-The publishing operation of Wind of Wisdom and the proofreading of various prefaces.
Guo Huaiyu summarizes that many contemporary literary works often quote different authoritative views when commenting on the poetic styles of Huxiang poets and Wang Jingzhi. In particular, Zhu Ziqing thinks that Wang Jingzhi wrote a "lingering" love in the preface of "Hui Feng", but in the review of "Reading Poems by the Lake", he said that the poems of Wang Jingzhi and other four poets generally have a "lingering" style. Because the cited people have their own needs, there are different opinions. Through the analysis of the publishing process of Hui Feng and the evolution of the author's poetic style, this paper reveals the reasons for Zhu Ziqing's two contradictory judgments. Key words: Wang Jingzhi's "Wind of Hui" foreword echoes around the beam quotations publishing operation.
one
For a long time, some works in the history of modern literature often quote different or even diametrically opposite authoritative views when evaluating the poems of Hunan poets, especially Wang Jingzhi. How to make ink in the book On the Poetry Society on the Lake wrote: "Regarding the wind of Hui, Zhou Zuoren thinks:' There are many beautiful sentences in his sentimental love poems (the emphasis under all fonts in this article is added by the author)." Zhou Zuoren's thoughtful comments in those years can be described as strategically placed, and his support for new scholars was touching. "[ 1]
Critics believe that the wind of Hui is "lingering". Ma Liangchun and Zhang Daming's History of Modern Literary Thoughts in China is another quotation: "Zhu Ziqing wrote" As far as art is concerned "less than a month after the publication of the collection of poems by the Lake, which distinguished the four people. ..... Wang Jingzhi's "Rehabilitation" ... Zhu Ziqing further explained the artistic tendency of Wang's poems in the preface to Hui Feng. ..... It is chanting' This is just a straightforward and simple love, not a lingering love'. " [2]
Here, the author thinks that the wind of Hui is "not lingering". Similarly, when Qian Liqun and others talked about the creation of Huxiang poets in Thirty Years of Modern Literature in China and commented on Huxiang poets in Reading Poems by the Lake, they did not quote Zhu Ziqing's lingering, but quoted Zhu Ziqing's comments on Wang Jingzhi's poems in the preface to Hui Feng: in the history of literature, these four poets were called "Huxiang poets" ... Their love poems and natural landscape poems were full. Singing is just a straightforward and simple love, not a lingering and tortuous love. [3] Zhu Shoutong's History of Modern Social Literature in China [4], Lv Yaodong's History of New Poetry in China (Volume I) [5] and Guo En's Romanticism and 20th Century China Literature [6] are basically the same. Qiu's Bird's Eye on the Study of Modern Literary Schools quoted Zhu Ziqing's statement that "lakeside" is "lingering": "Reading the Lakeside by Zhu Ziqing first put forward the style characteristics of lakeside poetry school. The article says:' Generally speaking, all the works of Lakeside have some fresh and lingering styles …' Here, …… Zhu Ziqing knows their lives and personalities very well, so he can accurately grasp their artistic characteristics and make a cordial and pertinent evaluation. [7] Zhao Lin holds the same view in "A Study of Modern New Literature Criticism in China" [8].
two
So, is Wang Jingzhi's poem lingering or not? Why does Zhu Ziqing think that the emblem wind is not lingering in the lakeside lingering? Here, I might as well record his preface to Wang Jingzhi's poetry collection "Wind of Hui" on February 1922 as follows: "Most of his poems praise nature, love, only fresh and beautiful nature, not mysterious and great nature; Singing is just a straightforward and simple love, not a lingering and tortuous love. " [9]
On May 1922 and May 18, Zhu Ziqing wrote a commentary "Reading Poems by the Lake", which is a collection of poems published by four lakeside poets such as Wang Jingzhi, and wrote: "Generally speaking, the lakeside works have some fresh and lingering styles, and youth is full of these works ... As far as poetry is concerned, [/kloc-0]
As can be seen from the above two quotations, Zhu Ziqing thinks that Wang Jingzhi's love in Hui Feng is not lingering, while Pan Mohua, Ying Xiuren's Lake of Wang Jingzhi is generally "fresh and lingering" and "euphemistically lingering". In fact, there are some poems in the Wind in the Lake by Wang Jingzhi. How can it be the lingering in the Wind in the Lake instead of the Wind in the Lake?
What further complicates the problem is the opinions of Zhou Zuoren and Hu Shi. Zhou Zuoren's article Love Poems published in June 1922+ 10/2 of the Morning Post specifically commented on the Wind of Hui, in which he wrote: "Even if the artistic value of quiet love poems is different, (as detailed by Hu) it can be believed that there is no' immoral suspicion'. [ 1 1]
It stands to reason that Zhou Zuoren thinks that the emblem wind is lingering, and before him, Hu Shi also called it "moaning love poem" in the preface, which can be said that their evaluation of the emblem wind is consistent; Zhou Zuoren also mentioned Hu Shi's preface in his article, but did not mention Zhu Ziqing's preface, which at least proves that Zhou Zuoren recognized Hu Shi's preface to Hui Feng.
As a famous professor Zhou Zuoren and a new culture leader at that time, Hu Shi thought that the Huizhou style was lingering and moaning, but why did Zhu Ziqing, who just graduated from Peking University for two years, think that the Huizhou style was "not lingering"?
According to Wind of Hui, there are always four prefaces, but many people ignore that two of them were written before some of Wang Jingzhi's poems. These two articles are Zhu Xu and Xu Hu. At the end of the preface, they are marked "Zhu Ziqing" respectively. Yangzhou, Nanmen, Hejiaxiang. Two, two, one (i.e. 1922 February 1, author's note) "; "Eleven, six, six. Hu Shi (i.e.1June 6, 922, author's note). "However, the last group of poems," Leave Hangzhou in the morning in the wind of Hui ",was written on1July 2, 922. The preface is actually written before the work, which may be rare in the history of preface writing at all times and all over the world. In fact, if we look at Wang Jingzhi's early operation of Hui Feng, there should be an earlier preface, that is, Zhou Zuoren wrote a preface for Hui Feng in September of 192 15, but Wang Jingzhi did not use it in the final publication. In this way, Huifeng has three prefaces written in advance. Why? This may be related to Wang Jingzhi's youth, financial distress and poor planning: Wang Jingzhi was still a student below 19 when he asked Zhou Zuoren to preface, but he had already written 50 poems. Imagine that Hu Shi published a total of 46 poems in19,21year. He first turned his attention to Zhou Zuoren, a famous professor and critic. This situation can be seen from Zhou Zuoren's diaries of that year:1921September 7th, September 8th, September 5th, and Wang Jingzhi's Preface to Wang Jun's Poems [65438]. After reading those works, I was quite surprised and amazed. He often writes poems in the future. Last October, I did nothing in Shanghai. He wrote to me from Hangzhou, saying that this poem has been compiled into an episode called Wind of Hui. I envy his agile creation and rich achievements! He said he would print it, teach me a preface and briefly explain his complete works. I'm happy to do it; But I'm afraid what I said may not be in line with his meaning. "
Zhu Ziqing received more than 192 10 poems copied by Wang Jingzhi from April to May, knowing that Wang Jingzhi, a student he once taught, can often write poems now, but he has no plans to publish poetry collections. During the period of 192 1 year 10, Zhu Ziqing received Wang Jingzhi's Wind of Hui, which has become a collection of poems. Wang Jingzhi said that "it will be printed soon" and asked Zhu Ziqing to "make a preface and briefly describe his complete works". Zhu Ziqing knew that Wang Jingzhi was going to publish a collection of poems. Zhu Ziqing began to write a preface.
At the same time, Wang Jingzhi also temporarily stopped his poetry writing, because he didn't write for six years from 192 1 year 1 October 17 to 19265438 1 year1month. It turned out that he was busy contacting Wang Yuanfang, a fellow villager in Jixi, Yadong Library Press, and wanted to ask him to help publish poems, but it didn't work, so Wang Jingzhi's first plan simply failed. This situation can be seen from Wang Jingzhi's letter to Hu Shi [1922 65438+ 10/3]: "My poem was originally sent directly to Mr. Fiona Fang", but it is difficult to publish it now. So, on 10 this month, Hu Shi was asked to make a preface and hand over the poems to Mr. Wang Yuanfang, and "it is best to ask Yadong (Yadong Library Press, author's note) to send the payment as soon as possible", which proves that there is no Hu Shi among the writers invited by Jing Wong twice before. The poems he usually gave to Hu Shi were just out of admiration and reported to Hu Shi about his attempt to write new poems. This time, Wang Jingzhi found that the first set of plans fell short because of poor publication, so he immediately gave up the original strategy and implemented a second set of brand-new plans: Hu Shi was asked to write a preface and ask him to help publish it, because Hu Shi was not only the leader who advocated new poetry, but also familiar with Yadong Library, and was "the patron who could influence bookstores" [15]. But Hu Shi did not immediately solve the problem for Wang Jingzhi. Wang Jingzhi waited for three months from 65438+ 10/0 to April 9, but still didn't see Hu Shi's reply, so he wrote to Hu Shi on April 9 [16]: "I am a poor man and have no spare money to send express mail! ..... As students, we have experienced so many twists and turns in the process of trying to create a collection of poems. I am really impatient. Please send the manuscript back so that I can burn it! ..... I didn't expect the wisdom wind to stay in childbirth for so long! ..... I used to expect to get the manuscript fee of "Wind of Wisdom" for my needs at this time, but now I am disappointed in vain! " In his letter, Wang Jingzhi repeatedly mentioned "the fee for writing" and "no spare money to send express mail", which shows that his financial situation was also very embarrassed at that time, because at this time, Wang Jingzhi had been living beyond his means for almost a year, wearing a "small broken" cotton-padded jacket he made when he was fifteen years old, covered with a "small broken quilt" that shook his feet with cold, and borrowed money from Ye Shengtao. 40 yuan was borrowed from Hu Shi, but he could only repay the debts of the spring semester and the expenses for meals and books in the summer vacation. Moreover, he had to borrow 20 yuan from Hu Shi. Wang Jingzhi did have "unsustainable danger" in his life at that time, which restricted him from sending new poems abroad to some extent, so he basically concentrated on sending new poems to Hu Shi at this time, which may be the only thing he kept doing. In the preface, Hu Shi also mentioned the fact that Wang Jingzhi's collected works stayed at his home for a long time: "My young friend Wang Jingzhi gave me his collection of poems, The Wind of Hui, and later his poems written at any time also came one after another. His collection has lived in my house for almost a year. " Even so, Wang Jingzhi added a group of poems "Morning from Hangzhou" (10) to the collection of poems after Hu Shi wrote the preface, which made Hu Shi's preface a month earlier than some poems in the collection of poems. Wang Jingzhi also admitted in the preface: "The poetry collection was compiled last year, but all the poems before leaving Hangzhou this year were added." Therefore, these three prefaces are "ahead of time", but Zhu Ziqing's prefaces are the most affected, because Zhou Zuoren's prefaces were written early but were not adopted, and Hu Shi's prefaces also lacked this group of poems, but Zhu Ziqing's prefaces are much worse than Ji Zi's poems. Because Wang Jingzhi is going all out to ask Hu Shi to help him publish the Wind of Hui, he may not be able to give Zhu Ziqing his new work in terms of energy, time and economy. Even if he manages to send it, he is embarrassed to send it again, because he has told Zhu Ziqing that this is the Complete Works, which will be printed and distributed soon. Even if I am embarrassed to send it, it is not easy to find Zhu Ziqing, because Zhu Ziqing was in Shanghai when he received Wind of Hui, and he was already in his hometown of Yangzhou when he wrote the preface. 1August 922, published by Huizhifeng. In addition to the four prefaces, * * * also has 175 poems and 1 prose (the author uses the most detailed method to calculate, each poem counts as one, and a group of several poems counts as several). What Zhu Ziqing saw was 55 poems written by Wang Jingzhi before 192 1, 10, 17. These are all poems written by Zhu Ziqing. 65438+1October17-165438+1October 6th, Wang Jingzhi didn't create anything from 192 1 year1650. Therefore, it is impossible for Zhu Ziqing's Preface to make a systematic and accurate summary of all Huizhou poems.
Generally speaking, with the passage of time, the poet's creative content and style will change accordingly. In the preface, Hu Shi demonstrated the changes of Wang Jingzhi's poetry creation from two aspects: content and form. Firstly, it discusses the content of Wang Jingzhi's poems from 192 1 year when snowflakes and cotton were immature to 1922. From 1920, this paper also analyzes the "easy to understand" in Wang Jingzhi's How Dare to Love Iraq, the "profound and profound" in 192 1 and the "profound" in 1922's My Wish. Hu Shi said. Zhu Ziqing only read the first third of the published Wind of Hui. For the "three realms" mentioned by Hu Shi, Zhu Ziqing may only see the realm of "simplicity and simplicity".