Links:/question/59254513/answer/164746894.
Source: Zhihu.
The copyright belongs to the author. Please contact the author for authorization for commercial reprinting, and please indicate the source for non-commercial reprinting.
Xin Qiji, Su Shi, Li Bai, Du Fu, He Zhu.
Let me talk about Xin Qiji first.
Many readers are misled by textbooks, thinking that Jia Xuan's words are "The Han River flows eastward, and all of them are washed away and smeared with blood." People say that your family can fly, and you will be brave and heroic until you are old. "In fact, Xin Qiji also has chivalrous tenderness, combining rigidity with softness.
Just like Su Shi not only has "a river of spring water, a man who has experienced storms and eternal love." There are also such immature works as "flowers are still like non-flowers, and no one regrets falling behind."
Xin Qiji has excellent language generalization ability in landscape writing. In a few words, he can cover all the complicated scenery or things, and it is seamless and has both form and spirit. At the same time, Jiaxuan has the extraordinary ability to control a variety of styles, which can be roughly divided into three styles. Desolation and beating, depression and sadness are one kind; Landscape is a kind of; Elegance is a kind of.
Before it's too late, let's get down to business:
-
First, bold words
No. 1
Xin Qiji, Yong Yule, Jingkou, Gu Beiting, reminiscing about the past.
It is difficult to find a hero like Sun Quan after the history of the country.
The dance floor was still there, but the heroes had already gone with the passage of time.
The setting sun shines on the grassland covered with grass and trees. People say that this was once the place where Emperor Wu of Song lived.
Looking back, how powerful he was when he led the Northern Expedition and recovered lost ground!
However, Li Liu Yi Long, the son of Liu Wang Yilong, was a great success and made a swift northern expedition. Instead, he made the Northern Wei Emperor Wu Tuoba fly south and returned to the north bank of the Yangtze River, which was severely hit by his opponent.
I have been back to the south for forty-three years, and I still remember the war scenes in Yangzhou.
Looking back, there was a crow club drum under the beaver temple.
Who will ask, how is Lian Po's appetite when he is old?
The word is heroic and sad, depressed and frustrated.
Author: Chu Yunqing
Links:/question/59254513/answer/164746894.
Source: Zhihu.
The copyright belongs to the author. Please contact the author for authorization for commercial reprinting, and please indicate the source for non-commercial reprinting.
second
Xin Qiji, Nanxiangzi Deng Jingkou Gu Beiting Huai.
Where to see China? Full of scenery, Gu Bei Building.
How many things have gone up and down through the ages? The Yangtze River stretches as far as the eye can see.
I was too young to stop fighting in the southeast.
Who is the world hero? Cao Liu. Children should be like Sun Zhongmou.
This word is bold, bold and vigorous.
third place
Xin Qiji and He Xinlang wrote pipa.
Phoenix-tailed dragons are fragrant and fluttering, and since the beginning of the century, they have danced in their clothes and have been romantic for several times.
The most bitter guest is Xunyang Jiangtou, which is graceful and graceful in painting.
Remember the traffic jam and the snow in Huang Yun. Leave Wanli immediately, see Zhaoyang, and the palace is lonely.
I don't know if I don't hate it.
The courier in Liaoyang is silent, the window is cold, the light is slowly distorted, and tears are covered with eyelashes.
Affectionate push hands but strike back, Liangzhou with a touch of sadness.
Eternal events, Yun Fei vanished. There is no news of He Lao. He wants to rest in Beihe Shengshi, Chenxiang Temple.
Play here, for sobbing.
Vigorous and gloomy, sad and sad.
This Qilu man may be really sad to the bone. Wrote so many sad words. "Bounce here to sob", it was himself who sobbed.
-
Second, beautiful words.
fourth
Xin Qiji, near Zhu Yingtai.
When Baochai broke it in half and left Taoye Ferry, Nanpu was already bleak, and smoke hung over weeping willows.
I'm afraid of climbing up high-rise buildings. It's windy and rainy for nine days in ten days. The heartbroken fragments are red-hot, and no one cares, let alone persuade Yinger to stop.
Look at the temples, and count the flowers back to the date.
The dim light reflected Luo Zhang, and I couldn't cry in my dream: It was spring that brought me sadness. Now where is spring? But don't take the sadness away.
This word really can't find a little courage. The whole word creates a unique image of a woman in a boudoir. She is sentimental, charming, affectionate and innocent. This word is beautiful, graceful and charming, and it is a famous article in Xin Qiji's "graceful and restrained" words.
Fifth place
Xin Qiji's Jade Case Yuan Xi
Thousands of trees are blooming and stars are everywhere in the east night.
The BMW carved cars are full of incense, the phoenix flute rings, the jade pot flashes, and the dragons and dragons dance together all night.
Moths, snow, willows, gold thread, laughter and incense are all gone.
Looking for him in the crowd, suddenly looking back, the man was there, dimly lit.
Loneliness and loneliness, indifference and self-reliance, complacency and loneliness, different customs. Isn't this the author's self-portrayal? Liang Qichao commented: "Self-pity is lonely, and sad people have no arms." It can be said that it is the masterpiece of "graceful and restrained" in Song Ci.
-
Third, gentleness:
Sixth
Xin Qiji, Nian Nujiao Liu Shudong Village Wall
Wild pond flowers fall, in a hurry, after Qingming.
The east wind deceives the guest's dream, and the cloud screen is afraid at night.
The bow is bent on the bank, and the willow is a horse. This place was once light.
The building is empty, and the old Swift can talk.
I heard that I was in the east, and pedestrians met me, and the curtain was long.
The old enmity in Chunjiang is not broken, and the new enmity in Yunshan is thousand fold.
I look forward to seeing you again in the Ming Dynasty.
I should also be surprised to ask how many French and Chinese have recently.
In the fifth year of filial piety and precious spring, Jia Xuan was called Shao Qing in Dali, and went down the river from Jiangxi to the East. When visiting here, he remembered his love with a woman. When he found the painting building, it was empty. When Ben was desperate, he overheard passers-by say that this woman was still there, but she just moved to the east end of the street. However, this unexpected news did not make Jia Xuan happy, but made him sigh, and old grievances and new worries came to mind together. That slim girl in those days may have dyed star cream on her temples now.
This word shows Jia Xuanxia's soft-hearted side. Although he is a formidable man in his prime and with a clear-cut stand on the battlefield, he will still be tender and full of disappointment in the face of his beloved woman.
-
Fourth, write the scene class.
Seventh place
Xin Qiji, Xijiangyue, walks along Huangsha Road at night.
The moon on the horizon rose to the top of the tree, scaring away the magpies perched on the branches. The cool evening breeze seems to have spread to cicadas in the distance.
In the fragrance of rice and flowers, people talk about the harvest of a year, and frogs croak in their ears, as if in a bumper harvest year. In the old days, Maodian was near the forest, and the road turned to Xitou.
There is stillness in motion, stillness in motion, and the combination of motion and static is already very high. I got the real will, and I wrote the inseparable scenery. If it is urgent, if people experience it, it has been integrated with nature. Such a creative technique has extraordinary artistic appeal, which is rare in ancient and modern times. I am used to Jia's depression and sadness. I watched this song again and lamented that his talent was as changeable as a dragon, which I couldn't see.
No.8
Xin Qiji's Partridge Wearing Talent
On strangers, soft mulberry branches and oriental silkworm eggs have been born. The fine grass in Pinggang sings yellow calves, and the crow in the cold forest at sunset.
The mountains are far and near, and the roads are inclined. Qingqi sells wine with others. The peaches and plums in the city are worried about the wind and rain, and the flowers bloom in the spring.
In just 27 words, the distant mountains and hills, roads and alleys, Qingqi hotels and wild flowers in streams are almost magically outlined. This realistic rural picture has a strong sense of perspective, such as being placed in front of people.
Ninth place
Xin Qiji, Qingpingle Village Residence
The thatched roof of the hut is low and small, and the stream is covered with green grass. Drunk Wu local drunk, gentle voice, white-haired old man who is it?
The eldest son is weeding in the bean field on the east side of the stream, and the second son is busy knitting chicken cages. My favorite is my youngest son, who is lying in the grass, peeling the lotus just picked.
It is purely a poetic picture of rural life, which makes people feel very kind and natural to read.
In addition, Xin Qiji has another masterpiece about scenery: Living alone in the Rain Rock with faults, which is not introduced here due to space limitations.
-
After Xin Qiji, let's see Su Shi again.
Su Zizhan was the leader of the literary world in the Northern Song Dynasty and the most outstanding literary master in the Song Dynasty. He is proficient in prose, poetry, ci, calligraphy, painting, garden art and literary theory criticism, which can be described as all-rounder.
His poems are mainly lofty and open-minded, but his style has various postures. For example, Liu Kezhuang's Post-Shi Cun Dialect commented: "There are sweaty people, beautiful people, beautiful people, simple people and people with endless changes." Mr. Qian Zhongshu said that Su Shi was "the most simple and natural person" in Song poetry, and these views are very unique.
In a word, Su Shi greatly improved the ideological and artistic realm of Song poetry and was called the soul of poetry in the Northern Song Dynasty.
Let's start with his poems and compare two different styles.
No. 10
Su Shi, Five Wonders of Watching Tide on August 15th, Part One
Hebo, the river god, had two chickens, and Hai Ruo was angry from the east.
Andrew, check the water rhinoceros hand, 3000 strong crossbows shoot low tide!
Pure use of virtual pen, that is, to mobilize imagination and rely on fictional images. The first sentence takes the smallness of Hebo, the river god, as the great contrast of Poseidon, and describes the river with the image of "chicken" in the allusions of Zhuangzi, which is novel, ingenious and advanced. The second sentence says that the tide comes from the east and breathes like a rainbow, which makes people imagine its shocking momentum. Three or four sentences with allusions, imagine a military soldier shooting the tide with a strong crossbow, with great boldness of vision and a hearty performance.
The whole poem is unrestrained and full of energy.
No. 1 1
Su Shi, on June 27, Wang Hulou drunk five books, two out of five.
Clouds poured out and poured down like ink, but a mountain range was exposed on the horizon, bright and fresh, and the splashing water was like white pearl gravel, splashing on the boat.
The west wind blows suddenly, and the water at the bottom of the lake is like the sky.
This poem describes the process of a sudden rainstorm in summer. In the poet Yun Qi's pen, rain, wind, weather and water go together. At first, it was rapid and imposing, and later it turned to be relaxed and calm. It's really a flying ink dance, unpredictable, magnificent, magnificent. The two wonderful metaphors of "turning ink" and "jumping beads" are used very well, taking into account sound, light, color and dynamics.
-
Second, look at his charm type:
No. 12
Su Shi's "Hegang Mifu Five Musts"
Snow-white as Sydney, wicker exudes a strong sense of spring, fluttering like Sydney, filling the whole city.
I am disappointed, just like a pear in Dongzhu, how thoroughly and clearly I see this complicated secular life in the earthly and self-clearing.
The whole article is touching the scene, with beautiful eyes and sighs, which is quite natural and has the charm of the quatrains of the Tang Dynasty.
No. 13
Su Shi's Haitang
The east wind is full of worship, and the fragrant fog turns to the corridor.
I was afraid that the flowers would fall asleep at night, so I lit a red candle and turned it red.
Full of charm and lasting feelings.
Su Shi also has a poem that is good at metaphor:
No. 14
Su Shi's nostalgia for Mianchi's Harmony
What is life like everywhere? It should be like flying in snow.
Fingers and claws were accidentally left in the mud. What did Hong Fei do?
The old monk is dead and has become a new tower. There is no reason to look at the old topic with a broken wall.
Remember the rugged past? The road is long and the donkey hisses.
The momentum is superb, the pen is free, the artistic conception is smooth, and the artistic conception is unrestrained and desolate.
Starting from Dongpo's poems, "Snow Mud Claw" has become a metaphor for the accidental uncertainty of the fate of life and the instantaneous disappearance of traces; At the same time, this has also become an example of Su Shi's good metaphor.
-
There is also a kind of Su Shi who is full of rational interest, such as Xilin Wall Topic, which is not introduced because of the limited space.
Next is his words.
When it comes to Su Ci, it has always been thought that Comrade Lao Su's Ci is broad-minded. In fact, the style and content of Su Shi's ci are also ever-changing. At the same time, he made many bold attempts in the development of ci, and his greatest contribution was "taking poetry as ci"
Liu Chenweng in the Southern Song Dynasty said in the Preface to Xinjiaxuan: "Ci reaches Dongpo, which is aboveboard, like poetry, and the wonder of heaven and earth."
There are at least four styles of his words, and I only have three:
First, be bold and cautious.
No. 15
Su Shi and Jiangchengzi hunt in Mizhou
I said juvenile madness, which led to yellow on the left and pale on the right. Golden hat, mink and fur, thousands of riding rolls and leveling posts.
In order to repay the people of the whole city for following my generous hunting proposal, I will shoot this tiger myself like Sun Quan.
After drinking wine, my chest is still open and my temples are slightly frosted. What's the harm! When will Feng Tang be condemned by Sacrifice Cloud?
I will make my strength as full as the full moon, full as the full moon, heading northwest and shooting at the team in West Xia Jun.
Open-minded, vigorous, sharp-edged, sonorous, fast-paced, magnificent, with a bold and heroic style, in sharp contrast to the graceful and restrained ci style at that time, creating a precedent for impassioned patriotic ci in the Southern Song Dynasty.
No. 16
Su Shi Nian Nujiao Nostalgia Chibi.
The surging river flows eastward, and those heroes of the past are gone forever. To the west of the old base, there is a rich collection of people: Chibi, Zhou Lang, where the three countries stand. The steep rock wall, like thunder waves lapping against the river bank, waves like rolling up thousands of snow. The majestic rivers and mountains are picturesque, and many heroes emerge at once.
Looking back on Zhou Yu's spring breeze era, young and beautiful Joe just married him, and he was full of heroic spirit. Feather fan nylon scarf, talking and laughing, all gone. I am wandering in the battlefield today. I feel a feeling heart and give birth to white hair prematurely. Life is like a dream, sprinkle a glass of wine to pay tribute to the bright moon on the river.
The whole poem is full of emotions, ups and downs, vigorous brushwork, majestic weather, and sings to the momentum of the clouds. In the Southern Song Dynasty, Hu Zai commented on "Tiaoxi Fishing in Conghua": "Dongpo's Chibi dialect of" One River does not return "is wonderful, and it is really a masterpiece in ancient and modern times."
Therefore, this is his bold and open-minded words.
-
Second, free and easy.
No. 17
Su Shi, Wang Jiangnan, detached works
Spring is not old, the wind is fine and the willows are oblique. Try to see it on the detached stage, half the city is full of flowers. Fog and rain darken thousands of people.
After a cold meal, I woke up but felt uncomfortable. Don't miss the old country for the old friend, try new tea with new fire. Poetry and wine use time.
Haojun is free and easy, beautiful and natural, and full of charm.
No. 18
Su Shi, Ding Fengbo
Don't pay attention to the beating rain in the forest. Mei sings a long whistle and walks leisurely.
Bamboo poles and sandals are more dexterous than riding horses. What's to be afraid of? A raincoat and hemp fiber, despite the wind and rain, still live my life.
The coolness of spring breeze awakens my wine, and the cold begins to be cold, and the peak of the sun is the sun, but it is satisfied in time.
Looking back on the bleak land. Go home, no rain or shine.
This song is not only free and easy, but also detached and broad-minded.
-
Third, elegant and moving.
No. 19
Su Shi's "Shui Long Yin, Zi Yun Zhang Zhifu Flower Cultivation Ci"
Much like a flower, it seems that it is not a flower, and no one falls to the ground.
Throwing it on the side of the road seems heartless, but it is full of affection.
It was she who was injured, euphemistically confused, trying to open her mouth but closing it tightly.
To go with the wind, to find a loved one, but also by the relentless call of the oriole.
I don't hate this kind of flowers falling completely, but I hate the West Garden, which is full of withered flowers.
Where are the traces of falling flowers after the rain in the morning? Drift into the pool and become a pool of duckweed.
If the spring scenery is divided into three parts, two of them become dust, and the other part disappears when it falls into the water.
Fine, it seems that it is not easy, it is a crystal tear.
This is really a complete poem about Huayang, which is full of sadness and scenes, without me at all, but it has become a charm.
20(th)
Su Shi's Dead Hua Lian
Flowers fade, red apricots are small, swallows come and people walk around in the green water.
There are few branches blowing willows, and there are plenty of fragrant grass in the sea!
Swing in the outer wall of the road, laity in the wall, beautiful woman laughing in the wall.
Laughter dies in silence, but passion is mercilessly annoyed.
At this point, it can be proved that Su Shi is by no means unable to write colorful words that lean on red and green, but disdains to write. He deliberately created "unique" and bold words that are opposite to Liu Yong's ci style.
In the Qing Dynasty, Wang Shizhen said in Flowers and Grass: "I'm afraid I can't live in the wilderness." Pointed out the style and rhythm of this word.
-
After Su Xin, let's look at He Zhu's words again.
When he Zhu is mentioned, he will always think of his "a stream of smoke, a city full of wind, plum yellow rain" or "half yellow plum, a curtain of night rain" His ci style gives us the impression that he is sentimental, graceful and implicit.
But in fact, he is also a bloody person, and his Song of Six Kingdoms is so exciting and exciting to read.
No.2 1
Zhu He, the jade case
Ling Bo didn't cross the pond road, just watching and letting the dust settle.
Who will kill time in Jinse? Qiao Yue Garden, a bamboo building with locked windows, is only called Spring.
Blue clouds, dusk in Ran Ran, crayons, new topics, heartbreaking sentences.
How much leisure do you have? Yichuan tobacco, city wind, plum yellow rain.
The following triple sentence is Zhu He's unique swan song, so it is also called "He Meizi". In fact, I have realized the image of He Zhu's "a stream of smoke, a city full of wind and Huang Meiyu" since I was a child, but the difference between poets and ordinary people is that they can not only realize it, but also write it.
22(nd)
He Zhu, thank the emperor
Yousi Road, Man Ting City, Lan Zhi. Luo socks are full of dust to welcome guests.
The whole thing is hard to say. The breeze blows catkins, and people cross the south.
Looking back on the old tour, there are no heavy mountains. The bottom of the flower is deep, where is Zhuhu Lake?
Half yellow plums, a curtain of night rain. If you break your soul, spring will go and spring will come.
The lyrics are gentle and tortuous, and the scene is light and powerful. It seems to be sentimental, and there may be sustenance.
These two poems are typical of He Zhu's ci style, but they are not the whole of his ci style.
No.23
He Zhu, the song of six countries, young chivalry
Young chivalry, making friends with five men. Courage holes, shrug, talk is going on, life and death are together, and a promise is as heavy as a thousand dollars.
Push up bravely, stand proudly, lightly hug, Qi Fei, patchwork.
Booming drinking, cold jars floating in spring, sucking seawater and hanging rainbows.
Call the eagle dog casually, pick the bow in vain, and the hole is empty. Happy in a hurry.
Like a dream of yellow sorghum, I resigned from Feng Dan; The moon * * *, diffuse solitary peng. Official redundancy, pregnancy, dust, books.
You are like a cloud, for rough use, and suddenly you are outstanding. Encouragement, the benefit of fishermen, is also the worry of thinking.
Don't ask for a long tassel, take the arrogant species and shout at the west wind with your sword. I hate climbing mountains and facing water. I gave a handful of seven-stringed paulownia in my hand and looked at it and gave it back to Hong.
The language is fierce and tragic, the emotion is intense, and the style is vigorous and desolate. It doesn't look like it was written by one person at all
-
Lipper
I have to say it's Li Bai, whose style is more changeable. Supernatural, unrestrained and free and easy, elegant and fresh, unrestrained and romantic, subtle and subtle, and so on.
Play the poem and feel for yourself:
24(th)
Li Bai's Guan Shanyue
A bright moon rises from Qilian Mountain and crosses the vast sea of clouds.
The mighty wind blew Wan Li and crossed Yumen Pass.
At that time, Han soldiers pointed at the mountain road, and Tubo coveted the vast territory of Qinghai.
This is a land of wars in past dynasties, and few soldiers can survive.
The soldiers turned and looked at the border, thinking of home with longing eyes.
The soldier's wife looked at the tower and lamented when she would see her relatives far away.