This article is selected from the second volume of Worry Subsets.
Lu (later about 630-680) was born in Fanyang, Youzhou (now Zhuozhou, Hebei). One of the "four outstanding figures in the early Tang Dynasty". He used to be Deng's official and the new captain. Later, he was trapped by the wind and drowned. He was frustrated all his life, so his poems were full of bitter and angry words. Lv Shengji consists of seven volumes.
The Ancient Meaning of Chang 'an is Lu's masterpiece, and it is also one of the masterpieces of long songs in the early Tang Dynasty. "Ancient meaning" is a common title in poetry since the Six Dynasties, which means imitation of ancient times.
?
Chang 'an Street is narrower and more oblique (1), and the green cattle and white horses are galloping (2). The jade chariot crosses the main festival (3) and the golden whip flows to the Hou family (4). Dragon inherits the morning sun (5), and phoenix spits tassels with the sunset (6). A hundred feet of hairspring ran around the tree, and a group of charming birds were singing flowers. Beside the Butterfly Gate (8), there are various trees and silver platforms. Multi-path lovesickness (9), double-queer and one-hung phoenix wing (10). Liang Jia's painting pavilion rises from the sky (1 1), and the golden stem of Han Di is straight out of the cloud (12). If you don't know each other when you meet in front of the building, you will know each other when you meet (13)? By the way, I went to play the flute in Yanzi (14) and studied dance for a long time. If successful, why not die (15)? You would rather be a mandarin duck than a fairy. I really admire comparing my eyes with mandarin ducks, but can't you see them? I hate to embroider Luan on my forehead (16), so that I can get the curtain post of Shuang Yan (17). Shuang Yan flies around the painted beam, full of tulips. Clouds are covered with cicadas' temples (18) and crows' yellow in the first month (19). The crow is yellow and white, and the posture is different. Demon male treasure Ma Tielian Qian (20), whore Panlong Jin knees (2 1). Master Yu, crying at night (22), birds are dying at the end of the court. Zhucheng faint city is adjacent to Jade Road (23), and there is no Golden Dike (24) in the distance. Du Lingbei (25), Bullet Flying Eagle, Weiqiao West (26). They invited the chivalrous Furong (27) and * * * to stay at the home of the prostitute Tao (28). Prostitutes wear purple clothes at dusk and their songs are full of breath (29). Every night in the North Temple, people are like the moon (30), and people in the South Temple ride like clouds. Nanmo Bei Tang is connected with Beili (3 1), and five plays and three articles control three cities (32). Weak willows hang down to the ground, and good spirits rise in the dark sky. In the Han Dynasty, Jin Wu rode a thousand times (33) and the Jade Tu Su Nautilus Cup (34). Luo Yan's treasure belt was solved by you (35), and your Zhao dance was opened by you (36). Not extravagant, die every day (37). Passion comes from the husband of irrigation and drainage (38), and exclusive power cannot be judged by Xiao Xiang (39). Authoritarian spirit is heroic, and Qing Qiu sits (40). Boasting of singing and dancing for thousands of years, boasting of arrogance and extravagance (4 1). Festive events and scenery don't treat each other (42), and Sangtian Bihai needs to be changed instantly. Bai Yutang (43), a golden step in the past, is the only person who can see pine trees today. Lonely Yang Ziju (44), a book every year. Unique Nanshan osmanthus hair (45) flies around attacking people (46).
?
To annotate ...
(1) Narrow: refers to the alley. (2) Seven fragrant cars: gorgeous cars made of all kinds of fragrant wood. (3) Jade chariot: This refers to the emperor's car, here refers to the cars of ordinary rich people. Lord: Princess House. First, the emperor gave the house for the second time, so it was called. (4) An endless stream of contacts, one after another. (5) Dragon-shaped hood: there is a gorgeous umbrella-shaped hood on the car, and the upper end of the column is carved into a dragon shape, such as holding the hood in the mouth. Bao Gai, namely Gai Hua. In ancient times, there was a round umbrella cover on the car to keep out the sun and rain. (6) Phoenix spits tassels: tassels are hung at the end of the phoenix mouth on the hood. Tassels, ears made of colorful feathers or silk thread. (7) hairspring: the silk that flies in the air when insects vomit in spring. (8) Front door: refers to the palace gate. (9) Multiplex: also called cabinet road. A passage erected in the air with wood in a palace. Cross window: a wooden window with a checkered pattern. Albizia Albizia: Ma Yinghua, also known as night flower. This refers to the flower-shaped pattern of acacia on multi-directional and horizontal windows. (10) Kun (méng): the roof. Phoenix wings: Double Que is decorated with golden phoenix, showing a hanging wing shape. Therefore, it is called "Phoenix Que". (1 1) Liang Jia: refers to Liang Jijia, the consort of the Eastern Han Dynasty. Liang Ji, the elder brother of Queen Liang of Shun Di, is famous for his luxury. He once built a large house in Luoyang. This refers to the nobility of the first house of a rich family. (12) gold stem: copper column. Liu Che, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, set up a copper column in Zhang Jian Palace, which was 20 feet high. There was a copper plate on the column, named cactus, for dew. (13): same as "qi". The above two sentences are written like clouds, which is difficult to identify. (14) Flute to Purple Smoke: Xiao Shishan played the flute in the Spring and Autumn Period, Qin Mugong married his daughter Nong Yu, and both of them flew away by phoenix. Purple smoke refers to cloud gas. This sentence refers to a girl who falls in love with spring. (15) Abbreviation: fish name. Second Brother Ya: "There is a flounder in the East, which is no better than it. Its name is plaice. " Therefore, the ancients used flounder and mandarin duck to describe men and women accompanying each other, loving each other and killing each other. (16) Life and hate: hate the most. Account amount: the banner in front of the account. Loneliness: a symbol of living alone. Luan, a legendary bird like a phoenix. Qu Hao: Yes. (18) Piece sentence: Comb the sideburns into a cicada shape, which is called cicada sideburns. Cloud: refers to the fluffy shadows on the temples, like flowing clouds. (19) Early Moon Crow Yellow: female decoration, with the yellow on the forehead painted as a curved crescent. Crow yellow, light yellow. (20) Demon children: generally refers to frivolous children in the market. Iron and money: refers to the horse's coat color is blue mottled with a series of money patterns. (2 1) Panlong: Panlong hairpin. Cui Bao's Notes on Ancient and Modern Times: "Panlong Chai was made for the wife of Ji Liang." Bend your knees: hinges. Used to connect screens, windows, doors, cabinets, etc. This refers to the hinge on the door. (22) Suggestions and history: It is arrogant to write about powerful people, and suggestions and Ting Wei have no right to bind them. Suggestion, impeachment; Ding Wei, in charge of criminal law. Both "night crying" and "birds want to live" imply that law enforcement officers have been left out in the cold. Zhucheng: Miyagi. Jade road: refers to the construction of good roads. (24) Cui Ti (Xi m \u n): Women's cars are inlaid with jade curtains. Jindi: a solid river bank. (25) Flying eagle with bullets: refers to hunting scenes. Ling Du: It's in the southeast of Chang 'an, where the mausoleum of Xuan Di, the Emperor of the Han Dynasty, is located. (26) Tanmaru borrowing: refers to the revenge of travelers. "Han Shu ·Ku· Li Chuan Yin Shang": "Chang 'an is treacherous and cunning, and Ili teenagers kill officials and avenge themselves. Those who get Akamaru pills are bullets, those who get black pills are civil servants, and those who get white pills are in charge of mourning. There is also the language of "revenge by borrowing a guest" in the biography of Han Zhu Yun. Lending a guest is helping others. Wei Qiao: It was built in the northwest of Chang 'an when Qin Shihuang crossed the Weihe River, hence the name. (27) Furong Sword: the name of Gu Jian, that is, Chun Jun Jian. This was cast by Yue in the Spring and Autumn Period. Here refers to the sword in general. (28) Tao: refers to the residence of prostitutes. "Historical Records Biography of General Li": "Peach and plum don't say anything, the next step is self-made." This is a loan. A path. (29) Atmosphere: rich aroma. (30) Beitang: generally refers to the bustling area near Chang 'an Palace. (3 1) Beili: Pingkangli, Chang 'an. Tang is the place where * * * lived. (32) Drama Five Sentences: Chang 'an Avenue is criss-crossed, extending in all directions and connected with the market. Drama, criss-crossing roads. Articles, the way to visit. City, a bustling commercial street. The numbers of five, three and three are not true. (33) Jin Wu: It is to praise Jin Wu. Official titles of guards in Han dynasty. In the Tang Dynasty, there were Jin Wuwei and General Jin Wu. This usually refers to imperial officers. (34) Jade sentence: Write that court officials are drinking at prostitutes' houses, and the parrot cups are filled with green Tu Su wine. Tu Su, the name of fine wine. Nautilus Cup, or Conch Cup, is a glass made of conch produced in Nanyang, which looks like a parrot. Luo Wei: Silk shirt. (36) Song and Dance of Yanzhao: During the Warring States Period, Yanzhao was famous for its "many beauties" and its songs and dances were the most prosperous. This refers to wonderful songs and dances. (37) Return to Heaven: It is extremely powerful and can be maneuvered at will. (38) Guan Fu: Zhong You, a general in the period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, was very brave in Ren Xia. He is a good drinker and made friends with Hou Douying of Wei. He was at odds with Tian Fen, the prime minister of Wu 'an, and was eventually framed by Tian Fen to punish the clan. See Historical Records Wei's Biography of An Hou. (39) Xiaoxiang: refers to Xiao, the word Long, Qian, Emperor Gaozu, an ancient scholar, and a prince. Emperor Han and Yuan acceded to the throne, assisted the government and served as a former general. He once called himself "preparing for the position". After being squeezed out, he drank it himself. (40) clear autumn and Yan zi: both refer to good horses. Ride in the spring breeze: ride in the spring breeze. Describe the incomparable pride. (4 1) Five Duke: Zhang Tang, Du Zhou, Xiao, Feng and Stan. They are all famous dignitaries in the Han Dynasty. (42) Festival scenery: refers to festivals and time series. (43) Jin Ling Bai Yutang: Describe the luxury house. Gu Yuefu's Hui: "Gold is the door, and white jade is the hall." (44) Yang Zi: In the Han Dynasty, Yang Xiong, the word Ziyun, was not proud of being an official in Chang 'an, and once closed the door to Tai Xuan and Fa Yan. (45) Nanshan: refers to the Zhongnan Mountain near Chang 'an. This sentence means seclusion. (46): skirt.
Guide reading
The whole poem is divided into four parts. In the first part, from "Chang 'an Avenue is narrow and narrow" to "Prostitutes bend their knees", * * * 32 sentences describe the prosperity of chariots, horses, palaces and luxury houses in Chang 'an, and rich and powerful people compete for luxury and enjoyment. The second part, from "Nocturnal Crying in Imperial Mansions" to "Singing and Dancing for the King", contains 20 sentences, focusing on street prostitutes, and draws a night tour map of various figures such as princes, generals and knights. The third part, from "not extravagant" to "only looking at the pine in front of us", turned to the situation of bureaucratic disputes and arrogant ministers. The fourth part is the last four sentences, taking the life of the poor in the Han Dynasty as the background, expressing the feeling of not meeting the needs of talents, and comparing it with the life of the rich and noble written earlier, criticizing the present world, expressing philosophy and ambition, and ending the whole article.
The theme of this poem expresses today's feelings with ancient meaning. Since the Han, Wei and Six Dynasties, there have been many works depicting the lives of wealthy families, descendants and chivalrous men with Chang 'an and Luoyang as the background. In this long seven-character ancient poem, the poet wrote his own feelings with traditional themes. It is ironic to describe the real life scene of Chang 'an in Kyoto at that time, the extravagant life and internal disputes of the powerful class with a straightforward brushwork. At the same time, it expresses loneliness and dissatisfaction, and also reveals the life philosophy of impermanence and prosperity. The language is rich and colorful, and the rendering is strong, similar to Han Fu.
?
think
1. What kind of thoughts and feelings did the poet express in this long poem "Expressing the present with ancient meaning"?
2. Which sentence in the poem do you admire most? Why?