Li Shangyin's poems are about images 1. On the images of lights and candles in Li Shangyin's poems.
"Lamp and candle" is one of Li Shangyin's favorite images, which he wrote many times in his poems. Before him.
In poetry, lights and candles have many symbolic meanings. Sometimes it is the warmth of love, and sometimes it is the desire for friendship; have
Sometimes it is a helpless whisper, and sometimes it is a lost loneliness; Sometimes it is a bright road sign of longing, and sometimes it is a wandering eye.
Batter. In the couplets, "Spring wine warms me while it warms me. I'll show you how to gamble. Fencao shoots Shinohara's wax lamp red" and "wax lamp red" is brightly colored.
Feeling, like the "spring wine warming up" mentioned above, is actually a symbol of the poet's love psychology. Imagine,
On that spring night, many people got together to drink, sing and laugh. exist
Among them, only one woman is related to the poet. As the night deepens, the wax lamp becomes more and more red, and this kind of light,
So warm and sweet, isn't it the comfort of such a bosom friend in the poet's heart? candle
It seems to be a fixed image used by poets to symbolize love. "Tears dry in the dying years" is sung through the ages.
Isn't that the poet's persistent pursuit of love? "Never-ending, even this bright flame of love will only be ashes? ."
It is the extreme of this symbol again. In "When * * * cuts the candle at the west window, but talks about the rain at night", the lamp candle is again
It symbolizes friendship. The poet is far away in the southern shogunate, missing his friends in the north, and he can't meet each other because of the long journey. poet
Wave away, don't write your own lovesickness, think about the future: under the west window, in the candlelight, I face you face to face.
At that time, I will tell you my lovesickness. The candlelight here is actually the reappearance of the poet's inner image and friendship image.
Sign. When the poet is disappointed and sparse, the lamp becomes a symbol of silence and breadth. In "there are two red mansions facing the cold, hidden rain, pearls and foils floating."
In the couplet "Lights Alone", the poet visited his old lover but didn't meet him. He returned disappointed, and the lamp was a symbol of his loneliness.
This is also the true expression of his loss.
2. The image of Li Shangyin's love poems
Li Shangyin was a serious poet in the middle and late Tang Dynasty. Some of his "untitled" poems seem to be about love, but in fact they are far from Qu Yuan's "Songs of the South" to express his talents. In these aspects, Sheng's Notes on Yuxi Poems have been discussed. I want to talk about the lofty thought and aesthetic value of his love poems from another angle, that is, the historical and cultural background of the poet's life and his reliable love and marriage experience.
The understanding of Li Shangyin's untitled poems has always been controversial. One thinks that his poems have the meaning of "sustenance". The reason is that the poet was involved in the whirlpool of "Niu Li" party struggle at that time. It was a poem written for Ling, the son of Si Hu Chu, to show loyalty and hope to be quoted. Another person thinks this is a real love poem. Because from the literal meaning of this poem, it is obviously describing the sadness of love, and only in this way can we know it, and the poems "It was a long time before I met her, but it has been longer since we separated" and "The silkworms in spring will weave until they die, and the candles will drain the wick every night" can become famous sentences that will be read down through the ages; If you call them political poems, these sentences are simply worthless.
In my opinion, most of Li Shangyin's untitled poems are excellent love poems, with or without sustenance. Moreover, with or without sustenance, these untitled poems have a touching and hazy beauty.
From the aesthetic point of view, these two poems, Meet Hate Late and Scent of Phoenix Tail, should be regarded as successful love poems at first, because the images they created are complete, plump and beautiful. Even if it is read completely as a love poem, its artistic value will never decrease.
In a word, all kinds of beautiful and strange images in this poem are not narrative or simple lyric, but looking for a direct materialized form for their spiritual world. That is, "expressing the sharpness of the soul with virtual things" is the artistic feature of Li Shangyin's love poems.
Li Shangyin's love poems don't express feelings directly, but through imagination and allusions, they turn the real situation into a confusing and vague image, and bury the depressed and painful feelings in the realm of poetry, thus making the works have the charm of the singer's sigh.
3. On the images of lights and candles in Li Shangyin's poems.
"Lamp and candle" is one of Li Shangyin's favorite images, which he wrote many times in his poems.
In his poems, lights and candles have many symbolic meanings. Sometimes it is the warmth of love, and sometimes it is the desire for friendship; Sometimes it is a helpless whisper, and sometimes it is a lost loneliness; Sometimes it is a bright road sign of longing, and sometimes it is a witness of wandering.
The couplets "Warm me with spring wine, while reminding you how to gamble, Cao Fen shoots Xiao Wax Lantern Red", and "Wax Lantern Red" is brightly colored, which feels the same as the previous "Spring Wine Warm", but it is actually a symbol of the poet's love psychology. Imagine that on that spring night, many people get together to "pat" drinking, singing and laughing.
Among them, only one woman is related to the poet. As the night deepens, the wax lamp becomes redder and brighter. This light, so warm and sweet, is not the poet's comfort because he has such a bosom friend in his heart? Candles seem to be a fixed image used by poets to symbolize love.
Isn't "the candle turns to ashes and the tears begin to dry" the poet's persistent pursuit of love? "Never stop, even this bright flame of love will only have ashes?" It is the acme of this symbol. In "When * * * cuts the candle at the west window, but talks about the rain at night", the lamp and candle symbolize friendship.
The poet is far away in the southern shogunate, missing his friends in the north, and he can't meet each other because of the long journey. Poets bid farewell, not to write their own lovesickness, but to think about the future: under the west window, in the candlelight, I will face you face to face and tell my lovesickness again.
The candlelight here is actually a representation of the poet's spiritual image and a symbol of friendship. When the poet is disappointed and sparse, the lamp becomes a symbol of silence and breadth.
In the couplet "Two red mansions are cold in front, covered by rain, and a pearl screen lamp shakes my lonely heart to go home", the poet visited his old lover, but he didn't see him and returned disappointed. The lamp is not only a symbol of his loneliness, but also a true representation of his loss.
4. What are the images in Li Shangyin's poem Dedication?
Give on behalf of ...
Upstairs, I want to rest at dusk, and the jade ladder is like a hook.
Banana hearts don't show lilac's frustration, but they are also sad about the spring breeze.
This is a poem about a woman who misses her lover. The woman in the poem is above. At dusk, she misses her lover because of all kinds of boredom. The more I think about him, the more I long to see him. I can't wait for him to appear in front of the building at once. Unable to bear her anxiety, she went to the front of the building and tried to look far away to see if he had come. But it suddenly occurred to me that he couldn't come. How did he know he was thinking about him? Even if I knew, how could I find him so quickly? She had to stop and go back to the building. She still wants to see each other, but she can't see each other. This complex emotion tortured her and made her fidget and wander around the building. This sentence fully shows women's complex and contradictory psychology and loneliness and boredom.
5. How to appreciate Li Shangyin's Jinse from the image and emotion?
This poem "Jinse" is Li Shangyin's masterpiece, and everyone who loves poetry is happy and the most famous. However, this is the most difficult poem to explain.
Since the Song and Yuan Dynasties, there have been many speculations. The poem Jinse uses the first two words of the first sentence.
In the old theory, this poem was originally thought to be a poem about objects, but recently it seems that all commentators claim that this poem has nothing to do with the use of musical instruments, but it is actually an "untitled" work that uses musical instruments to hide topics. In my opinion, it is really different from the general chanting of things, but it is not just an untitled poem that simply "intercepts the first two words" and begins with a metaphor, which has nothing to do with the literal.
What it writes is obviously related to Joseph. There are many misunderstandings in couplets. According to this, the poet is "fifty years old" or "nearly fifty years old", so he is so happy.
Actually, it is not. "For no reason" means "for no reason" and "for no reason".
The poet's idiotic words are also. There are so many strings in Jinse, neither "wrong" nor "wrong"; The poet stubbornly complained: Jinse, why do you have so many strings? In fact, there is no need for "textual research" on how many strings are in the original work and how many strings are actually in Li Shangyin's era. The poet only uses words to see the meaning.
According to records, there are 50 strings in ancient musical instruments, so the number of "50" is often used in writing musical instruments, such as "Fifty strings of Xiangling are beaten by rain" and "Because of 50 strings, the middle of the road is divided into palaces", which can prove that there is no special intention in the poet's original work. The key to "each has its own flower-like troubles and a period of youth" lies in the word "New Year".
A string, a column or a sound. There are 50 strings in a stringed instrument, and the syllables are the most abundant, and its numerous sounds promote the festival, which often makes the listener difficult to conceive.
Poets never want to let people die and dig for "numbers". He said: Listen to the complicated strings of Jinse and think about China's past; The sound is complicated and confusing, so it's hard to say.
The 50-string aims to "create an atmosphere" to see the weight of the past and the feelings of the nine songs. To appreciate Yuxi's poems, we must first understand the main idea, but we should not stick to the drum and column instruments.
He Zhu, a poet in the Song Dynasty, said, "Who is the degree of golden flowers?" ("Jade Case") Yuan Hao, a poet in the Yuan Dynasty, asked: "The beauty Jin Se complains about the New Year!" (On Thirty Poems) Chinese New Year is a wonderful youth. The most important "main eye" of Yuxi's poem lies in the wonderful New Year, so it is just pedantic to use "50-year trip" to recall "49 years".
The intention of the alliance is clear. Let's see how he undertakes it. The last sentence of Zhuan Xu uses an allegorical allusion from Zhuangzi, saying that Zhuang Zhou dreamed that he was a butterfly and flew vividly ... he forgot that he was "Zhuang Zhou". Later, when I woke up, it was still Zhuang Zhou at home, and I didn't know where the butterfly had gone.
Yuxi wrote such a sentence: A beautiful woman, a beautiful musical instrument and a complicated string awakened the poet's dream and stopped sleeping. Lost, gone, does not mean.
Let's take a look at what he said in "Autumn Night Thoughts": "Cold village pillow butterflies go", go and leave, go and die, which is his so-called fans. Although Meng Xiao butterfly was born in Zhuangsheng, once it was used in Yuxi, it was not only a "lifelike" problem, but also an illusory dream.
The king of the next sentence in this couplet is the legendary monarch of Shu in the late Zhou Dynasty, named Du Yu. Later, the Zen position retired, and unfortunately the country died. After death, the soul turned into a bird. As for the bleeding in the mouth, its voice is sad and touching, named Du Fu.
Du Yu's spring, what does this have to do with Jinse? It turned out that the complicated strings and plaintive songs of the golden harp aroused the poet's infinite sadness. His unspeakable grievances, such as Du Fu's plaintive voice, sent him home in the spring. The word "Tuo" not only wrote Du Yuzhi's entrustment to Du Fu, but also wrote the entrustment of beauty to brocade, the waving of hands, the interest of flowers falling into the water, and the poet's wonderful pen, which reached a climax.
It seems that Yuxi's "Love for Du Fu" expresses hatred for birds, and the word "resentment" put forward in "Beauty Jinse complains about the New Year" is just right. Yuxi's poem eulogizes the golden harp, which is extraordinary and carefree, and has a strange feeling that I hate.
After the couplet, the poem has been "started" and "closed", and it is time to "turn" the pen. When the pen comes here, the previous situation has reached a very small level, which seems to be a knot, meaning to be applied. Here, touching the pen and ink, it seems to be "getting up" again.
His brushwork is like a towering mountain peak, or a broken line, or pushing the pen down, or slow and tight ... The technique may be different, but the thread of God is turning and has been paying attention. At this time, Yuxi wrote the famous sentence "Mermaids shed pearl-like tears down a moon-green sea".
Beads are born in mussels, and mussels are born in the sea. Whenever the moon is bright and quiet, mussels will open their mouths to raise their pearls, and pearls will grow into moonlight before the aurora shines. This is a beautiful folk tradition.
The moon is a pearl in the sky, like a bright moon in water; Tears, like beads, are natural since ancient times. Jiao Ren's tears turned into pearls, which is also a strange sight in the sea. In this way, the bright moon falls between the seas, and pearls are bathed in tears. The moon, pearls and tears are three votes in favor and one vote against. Divided into three? Three is one? In the poet's pen, an indistinguishable fairyland has been formed.
We read Tang poetry, but with such rich connotations and wonderful associations, living in Yuxi is not much. So, is there any connection between the sea moon, tears and Jinse? Qian Qi's famous "Qin Fu" doesn't say that "25 strings play jathyapple, and you can't clear your grievances and fly away"? Therefore, the moonlit night is appropriate, and the grievances are particularly deep.
In this way, the relationship between the territory of Haiyue and Sese can't be spied? For the poet Yuxi, the realm of the sea and the moon has a particularly deep feeling. Once, due to illness, he couldn't bow to Hedong Gong's "Happy Camp to buy wine", so he wrote the sentence "Only take the bright moon in the sea and press the red city".
From this perspective, on the one hand, he appreciates this situation, on the other hand, he is very sad and lonely: a complex and unspeakable disappointment. Si Kongtu, a poet in the late Tang Dynasty, quoted a passage from Dai Shulun who was earlier than him: "The beauty of a poet, such as the warmth of Lantian and the essence of jade, cannot be placed in front of us."
The eight words used for metaphor here are exactly the same as the seven words in the next sentence of this poem, which shows that this metaphor has another source. Unfortunately, the ancient books were lost later, and it was difficult to find the source again. The explanation of this sentence has no reference today, and it is hard to say whether it is appropriate or not.
Lu Ji, a writer in the Jin Dynasty, has a famous sentence in his "Wen Fu": "Stone is like jade, but mountains are bright.
6. What images are there in ancient poetry?
Most of the images in ancient poems have relatively fixed meanings. Grasping these meanings is very beneficial for us to understand the ideological content of poetry and answer the question of poetry appreciation correctly. 1. Animals 1, the life story of cicada, telling sadness: "The cicada is singing in the west, and the tourists in the south think deeply. This is unbearable shadow temple, breaking the heart of a white-haired prisoner. His flight is heavy through the fog, and his pure voice is drowned in the windy world. Who knows if he is still singing? "Singing in silence, expressing one's deep homesickness in prison, every sentence can find the shadow of the poet's injustice and confidence in his personality. The pain of parting, the difficulty of traveling far away: Song Liu Yong's Lin Yuling: "Lonely and sad, it's too late to take a shower." Before the direct description of parting, an atmosphere was brewed that touched the feelings of parting. Late cicadas were repeatedly moved by Tang, and the trees had the sound of flying. "It seems particularly difficult for pedestrians to write about cicadas that lead to sorrow, and walkers take a ride and fly cicadas with them, and write about the poet's heavy mood of sorrow all the way. 2. Hongyan Hongyan is a migratory bird, which moves southward every autumn, often causing wanderers to feel homesick and sad during their travels. For example, the Tang Dynasty's "Smelling the Flute on a Spring Night" said: "There are endless geese in Dongting overnight. "There are many autumn waters in the river" (Du Fu's To Li Bai at the End of the Sky). 3. Cuckoo Cuckoo, also known as Du Yu and Zigui, mourns. In classical poetry, it is often related to sadness and homesickness. "The lonely pavilion is cold in spring, and the cuckoo sounds like the sunset." In Qin Guan's ci, the voice of cuckoo is used to render the sadness of solitary pavilion and convey the poet's sadness and homesickness. Zhuangzi daydreaming, a saint, was fascinated by butterflies. Li Shangyin's poems express his longing through cuckoo. What can you hear here in the morning and evening? The cuckoo's bleeding cry and the ape's whimper ",while Bai Juyi used the cuckoo's blood to render the desolation of Jiangzhou and express his sadness of being demoted to Jiangzhou. 4. The song of partridge makes people sound like "I can't live without my brother", which is very easy to evoke the association of hard journey and full of feelings of parting. Book Jiangxi stoma wall "); "Maid-in-waiting is like a flower in Man Chun Hall, and now only partridges fly" (Li Bai's Visit to the Ancient Times in Vietnam). Here, it also acts as a symbol of the scene of decline, and its sad cry often indicates sadness and decline. The oriole is good at singing, which is a symbol of spring. "Thousands of birds sing green and red, and the water village is full of wine flags" (Du Mu's Jiangnan Spring). "Counting the early warblers to warm the trees, and the new swallows peck at the spring mud" (Bai Juyi's "Spring Tour in Qiantang"), Bai Juyi used orioles to sing and swallows to fly lightly to illustrate the arrival of spring. 2. Plant species 1, willow "willow" and "willow" are homophonic, meaning mutual separation. Therefore, the ancients had the custom of folding willows to bid farewell. Xiaoya? Cai Wei: "In the past, I was gone, and there was another village. Now I think about it and it is raining." Liu Yong's "Yulinling" has "Where to wake up tonight, Yang Liuan, the breeze is fading" to express the sadness of parting. Li Bai's "Recalling Qin E" has "Qin Louyue, willow color every year, Baling died." It also expressed the feeling of parting. Lu You's Yongmei: "Scattered into mud, crushed into dust, only the fragrance remains." And Mo Mei of Wang Yuan Cotton: "Don't praise lewdness, just leave fresh air to fill Gan Kun." Both reflect their unwillingness to go with the flow. Plum blossoms bloom cold first, and then blossom fragrant. Song Chen Liang's Plum Blossom: "A flower suddenly disappears." He wrote the quality of not being afraid of setbacks and being the first in the world, which is not only Yongmei, but also eulogizing himself. 3. Chrysanthemum, the flower of Ao Shuang, has a strong personality and elegant temperament. Qu Yuan's Lisao: "Drinking Mulan in the morning shows its dew, and eating Qiuju in the evening shows its autumn." The poet symbolizes his noble character by drinking dew and eating flowers. Tang Yuanzhen's Chrysanthemum: This flower blooms even more if it doesn't bloom. "It expresses the poet's pursuit of loyalty and noble character. 4. "Lotus" and "pity" are homonyms, and love is expressed in poetry. For example, "Song of Xizhou" written by Yuefu in the Southern Dynasties: "In autumn, the lotus is picked in the south pond, and the lotus is over the head; Bow your head, lotus seeds are as green as water. " "Lotus seed" means "Reiko Kobayakawa" and "green" means "green". What is written here is both true and empty, meaning pun intended. The rhetorical device of homophonic pun is used to express a woman's deep yearning for the man she loves and the purity of love. Indus is a symbol of desolation and sadness. Rain at night: "Autumn with a buttonwood leaf, a little banana with a little sorrow, dreaming after midnight" I wrote down all my worries with the falling of buttonwood leaves and the rain hitting banana. Others, such as "a leaf falling leaves, with an empty sound, dripping to the bright" (the Tang dynasty text is "more leaking") and "the phoenix tree is more raining until dusk, bit by bit" (Li Qingzhao went further and lived. "People see the endless life without love, and the endless grass reflects the pervasion and rebirth of love. Take grass as a metaphor for people, thinking: "If there are few bosom friends, where can you find them" (Zhu Dunru's "Pride of Fisherman"), "Where there is no fragrant grass in the world" (Su Shi's "Butterfly Lovers"). Another way of saying it is that grass is a bosom friend. Time is in a hurry because of repeated grass every year. Ask where to find grass "(Zhu Dunru's A Lost Rope) To cherish grass is to cherish life. Third, natural phenomena 1, the bright moon contains homesickness. For example, "There are 300,000 people in the village, and I will look back at the moon for a while" (Tang? Li Yi's "Joining the Army in the North") can't help but miss home; "Looking up, it turned out to be moonlight and sank back, suddenly thinking of home" (Tang? Li Bai's "Silent Night Thinking") is extremely sentimental about longing for the moon; "The small building was easterly last night, and the old country was unbearable to look back at the middle of the month" (South Tang? Li Yu's "The Mermaid" shows the special pain of the subjugated monarch. The bright moon is the emotional sustenance, such as Zhang Jiuling's hope and vision of "the bright moon, now full of the sea, the end of the world * * *". 2. Running water can often cause people to sigh over the passage of time, long sadness and historical changes. "When will all rivers enter the sea and go to the West?" (Poems of Yuefu)? The poem of harmony) poets feel that time flies when they see running water; But since the water is still flowing, although we cut it with the sword, raise your glass.