's poem "The Fisherman" is a picture of fishing in the slanting wind and drizzle, expressing the author's euphoric mood immersed in the natural beauty of the spring scenery in the south of the Yangtze River, then Zhang Yuanqian's poem is a picture of movement in silence. , it is like hearing the noisy sound without seeing where it comes from. It is an audio painting of fishing in a misty spring river in drizzle. It expresses the poet's love for the poetic Jiangnan scenery and his passionate yearning for the free fishermen's life. "Yu Tong" and "Qiao Qing" are both Zhang Zhihe's slaves. The "Inscription on Zhang Zhihe's Stele" says: "Su Zong once granted a slave and a maidservant, and Xuanzhen was paired as husband and wife. The husband was called Yutong, and his wife was called Qiaoqing. When people asked why, he said: "The fisherman is used to hold fishing and collect harvests. In the middle of the drum, Su Lan, the woodcutter, cooks osmanthus and cooks tea in the bamboo." The two lines of "Mingyue" in the second part are written about the life of a fisherman who made his home in a boat. The bright moonlight reflects on the boat, and the state changes from movement to stillness. It is quiet and distant, which reflects the author's unwillingness to go with the world. The whole world is drunk and I am alone. "Fujiafanzhai" refers to boat residence. "New Book of Tang·Biography of Zhang Zhihe" says: "Yan Zhenqing was the governor of Huzhou, and Zhihe came to visit him. Zhenqing found that his boat was broken, so he asked him to replace it. Zhihe said: 'I would like to live in the Fu family's house, and go back and forth.'" This further reveals the author's arrogant and noble character who is content with living in a boat. The three lines of "Drunk Eyes" directly express the poet's detached and broad-minded feelings of not envying fame and wealth, and freeing himself from worldly worries. "Idle worry" refers to a worry that does not need to be taken seriously. Shen Ying of the Southern Song Dynasty's "Shui Tiao Ge Tou": "It's a waste of time and trouble, don't worry about what is not leisure, it's very ancient and modern." This is used to express the poet's life-long wanderings in the rivers and lakes, and the use of "Yanbo Lao The three words "" not only express the author's deep intention of disdain for the prosperous scene of "city bustle", but also are the author's foothold to forget all worldly worries. The poem ends with emotion, which is true and natural, echoing the fishing scene at the beginning of the sentence, forming an artistic conception of a blend of scenes. Volume 2 of "Helin Jade Dew" by Luo Dajing of the Southern Song Dynasty said that the meaning of this word is "especially elegant." Zhongzong was crowned when he was over forty. Later, he was demoted to Xinzhou for writing lyrics to send Hu Dan'an (quan) to Xinzhou. He disobeyed Qin Hui and also offended. Its symbol is like this, It is appropriate for him to be able to understand Xuan Zhenzi's thoughts." Ming Dynasty Shen Jifei's "Yu Zheng Collection of Thatched Cottage Poems" agrees with this statement, and believes that the semantic meaning is particularly "free and clear." It can be seen that the success of the artistic conception of this poem does not lie in the similarity of external appearance, but in the congeniality of internal temperament. In other words, the poem can not only express Zhang Zhihe's thoughts on fishing, but also express his true psychological feelings. Therefore, it has a free and elegant sentiment, which is rich in meaning and thought-provoking when read carefully.