Bu Suanzi (Su Shi)
Residing in Dinghuiyuan, Huangzhou
The missing moon hanging on the sparse tung trees makes one feel calm at first.
From time to time, I see lonely people coming and going alone, misty and lonely shadows.
When you start, you look back. There is no one to forgive you for your hatred.
Picking up all the cold branches and refusing to live on them, the lonely sandbank is cold. Notes: 1. Missing off: refers to late at night. The leak is an ancient device that uses water droplets to measure time. Leak off means that the water in the clepsydra has finished dripping.
2. A secluded person: a person who lives in seclusion, that is, a hermit. Translation: The crescent moon hangs above the sparse sycamore trees. The night is already very deep and people have stopped moving. There was only a lonely swan goose in the hazy night. At this time, I walked over alone, startling the goose, but it looked back from time to time, as if it had resentment in its heart but no one could understand. It picked out enough cold branches but refused to perch, and finally chose a lonely sandbank in the cold water. Appreciation: There are two opinions about this poem: 1: This poem was written in December of the fifth year of Yuanfeng (1082) when Su Shi was demoted to Huangzhou and lived in Dinghui Yuan. The poem uses the image of a lonely hunk on a moonlit night to express the poet's aloofness and contempt for the customs.
The first two sentences of the poem create a lonely atmosphere in the dead of night and the moon hanging on the sparse trees, paving the way for the appearance of Youren and Guhong. "These two sentences are extraordinary, exaggerating a state of being born aloof and aloof. The next two sentences first point out the image of a "ghostly man" who lives alone and has many thoughts, and then moves quickly and easily from "Youren" and Guhong make these two images correspond and fit together, making people think of: Isn't the aloof state of mind of "youren" just like the shadow of Guhong, which is as ethereal as a fairy? These two sentences are true. The writing, through the correspondence and grafting of the images of humans and birds, highly symbolically and poetically strengthens the otherworldliness of "Youren".
Xia Que is dedicated to Gu Hong's misfortune and resentment. , so frightened that he picked up all the cold branches and refused to rest, so he had to settle on the lonely and cold sandbank. Here, the poet used symbolic techniques to ingeniously pass through the ethereal loneliness of Hong, turning around in shock, embracing hatred and choice. The place of residence expresses the author's lonely situation when he was relegated to Huangzhou and his noble self-confidence and unwillingness to follow the crowd. The author and Gu Hong cherish each other. He uses personification to express Gu Hong's psychological activities and objectify his subjective feelings. , showing superb artistic skills.
The realm of this poem is indeed as Huang Tingjian said: "The meaning of the poem is superb, it seems that it is not eating fireworks and eating people's words, but it is not like having thousands of books in the chest, and there is nothing tacky in the writing. , who can reach this point! "This kind of high, free and easy state, which is free from the mundane world, benefits from the superb artistic skills. The author "sings stories with his soul", taking inspiration from the topic, setting up the scene in his mind, and holding the objects and people; in the poem about Gu Hong and the moonlit night In the description of the environment and background, the scene selection and narrative are simple and concise, ethereal and subtle, vivid and expressive, and are highly typical.
2: It tells a beautiful and desolate story. "Ci Hua" quoted from "Nvhong Yuzhi" records: "Nv Chaochao of the Wen family in Huizhou was in her late teens and refused to calligraphy. When he heard that Dongpo had arrived, he was delighted and said, "My son-in-law is here." I linger outside the window every day, listening to the song of the Duke, and I feel the urge to go away when I feel sleepy. Dongpo knew this and said, "I will marry Wang Lang and his son." When he returned from Dongpo across the sea, Chaochao died and was buried on the sand. Gongyin wrote the poem "Bu Suanzi". In the eighth year of Zhezong Yuanyou's reign (1093), the new party came to power, and Su Shi was persecuted as the old party. He was demoted again and again, and finally was demoted to Jianchang Army Sima Huizhou and resettled. Su Shi felt that there was no hope of returning to the north, so he bought several acres of land in Baihe Peak, built several thatched houses, and settled down temporarily. During the day, he cleared wasteland and farmed beside the thatched house; at night, he recited poems and composed lyrics under an oil lamp. Strangely enough, whenever night falls, a young woman secretly comes to Su Shi's window and eavesdrops on him reciting poems and composing poems. She often stands silently until late at night. The dew wetted her shoes and socks, but she didn't notice it, still listening attentively. When she heard the key points, she couldn't help but read along in a low voice, shaking her head like an old scholar. The uninvited guest in the middle of the night was quickly discovered by his host. One night, when the girl came secretly, Su Shi gently opened the window and wanted to talk to her and find out what happened. Unexpectedly, as soon as the window opened, the girl ran away like a frightened bird. She nimbly jumped over the short courtyard wall and disappeared into the night. The Baihe Peak area was sparsely populated and there were only a few households. It didn't take long for Su Shi to figure out the whole story. It turned out that not far from Su Shi's house, there lived a prisoner Wen. He had a daughter named Chaochao, who was twenty-eight years old. She was born elegant, handsome, well-educated and courteous. She especially liked to read the poems and poems of Bachelor Dongpo. She often read them without putting the book down. She knew all Su Gong's works by heart. , to the point of obsession. She made up her mind not to marry anyone other than a talented scholar like Su. Therefore, although he has passed the age of 15, he has not yet married. Ever since Su Shi was demoted to Huizhou, she had been looking for opportunities to meet Master Su, but she had never met Mr. Su. Although Su Shi was demoted, he was still a court official after all, and as the daughter of a small eunuch, how could he meet others casually? Besides, men and women are different. So she had no choice but to take advantage of the cover of night, regardless of the cold wind and frost, to stand on the dirt and listen to Master Su reciting poems. For her, it was really a great enjoyment. Su Shi was very moved after learning the true love. He thought to himself, how can I, Su Shi, be so virtuous and capable of attracting the favor of a talented woman like this? He made up his mind to fulfill this beautiful and talented daughter of the governor. Su Shi knew a scholar named Wang. He was a suave man, well-read in poetry and books, and had extraordinary ambitions.
Su Shi found an opportunity and said to Wen Dujian: "I want to draw a red line between the prince and your daughter, so that your daughter can fulfill her wish early." Wen Dujian and his daughter were very happy. From then on, Wen Chaochao would study behind closed doors, or do needlework, waiting for good news. Who knows, disaster will fall from the sky. The persecution of Su Shi by those in power did not end. Just as Su Shi and his family were initially settling down in Huizhou, in April of the fourth year of Shaosheng's reign (1097), Zhezong issued another imperial edict and demoted Su Shi to Qiongzhou Biejia Changhua Army resettlement. Qiongzhou is far away in Hainan, with "no charcoal in winter and no cold springs in summer". It is a remote and barren land. The government officials did not allow Su Shi to make any preparations and urgently urged him to go on the road. Su Shi had no choice but to leave his family in Huizhou and set off for Qiongzhou alone with his youngest son Su Guo. The whole family went to the riverside and said goodbye with tears. Su Shi couldn't help but feel sad when he thought that his chance of surviving was very slim. He left in such a hurry, and his mood was so bad, how could he care about Wang Lang and Wen Chaochao's marriage? Su Shi was suddenly demoted to Hainan, which was undoubtedly a bolt from the blue for Wen Chaochao. She felt that not only had she lost a good marriage, but she had also lost forever the opportunity to associate with the scholar Su whom she admired. From then on she became demented and depressed. He often went to Xuexian Su's old house in Baihe Peak and stood there for half a day. Gradually she stopped eating and sleeping, and finally fell ill. Before she died, she asked her family to go to Baihe Peak to see if Xuexianshi Su had returned. She left this world full of infatuation, full of talent and infinite regrets. In accordance with her will, her family buried her next to a sand dune in front of Baihe Peak, with the grave facing Hainan. She hoped that even if she died, her soul would be able to see Xuexiang Su returning from Hainan. In the third year of Yuanfu (1100), Huizong succeeded to the throne and granted amnesty to the world, and Su Shi was able to return to the mainland. When Su Shi returned to Huizhou, Wen Chaochao's grave was covered with weeds. Standing in front of Chaochao's tomb, Su Shi had mixed feelings, so he wrote this poem.