I have long wanted to write an article for Mr. Yu Guangzhong. However, when I calmed down and had time to write something, Yu Xiansheng died on 20 17 12 14. I stayed up all night that night. I missed Mr. Yu:
Many of us may have a hometown that we can't go back to, or there may be several solitary graves that Tomb-Sweeping Day can't pay homage to every year. Since I left my hometown, it has been difficult to go home, or I have no time, or I have been dragged by work, or I have dragged my children to the cemetery in the suburbs of our city to pay homage and have a new grave. The old grave in my hometown has long been overgrown with weeds.
Mr. Yu Guangzhong was born in 1928, which was the most difficult period of the Republic of China. The Northern Expedition is not over yet, the country is in chaos and the people are poor.
He wandered about all his school life. He went to Hongkong in 1949 and to Taiwan Province Province in 1950. I don't think this trip will take half a century. After the normalization of cross-strait cultural exchanges, Mr. Yu Guangzhong, whom we saw on the rostrum and on TV, is already a white-haired old man.
"When I turned around, the wind blew black hair. When I turned around, it was all snow."
Mr. Wang walked out of half his life and returned to a teenager, but he was a teenager with white cranes and silver hair.
The poem "Homesickness" came out before the normalization of cross-strait cultural exchanges in the 1990s, and spread to all Chinese circles in the 1970s and 1980s. Every wanderer's eyes get wet when he reads it, and he loses his mind. Some people are singing.
1972, Mr. Wang was 44 years old and left the mainland for 23 years. China people living in Europe and America and China people from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan are all in the "outside world" and miss their "mother" in their hometown mainland. Due to the cultural isolation at that time, these people could only read "homesickness", groan and cry, which was a real sense of national tear. Chinese mainland's ten years of Cultural Revolution are not over yet. To be honest, few poets and literati in Chinese mainland at this time can express China's culture in one poem: the sense of tearing, the sense of historical identity, the kindness and filial piety of Chinese traditional virtues, and only "homesickness".
① sense of tears
In the late 1970s and early 1980s, mainland intellectuals had just finished the Cultural Revolution, and their thoughts had not been completely liberated. Even if they have the idea of "going out", it is only an ideological "desire". Studying abroad, visiting classmates and visiting relatives and friends have become extravagant hopes. At this time, mainland intellectuals were all immersed in reading and writing articles, including Shen Congwen, Wang Zengqi and Qian Zhongshu.
Intellectuals from Europe, America, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan who wanted to come back during this period were also banned. Whenever they think of the mainland's "mother", "bride", Qingming memorial service and "snacks" in their hometown, homesickness is bitter, and it is a pity that they can't get what they want. During this period, there were Liang Shiqiu, Lin Yutang, Zhang Ailing, etc. (not limited to the above), including of course.
Therefore, under the background of the poem "Homesickness", all the literati in China feel torn.
② Historical identity
What is China people's sense of historical identity?
We China people are Chinese ancestors, religions with complementary Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism, Chinese language, 5,000-year history, values of benevolence, righteousness and filial piety, black hair, yellow skin, traditional Chinese characters, simplified Chinese characters ... These historical identity things have not been counted, listed, carried and piled up, but have flowed in the veins of everyone in China, especially all the literati in the nostalgic period.
1974, Mr. Yu wrote in Listening to Cold Rain:
The square characters emphasized by Mr. Yu Guangzhong and the characters made in Cang Xie are the ancestors of the Han people. Where there are people from China, there are people from China. They absolutely love their motherland. This emotion is centripetal. In the present words, China culture is cohesive. No matter where they are, China literati have a China heart in Chicheng, which is the historical recognition of China people.
Mr. Yu Guangzhong continued in Listening to Cold Rain:
The rain can be heard, seen and licked. In fact, from this article, we can feel that Mr. Yu regards "rain" as the messenger of his mother. The rainy season is coming, Qingming is coming, and homesickness is coming.
This rain has also raised China's homesickness culture to a new height, which is China people's own historical identity.
③ Filial piety and kindness in China's traditional virtues.
As a wanderer abroad, a Chinese living overseas, a compatriot from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan, or a wanderer who leaves his hometown and wanders in the city, who does not feel homesick?
I miss my mother. In Mr. Yu Guangzhong's homesickness, there are two words "mother", one refers to the mainland, and the other is the mother who raised myself. People who miss their mothers are filial. "The thread in the hands of loving mothers" and "I suddenly think of home when I sink again" are the traditional virtues of China literati.
However, everyone's life is in the same place from birth to death, and his life is definitely not wonderful. Therefore, the people of China have the spirit of going out, rushing east and west, going to China Street in the United States, going down to Nanyang and studying in Europe. These people have the same homesickness. They all want to be filial, but they are in a foreign land. This idea has been repeatedly softened by ancient and modern literati into their poems, and every sentence is the same.
Mr. Yu Guangzhong once said: "The mainland is the mother, Taiwan Province is the wife and Hongkong is the lover."
Yu Guangzhong was born in mainland China, grew up as a teenager, graduated from Taiwan Province Province in middle age, and spent most of his time teaching and educating people in Taiwan Province Province. Later, he taught at the Chinese University of Hong Kong. He returned to the mainland in his later years and became a visiting professor at Xiamen University and Zhejiang University. Peking University is a resident poet. In his later years, Mr. Yu Guangzhong shuttled between Hong Kong, Macao and the United States in Chinese mainland for cultural and academic exchanges.
This is a tramp's life, and his poem "Homesickness" will be sung in tune with China tramps all over the world for 1000 years.