How to do the appreciation of ancient poetry?

A successful poem must have unique artistic techniques and techniques. An important part of appreciating ancient poetry is to appreciate the artistic techniques and skills of poetry. This test center is not only the focus but also the difficulty of appreciating ancient poetry. The appreciation of artistic skills generally includes three aspects: the evaluation of expressive techniques, the appreciation of artistic techniques and the appreciation of rhetorical techniques. There are four kinds of comments. The so-called evaluation of expression means that we can distinguish which expressions are used in poetry and their functions. 1, narrate and introduce the characters and events in our works, such as "Prepare chicken rice for me, old friend, you entertain me on your farm" (Meng Haoran's Crossing the Ancient People's Village), "Jin Feng Jiao Gongming, the general hunting acropolis" (Wang Wei's Hunting). "description. Give a concrete and vivid description of the shapes and characteristics of people, things, environment, etc. Using image language, let readers see their people, hear their voices, see their affairs, and get close to their surroundings, such as "moonlight in the pine forest, crystal stone in the stream" (Mountain in Autumn Night by Wang Wei), "Three mountains and a half fall outside the sky, an egret island and a water" (On Climbing Nanjing to the Phoenix Terrace by Li Bai) and so on. Straight cut Loulan "(Xia Sai Qu by Li Bai)," We meet. We understand. What is the relationship between acquaintances? It is the end of the world "(Bai Juyi's" Pipa ") and so on. 4. discuss it. Explain your point of view and attitude directly in your works. For example, "Life is a hero, death is a ghost" (Li Qingzhao's "Summer quatrains"), "Jiangdong talents come forth in large numbers. But they often blend together, so we need to pay attention to this point. For example, "But before he conquered, he was dead, and the hero cried on their coats" (Du Fu's "Shu Xiang"), which combines four expressions: narration, description, lyricism and discussion. Second, the appreciation of artistic techniques 1, the artistic techniques of description: from the perspective of description, there are positive descriptions and side descriptions; From the description of pen, there are meticulous and line drawing; From the content of description, there are scenery description and character description. 2. Artistic techniques of lyric: There are two main ways of lyric: direct lyric and indirect lyric. Most ancient poems express their feelings with the help of scenery. As the saying goes, "all scenery words are sentimental words", there are usually four kinds of relationships between scenery and emotion: Syaraku's feelings with pleasure; Write sad feelings with sad scenes; Happy to write mourning; Mourn Syaraku's feelings. 3. It involves positive contrast and negative contrast. 4. Contrast technology. 5. Fu Bixing's technique. 6. Use allusions. 7. Virtual writing and real writing. 8. Symbolism. (See Appendix for details. ) 3. Rhetorical devices The rhetorical devices commonly used in appreciation of ancient poems include metaphor, analogy, exaggeration, metonymy, antithesis, and rhetorical questions. And can analyze their artistic effects. (See Appendix for details. Attachment: Examples of artistic techniques and rhetorical devices 1. Bixing Techniques: Fu Bixing is a summary of the poetic expression techniques in The Book of Songs, China's earliest poetry collection. Later poems inherited the expressive techniques of Fu, Bi and Xing. Fu is to describe the scenery in detail and express the author's attitude, such as the Book of Songs. 6? 1 Dalbergia Dalbergia, "Cut Dalbergia Dalbergia, set the river dry", "Don't collect crops, don't hunt, take three hundred grains, don't hunt, Hu Zhaner has a county in the court, you are a gentleman, and you are not a vegetarian! "Describe a group of logging slaves cutting ebony for slave owners to make cars. In the arduous labor, they think that slave owners get something for nothing and can't restrain their inner anger. 6? 1 Shuo compared the slave owner to a big mouse, using the contrast method. Xing means "say something else first to make the words sing", such as The Book of Songs? 6? "The river is clear and blue" 1 Dalbergia is "Xing", which leads to the following narrative. "Xing" and "Bi" are often used together in a poem. For example, the beginning of Peacock Flying Southeast and Wandering Five Miles is both "Xing" and "Bi". Describing or discussing, expressing one's feelings implicitly, is indirect lyricism. China's classical poetry pursues implication, so it is often indirect lyricism, in order to achieve a blend of scenes. "All scenes have feelings", and scene blending is a common method in classical poetry. Whether the scene blends is a sign to judge whether the classical poetry has artistic conception. Whether there is artistic conception is also a sign to judge whether classical poetry is excellent or not. For example, Zhang Kejiu's "[Double Tone] Qingjiang Tone? 6? 1 Qiu Huai: Xifeng came to Wan Li and asked me that before returning, geese sang red leaves, people were drunk with yellow flowers, and Qiu Meng listened to banana rain. The poet grasped the meaning of the topic and dyed a bleak autumn scenery with west wind, wild geese, red leaves, yellow flowers, plantains and rain. The arrival of the west wind also reminds me of the uncertainty of the return date. Because of "Banana Rain", I was worried about fame and fortune, tossing and turning. Every sentence is about scenery, and every sentence is lyrical, with a high degree of unity between emotion and scenery.