Xi He knocked on the glass, snatched the ashes and kept flying.
The tap pours wine and invites wine stars, and the golden flute and pipa crow at night.
Dongting came to blowing sheng in the rain and got drunk on the moon.
Silver clouds comb Yao Dian Ming, and the palace gate reports six tables.
The jade phoenix in the flower building is charming and hideous, and the sea red is light and clear.
Orioles have been dancing for thousands of years.
The candle tree of the immortal is light in wax smoke, and the harp is drunk in tears.
Most of Li He's poems are imaginative, with novel ideas, strange words and rich colors. He is very good at galloping his own thinking in the image with the help of roaring imagination, bold exaggeration, beautiful myth and wonderful metaphor, which is mysterious, beautiful and unique. In the colorful Tang poetry garden, it is indeed a wonderful flower that marks the fence. His poem Drinking by the King of Qin expresses the poet's inner anguish and seclusion through the theme of chanting history. Researchers have been speculating about the theme of this poem, and there are different opinions: some people think it is "written for the first emperor"; Some people think that although the title of this poem is Drinking by the King of Qin, there is "no story about the State of Qin" in the poem, so it is wrong to draw the conclusion that it was written for the first emperor. Both Li Changji's Poems and Yao Changgu's Notes in Qing Dynasty think that the king of Qin refers to Shi Li. Others think that the King of Qin refers to Emperor Taizong and Li Shimin. During the Cultural Revolution, some people even described this poem as "shaping the heroic image of Qin Shihuang". In a word, whether it is the research method of "proving poetry with history" or using literary research as a means to serve a certain political struggle, it will bring artificial or even rude damage to a poem full of perfect artistic conception, thus reducing the aesthetic value of the poem itself. It is worth noting that in the history of China's poetry, the works praising history are often based on ancient events to express the poet's inner feelings and grievances. Therefore, Ode to an Epic is actually a kind of political lyric poem to express embrace and injustice. Of course, it is absolutely necessary to study, understand and analyze a poem according to the principle of knowing people and discussing the world. However, it is harmful to understand the poet's inner world if we blindly try to seek analogy from historical events.
Li He lived in the middle of the Tang Dynasty. At that time, class contradictions and contradictions within the ruling class were sharp and fierce, and the separatist regime, the warlord regime, and the rebellion continued, which seriously damaged social production and the people lived in dire straits. It is precisely because of this real life that in Li He's poems, the poet's strong hatred of the dark reality and his desire to change the reality show his persistent pursuit of politics and infinite longing for ideals. The poem "The King of Qin Drinking" came into being under such a historical background. The whole poem consists of fifteen sentences, which are divided into two parts. The first four sentences are fictional, describing the great achievements of a hero who manages the world. He conquered the world by force, saved people from disasters and made great achievements. With fantastic imagination and fantasy, the poet expressed the people's hopes and longings for the future in the harsh reality of separatist regime, disastrous country and people and corrupt officials. The last eleven sentences are authentic, satirizing the supreme ruler at that time, regardless of the life and death of the people, indulging in the singing and dancing in the palace day and night. In the first part of the poem, "King Qin", as a poet's aesthetic taste and subjective color, appears as a hero, while in the second part of the poem, "King Qin" becomes an indulgent and bohemian tyrant. If the image of "King Qin" screened by the poet's aesthetic experience reflects the poet's good wishes and ideals in the first part of the poem and is a heroic image created by the poet out of sympathy for the suffering people, then in the second part of the poem, the image of "King Qin" is arrogant, extravagant and violent, which just shows the euphemism and tortuous irony implied by the poet's dissatisfaction with the real rulers.
"The king of Qin rode a tiger to the octupole, with his sword shining through the sky, knocking on the sun glass, robbing the ashes and flying to the ancient and modern levels." The first four sentences of this poem describe the heroic spirit of the King of Qin and his invincible achievements. The pen and ink are concise and vivid, giving a deep impression. The first two sentences praise the protagonist Wei Zhen from all directions. Instead of writing about heroes riding horses, he wrote about heroes riding tigers, which highlighted the grandeur of the characters. The sword in his hand is shining brightly, reflecting the boundless sky with a bright blue color. The "riding a tiger" here increases the incomparable glory and majesty of the characters, and the "sword light" here sets off infinite magic colors for the characters. An imaginary hero riding a tiger stands in front of readers like a sculpture. The third sentence "xi, he is knocking on the glass" means that time passes quickly. The legendary xi, he is the god of imperial cars. The Book of Beginners quotes Huai Nan Zi Tian Zi Xun: "Stop it, rest for six days." Note: "Take the bus every day, Liulong drives, and xi will control it." It turned out that the sun was driving the six dragons to pull the cart, but the poet here turned "driving the six dragons to catch the sky" into how to drive the sky: he beat the sun, made a clear and loud glass sound, and ran quickly on the track of time. This is indeed a bold and strange imagination, because the sun shines brightly, so it is compared to shining glass, and the sound of glass is deified into the sound of hitting the sun. The fourth sentence, "robbing the ashes to fly to the ancient and modern harmony", shows from the front that all disasters have passed. The hero in the poet's mind conquered the rebellion with his just actions and powerful strength. Since then, the country is at peace and the people are at peace.
It is the second half of the poem from "lead the way and invite wine stars" to the last sentence. In this passage, the poet used a lot of pen and ink to describe the scene of Qin Wang drinking and singing and dancing. Compared with the bizarre and unconstrained style of the last paragraph, the biggest feature of this paragraph is the detailed description of banquets and songs and dances. The poet's description contains a mockery of the decadent life of the ruler.
"The faucet pours wine and invites wine stars, and the golden flute sleeps at night." Wrote the grand occasion of wine and music. The first sentence describes the wine poured from a wine vessel carved into a faucet, which can be used to entertain Dionysus in the sky. A word "diarrhea" describes the amount of drinking; The word "invitation" expresses the pride of the host of the banquet. The latter sentence is about excellent musical instruments and elegant music. The golden string pipa plays wonderful music on a quiet night. "The rain in Dongting is coming, and drinking the moon makes it retreat." The first sentence describes the sound of rain on Dongting Lake. When the wine is very strong, the host tries to drink the moon upside down in a drunken state, so as to stop the night and prevent the day from coming. "The silver clouds are bright and bright, and the palace gate reports six tables." Moonlight makes the clouds in the sky silvery white, reflecting the palace like Qionglou Yuyu. Just as people were immersed in banquets and string songs to celebrate this beautiful evening, the people who managed the palace gate came to report the dawn. "The flower building is beautiful and ugly, the sea is red and fragrant, and the orioles dance for thousands of years." Although the morning light has appeared on the horizon, the booze and dancing have not stopped. On the flower floor, the singers are still singing melodious songs. * * * Dragon gauze clothing with bright red pattern exudes beautiful fragrance. They danced and raised their glasses to wish King A Qin a long life. On the candlestick carved with immortals, there is still light smoke floating in the candle, and the maid-in-waiting who has long been conquered by sleepiness is slightly drunk and tearful.
Drinking by the King of Qin is a poem praising ancient times, which expresses the poet's inner sadness and injustice and satirizes the decadent life of the ruler. In art, the poet tries his best to express his strong and unique self-feeling with rich images. Its specific characteristics are:
First, in writing methods, because the poet mainly expresses his subjective feelings, his poems have broken through the characteristics of "harmony with reason, hierarchy and explanation" (Ye Jiaying's Broken Seven Pagoda) in narrative, lyricism, scenery and structure. The poet is unwilling to be bound by this tradition, which is manifested in the first paragraph of The King of Qin Drinking. Through imagination and fantasy, the poet uses grotesque poetic images such as "riding a tiger is difficult" and "sword light" to express the strength of the hero in his mind. The second poem satirizes the rulers at that time by satirizing modern people, describes the banquets and song and dance scenes in the palace in detail, highlights the image of an indulgent tyrant, and achieves perfect artistic effect. In the same poem, this structural feature of alternating reality and reality, as well as a romantic and realistic writing style, is the expression of the poet's strong subjective feelings.
Secondly, poets mainly express their subjective feelings. With the germination of inspiration, millions of images emerge in my mind, and countless images with rich connotations are the expression of the poet's true and unique feelings and emotions. For example, How to Knock on the Sun Glass shows the poet's unique feeling of entering the sound with sound, entering the sound with sound, and entering the painting with poetry. The word "knocking" was used on the back of the paper, which produced a sound effect. The word "drink" is used properly, which shows that the poet describes people's crazy talk scenes after being drunk from the perspective of a drunk. This description seems strange and unreasonable, but it does show a drunken man's hazy consciousness. In a word, the strangeness and strangeness of Li He's poems are closely related to his strong subjective feelings in his poems, which is also vividly expressed in the poem Drinking the King of Qin.