As for cultural connotation, folk culture refers to the collective name of the customs and life culture of the folk. It also generally refers to the customs and living habits created, enjoyed and inherited by the people living together in a country, nation or region. It is a series of material and spiritual cultural phenomena formed in the production and life process of ordinary people (as opposed to the official). It has universality, inheritance and variability.
Chinese name
Folk culture
Foreign name
Folk culture
Category
Cultural phenomenon
Explanation
Refers to the collective name of folk customs, life and culture
Consciousness
Folk custom is one of the social ideologies. It is also a cultural heritage with a long history. As early as in the book "Book of Han·Biography of Wang Ji", there is a record that "a hundred miles has different styles, and a thousand miles has different customs". "Book of Rites: Kingship" says: "In the second month of the year, he patrols the east. As for Daizong, he fires firewood and looks at the mountains and rivers to worship. He goes to the princes and asks those who have been there for hundreds of years. He orders the grand master to write poems to observe the folk customs." The king's patrol ceremony mentioned here means that the king goes deep into the people and conducts investigation and research on the folk customs and customs of rural society. The Taishi is an official in charge of music and collecting folk songs. He presents the folk songs (national style) inherited by the people to the king. Through these folk songs, the monarch "observes the customs and knows the gains and losses" and formulates or adjusts the country's policies. "Wind" in the "Book of Songs", a collection of ancient Chinese poetry, is a folk song spread among various ethnic groups in ancient times. These folk songs reflect the customs and habits of the ancient people, contain a large number of ancient folklore events, and are of great value to the study of ancient Chinese folklore. For example, the Jianghu culture and chivalrous culture in "Water Margin" all belong to the category of folk cultural consciousness.
The discipline that studies folklore phenomena and theories is called folklore. "Folklore" is an independent discipline in the social sciences. "Folklore" has an extremely close affinity with cultural anthropology, ethnology, sociology, history and other disciplines. For example, archeology relies on folklore to uncover ancient stories. The mysterious veil of society, folklore should rely on archeology to provide evidence of ancient inherited culture.
Treasures
Revolving Lanterns
The definition of intangible cultural heritage has been a controversial issue in academic circles in recent years. In the past, there seemed to be little doubt about this issue and it was not a problem. Because before this, the Chinese folklore or folk culture circles have been using concepts such as "folk customs", "folk culture", "folk culture", and "ethnic folk culture". The academic name "intangible cultural heritage" suddenly appeared, and this term became very fashionable. Many colleges and universities and research institutions changed their names and established intangible cultural heritage research institutes and intangible cultural heritage research centers. Some proposed It is necessary to establish the discipline of intangible cultural heritage and so on. In fact, in my opinion, this is just changing the soup without changing the medicine, and applying a fashionable label. Just like in previous years, anthropology has become popular, and many disciplines have kept up with the situation and named anthropology in front of the discipline, such as anthropology sociology, anthropology ethnology, anthropology folklore, etc. People can't help but ask, what subjects are these? Is it sociology, ethnology, or folklore? Is it necessary to add anthropology to enhance its appearance? In the final analysis, those of us who are engaged in the research of these disciplines are a little guilty and lack self-confidence, and dare not admit that folklore or folk culture is an independent discipline. In fact, intangible cultural heritage refers to the folk culture and folk culture that we are familiar with and studied in the past. The concepts of "intangible cultural heritage" and "folk customs" and "folk culture" are interchangeable.