The national Chinese college entrance examination and the appreciation of ancient poems have been tested for seven years, and the difficulty is getting bigger and bigger, the types of questions are getting more and more perfect, and the number of questions is increasing year by year, which has become a highlight of preparing for the college entrance examination. It is an urgent task for every Chinese teacher to cultivate and improve students' ability to appreciate ancient poetry from the aspects of teaching materials, college entrance examination, inheritance and innovation of literary heritage.
So, how to cultivate students' ability to appreciate ancient poems? First of all, we should be good at guiding students to master basic appreciation methods. As the saying goes, it is better to teach people to fish than to teach them to fish.
In Chinese teaching, I mainly start from the following five aspects: 1. Taste expressive "poetic eyes" or "unforgettable eyes" For example, Li Qingzhao's "Like a Dream" "It rained suddenly and the wind suddenly last night, so you don't need residual wine for a deep sleep.
Ask the shutter man, Haitang is still there. Do you know that?/You know what? Do you know that?/You know what? It should be green, fat, red and thin. "
The whole word "poetic eye" is "green, fat, red and thin", which is very expressive. Its expressive force is embodied in its vividness and appropriateness. For example, writing leaves with the word "fat" not only means more and more, but also can be associated with moist and bright shapes, which is very accurate and concise; This is also reflected in emotional notes. For example, using the word "thin" to write flowers is not only small, but also can feel pity, and use the whole word to express sentimental emotions.
Another example is Jia Dao's "Li Ning lives in seclusion", which says, "There are few neighbors, and the grass path enters an empty garden. /The bird stopped in the tree by the pool and the monk knocked at the door.
/color separation across the bridge, moving stones and moving cloud roots. /come back here for a while, and you will keep your word during the quiet period. "
The word "you" in the title is "eye", which is the key to understanding the whole poem. Every couplet in the poem is closely linked with the word "seclusion". The first couplet is about the "seclusion" of residence: living in a corner, no one, quiet grass path and sparse empty garden.
Parallel prose and neck couplets describe the "quietness" of the environment: parallel prose is lined with sounds, birds are singing in the trees by the pool, and the old monk gently knocks on the door in the bright moonlight, all of which show the quietness of the environment; Necklace writing from night to day, or from the perspective of the environment, but the vision is much broader, across the bridge, around the boulder, along the way, everywhere quiet, full of wild interest, the poet's inner joy arises spontaneously. Couplets reveal the poet's longing for seclusion.
It can be seen that the key to reading poetry lies in grasping "poetic eyes" and "inscribing eyes". Second, analyze the ideological content of poetry.
To correctly understand the ideological content of ancient poetry, the most fundamental thing is to learn to know people and comment on the world. As Mr. Lu Xun said, "To write a paper, it is best to take the whole article, the author and their social state into account, which is more conclusive." For example, Li Qingzhao's Dream should be related to the background at that time: Li Qingzhao and Zhao Mingcheng were deeply in love, but "Yi Anshu couldn't bear to leave after a long time of not getting married" (Liu Yisheng's Song Ci), so we can understand the sentimental feelings of this word by asking questions and answering questions, and love flowers and cherish spring.
Therefore, it is essential to evaluate ancient poetry, learn to know people and discuss the world, and grasp the tone and theme of poetry as a whole. Third, explore the wonderful use of standard sentences.
Ancient poems often quote allusions and turn them into poems, which are related to rich connotations. To appreciate ancient poetry, we must understand the source and significance of allusions and poems, and explore the wonderful use of allusions and poems in ancient poetry.
For example, in Jiang Kui's "Yangzhou Slow", "After ten miles in the spring breeze, the wheat is green". In other words, Du Mu's poem "Spring Breeze Yangzhou Road Shili" was used.
Its application here makes the former prosperity of Yangzhou City in sharp contrast with the present depression, which hurts the memory of the past. Exploring the wonderful use of standardized sentences is the basis of accurately understanding ancient poetry.
Fourth, experience the expressive effect of rhetorical devices. In ancient poetry, for the needs of image and lyricism, various artistic techniques are often used to express it, among which the most important ones are metaphor, arousal, personification, exaggeration, duality, repetition and foil. If we grasp the expressive effect of these techniques, we can better understand the image of poetry and the author's feelings.
How about "Singing Willow"? "Jasper is dressed as a tree, and thousands of strands of green silk tapestries hang down. I don't know who cut the thin leaves, and the spring breeze in February is like scissors. "
The author abandons the simple and intuitive description method, breaks the traditional thinking of praising things and expressing ambitions, and creates a novel image with unique romantic color for us with strange imagination and clever metaphor. The first sentence uses "Jasper" (referring to a beautiful girl named Jasper in Yuefu's "Jasper Song") as a metaphor, which makes the poem attractive with a brand-new image at the beginning.
In the second sentence, willow twigs droop, just like a green ribbon on a girl's body, and wicker is depicted with ribbons, which highlights the characteristics of tenderness and fluttering, vividly portrays the image of spring willow as silk, and gives people a vibrant aesthetic feeling. Ask and answer the last two sentences, and praise Chunliu again with clever metaphors.
A "thin" and a "cut" depict the slender, soft, fresh and lovely leaves of the new willow in detail, revealing the author's surprise and admiration. "The spring breeze in February is like scissors". Comparing the spring breeze to the scissors in Jasper's clever hand, it turns the virtual into the real and has a strange imagination.
He compared the willow tree to a graceful girl, painted a vibrant spring scene, and showed his praise for the vitality of spring. Therefore, to appreciate ancient poetry, we must understand the rhetorical devices and the specific images it refers to in order to correctly understand and grasp the profound connotation of poetry.
Fifth, understand the artistic conception of ancient poetry. Artistic conception is the artistic realm of the work and the harmonious unity of the author's thoughts, feelings and life pictures.
Understanding the artistic conception of ancient poetry is the highest state of appreciation, which can make the appreciator enjoy beauty, cultivate emotion and purify the soul, thus actively and consciously creating and broadening the artistic realm of ancient poetry. Understanding artistic conception should pay attention to comparison, innovation and association.
For example, Lu You's "Buzuwang" and Fan Chengda's "first frost Small Horn Plum" are all based on imaginary writing, taking plum as a metaphor to express people's feelings, but their artistic conception is different. From the environmental point of view, Lu Ci chose the stormy dusk, which highlighted the bitterness of the environment and laid the "lonely" image of plum blossom. The mode words choose a moonlit environment after snow for plum blossom, which sets off the lonely image of plum blossom.
Judging from the author's emotional sustenance, after Lu Ci wrote the image of "loneliness" of plum blossom, he deepened the plum blossom with two meanings of "independence" and "similarity".
2.30 How to appreciate the allusions in ancient poetry, also known as "using things", refers to directly or indirectly quoting famous sentences, myths and legends, historical stories and other allusions in the language of poetry, so as to make the meaning of poetry more rich, implicit and profound.
There are four kinds of common ancient poetry allusions.
1. Ming Yong.
Directly quoting the original story of allusions, the poet's feelings are consistent with the allusions used. For example, Cao Cao's "Short Songs" ends with "The mountain will never be too high and the sea will never be too deep. Duke Zhou vomited, and the world returned to the heart. " When the duke of Zhou spat, the world returned to his heart. "The original poem used Ji Dan, the Duke of Zhou, to help him become a young king, saying that Duke of Zhou" spits and feeds three meals at a time, but he was still afraid of losing people in the world. "
2. secretly use it.
Indirect quoting is to integrate allusions into poetry, which is implicit and meaningful and naturally unadorned. The style of writing is smooth and coherent. When the words come out, you can understand poetry even if you don't know the allusions. It makes more sense to know that it has been published. So covert use is also called chemical use. For example, Lu Xun's famous sentence "Look at a thousand fingers coldly, bow down and be a willing ox" implies the allusion of "a willing ox". The word "Gan Niu" comes from Zuo Zhuan. According to legend, Qi Jinggong doted on his youngest son Cha in his later years and was also an obedient boy. A naughty boy wants his father to pretend to be a cow and let him play with him. Gong Jing agreed, put the rope in his mouth, put his hands on the ground, and continued to learn from Niu Jiao. Qi Jinggong was old, so he accidentally fell to the ground and knocked out a front tooth. So the story of "Gan Niu" was widely circulated. Lu Xun fully expressed his will to be a bull of the people with allusions, and expressed Mr. Lu Xun's loyalty and love for the people.
3. Side use.
It refers to the use of allusions from the side, that is, deliberately avoiding the positive and negative meanings of allusions, choosing the other side of allusions, taking advantage of the situation, insinuating and indicating the author's own intentions. Can play a key role and be concise. For example, the poem "Tian Jia" written by Mei in Song Dynasty reads like this: "Nanshan tastes beans, and the pods are broken; Empty a pile of glutinous rice, nothing to fill the oil pan. " The poem borrows from Cao Zhi's Seven Steps Poem: "Boil beans and burn them, and the beans cry in the kettle. This is the same root, and it is urgent not to speculate with each other. " Cao Zhi wrote "Seven Steps Poetry", which is about the bitterness of fighting in the same room, killing each other and rushing into it. May Yao Chen used it to describe the hardships of farmers' lives.
4. Reverse use.
That is, the original allusions are used in reverse, that is, the meaning of allusions is opposite or relative to their original intentions. By means of suggestion, contrast and contrast, the meaning of allusions is extended, pun intended. For example, there is a saying in Du Mu's Nine-Day Ascension, which says, "Since ancient times, it's just like this. Why should Niu Shan be alone?" On the surface, this poem says that he is crying, but it is actually an allusion. In the Spring and Autumn Period, Qi Jinggong arrived in Niu Shan, looked at the capital of the north and wept bitterly, sighing, "Why didn't I come here to die!" Du Mu is seldom happy. He climbed the mountain with his friends to express his feelings. He doesn't think he needs to cry alone like Qi Jinggong. He regrets the impermanence of life, which has always been the case. Who can survive? This article is quite different from Qi Jinggong's tears when he went to Niu Shan. But the poet still did not jump out of the barriers of melancholy, sadness and depression, and comforted himself with the impermanence of life. His words seem broad-minded, but in fact they are depressed and sad.
3. The role of allusions in poetry appreciation is a common expression of poets in past dynasties.
All poems cite historical facts about people, places, events and things in the past, or quoted words and beautiful sentences to express a poet's wishes or feelings and increase the image, meaning and elegance of words and expressions, or the connotation and depth of artistic conception, which are called "allusions". Allusions are also a rhetorical device in poetry, which can avoid being clear at a glance and leave room for readers to associate and think between the lines.
Indeed, clever and appropriate use of allusions can make poetry rich in meaning, concise, subtle, solemn and elegant, make expression more vivid, make poems more concise, make words near and far, subtle and euphemistic, thus improving the expressive force and appeal of works and reaching what ancient poets often say: touch the bottom! Next, I will mainly talk about four points. First, the main function of poetic allusions; Second, the main forms of allusions; Third, the method of using allusions; Fourth, we should pay attention to three issues when using allusions. First of all, let's specifically talk about the main functions of poetry allusions: First, to evaluate history and discuss the present with reference to the past.
Such as: Boqin Zhun (Du Mu) smoke cage is filled with water, moon cage sand, and night parking near Qinhuai restaurant. Strong women in business do not know how to hate their country, but still sing "backyard flowers" across the river.
The title of the poem "backyard flower" is an allusion. Chen Houzhu's Flowers in the Garden of Yushu in the Southern Dynasties was called "the voice of national subjugation" by later generations. Poets lived in the late Tang Dynasty, when the national fortune declined. These rulers did not pay attention to state affairs, but gathered in restaurants to enjoy decadent music. How can they not let the poet worry that history will repeat itself? Therefore, the poet here borrows the historical story of Chen Houzhu's national subjugation due to debauchery to satirize the wasted time of the rulers in the late Tang Dynasty.
Second, lyrical expression, showing the heart. For example, "When will Feng Tang be issued?" in Su Shi's "Hunting in Jiangchengzi Mizhou" There is an allusion in the book.
According to the biography of Han Feng Tang, Shang Wei served as the satrap in Yunzhong during the reign of Emperor Wen of Han Dynasty, and made meritorious service to Xiongnu, but he was convicted and dismissed for reporting six more heads when he made meritorious service. Later, Wendi adopted Feng Tang's suggestion and sent Feng Tang and Jeff to the cloud to pardon Shang Wei.
Here, the poet is in Michigan, and his talent is not obtained, and his ambition is hard to pay. Shang Wei speaks for itself. I hope that one day, the imperial court can also send people like Feng Tang to express their lofty aspirations. Yong Yu Le Jingkou Gu Beiting missed the past forever, and the hero could not find Sun Zhongmou.
Dancing in the pavilion, singing on the platform, wind and rain always blow away romantic feelings. The setting sun shines on the grassland covered with grass and trees. People say that this was once the place where Emperor Wu of Song lived.
Looking back, how powerful he was when he led the Northern Expedition and recovered lost ground! However, Li Liu Yi Long, the son of Liu Wang Yilong, was a great success and made a swift northern expedition. Instead, he made the Northern Wei Emperor Wu Tuoba fly south and returned to the north bank of the Yangtze River, which was severely hit by his opponent.
I have been back to the south for forty-three years, and I still remember the war scenes in Yangzhou. Looking back, there is a crow club drum under the beaver temple! Who can ask: Lian Po is too old to eat? This word uses four allusions, which are set in the canon. Let's start with Lian Po's last allusion.
Lian Po is a famous Zhao. The prince of Zhao listens to slanders and doesn't trust him. After Qin attacked Zhao, the prince of Zhao wanted to use Lian Po to send someone to know his situation.
Lian Po devoted himself to serving his country, ate a bucket of rice and ten catties of meat in front of the emissary, and mounted his horse, indicating that he could go into battle. However, when the emissary was bribed, he lied that he was cheap, but the prince of Zhao thought he was cheap and old, so he didn't have to. The word is summarized as "Who asked, can Lian Po still eat when he is old?" In this way, I can express my grief and indignation that I want to serve my country but I am not asked or even slandered by a villain.
It can also be seen that poets often criticize rulers because they can't say it directly, but using allusions is the best way.
4. How to appreciate the use of allusions in poetry is a common expression of poets in past dynasties.
All poems quoted historical facts about people, places, events and things in the past, or quoted words and beautiful sentences to express the poet's wishes or feelings, and to increase the image, meaning and elegance of words and phrases, or the connotation and depth of artistic conception, are called "allusions". Allusions are also a rhetorical device in poetry, which can avoid being clear at a glance and leave room for readers to associate and think between the lines.
Clever and appropriate use of allusions can make poetry rich in meaning, concise, implicit, solemn and elegant, make expression more vivid, make poetry more concise, make words near and far, implicit and euphemistic, thus improving the expressive force and appeal of works. The function of allusions is 1. Comment on history and discuss the present with reference to the past.
Park Qin Zhun (Du Mu) smoke cage is stuffed with water and moon sand, and Park Qinhuai is near the restaurant at night. Businessmen don't know how to hate their country, but they still sing "backyard flowers" across the river.
The title of the poem "backyard flower" is yushu backyard flower written by Chen Houzhu Tour Guide, which is called "the voice of national subjugation" by later generations. Poets lived in the late Tang Dynasty, when the national fortune declined. These rulers did not pay attention to state affairs, but gathered in restaurants to enjoy decadent music. How can they not let the poet worry that history will repeat itself? Therefore, the poet here borrows the historical story of Chen Houzhu's national subjugation due to debauchery to satirize the wasted time of the rulers in the late Tang Dynasty.
2. Lyric expression, showing the heart. Su Shi's "When will Feng Tang be born?" There is an allusion in the book.
According to the biography of Han Feng Tang, Shang Wei served as the satrap in Yunzhong during the reign of Emperor Wen of Han Dynasty, and made meritorious service to Xiongnu, but he was convicted and dismissed for reporting six more heads when he made meritorious service. Later, Wendi adopted Feng Tang's suggestion and sent Feng Tang and Jeff to the cloud to pardon Shang Wei.
Here, the poet is in Michigan, and his talent is not obtained, and his ambition is hard to pay. Shang Wei speaks for itself. I hope that one day, the imperial court can also send people like Feng Tang to express their lofty aspirations. 3. Advocating association and innovating artistic conception.
Broken array (Xin Qiji) drunk watching the sword, dreaming of blowing the horn. Eight hundred miles to divide the main fire, fifty strings to turn over the Great Wall, and the enemy is on the battlefield in autumn.
Horses run like Ma Delu, bows and arrows fly like thunder. It is a good idea for the emperor to complete the great cause of recovering the lost land of the country and gain a good reputation from generation to generation.
It's in vain. The words "800 Li" and "Delu" involve two allusions: First, according to Shi Shuo Xin Yu, Jin and Wang Ji bet on the "800 Li refutation" of cattle. After Ji Wang won, he killed the cow and roasted it. Later generations referred to it as 800 Li.
Second, it is said that the deer and horse that Liu Bei once rode jumped off the Tanxi River in the west of Xiangyang City and was out of danger. Using these two allusions to create a magnificent artistic conception, readers can't help but see the spectacular scene of rewarding soldiers before the war broke out and the fierce scene of iron-blooded soldiers flying over the enemy lines on the battlefield, which is very penetrating.
4. Concise and informative. Liu Yuxi's "The First Banquet in Yangzhou to Enjoy Lotte" says "Homesickness is empty, playing the flute. Returning home is like a rotten ke. Here, two allusions are used to express his feelings of returning after being demoted for more than 20 years, namely, playing flute with Xiang embroidery and meeting immortals with Wang Zhi.
"Wendy Fu" implied dissatisfaction with the persecution of the old friend by the rulers at that time, and expressed deep nostalgia for the old friend. It is implied that he has been relegated by "rotten ke" for too long, and this time he came back as if it was a lifetime ago, and he felt completely different in personnel. This is no longer the past. Fourteen short words express such complicated feelings, which is the charm of allusions.
At the same time, we can also see that the allusion also makes the poetry antithesis neat, harmonious in rhyme and rigorous in structure. While increasing the connotation of poetry, it also increases the neatness of its appearance.
5. Appreciation and quotation of Li Shangyin's Untitled Poetry This poem is full of pain, disappointment, lingering and persistent feelings from beginning to end. Every couplet in the poem is a reflection of this emotional state, but the specific artistic conception of each couplet is different.
They repeatedly show the complex emotions throughout the poem from different sides, and at the same time reflect the psychological process with this complex emotion as its content vertically with their close connection. This continuous, implicit and profound lyricism successfully reproduces the deep affection in my heart.
Li Shangyin had similar descriptions in the first, third, fourth and fifth sentences of his previous poetry creation. The poet was inspired, inherited and used for reference by his predecessors.
However, he did not simply imitate his predecessors, but took a big step forward with high creativity, transforming the original simple means of expression into more tortuous and vivid, so as to reflect richer and deeper thoughts and feelings. In fact, he has removed the old traces and become a new creation. It can be seen that the poet's rich literary accomplishment and exploration of artistic conception and means of expression are important conditions for the success of this poem.
6. What are the common allusions in the appreciation of Chinese poetry in the college entrance examination? It refers to expressing feelings in poetry by borrowing historical stories or fairy tales. There is another saying, that is, borrowing or inspiring the excellent poems of predecessors to express emotions, also known as allusions. So some poets use a lot of allusions and pile up allusions. Thus, a kind of heap code is formed. It is puzzling to pile up allusions. Some people say that this is not a good practice, but a deliberate display of erudition.
Not exactly.
Xin Qiji's ci is the most frequently quoted.
He Xinlang-listening to partridges in green trees is even more impressive. The partridge stopped and the cuckoo cut it! When I cry in spring and have nowhere to go, I hate straw and rest. If I don't leave before the world, I will immediately close the pipa and plug it in black. Even Cui will say goodbye to Jin Que, see Yan Yan and see my concubine. This general has been through many battles and gained a great reputation. He turned to He Liang and Wan Li, so his old friends often died. Xiao Xiao Xiao Xiao's west wind is cold, the house is full of clothes like snow, and the sad songs of strong men are unclear. Crying birds know how annoying they are, but they don't cry. They often cry and bleed. Who * * * me, drunk on the moon.
A * * * used seven allusions.
1, "Turn off the pipa at once and seal the black"-Wang Zhaojun's marriage to Xiongnu and his marriage story. Wang Mingjun word order
2. "More Cuinian Golden Que ——" —— The story of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty being thrown into the palace.
3. "Seeing my concubine off"-the story of Zhuang Jiang, the queen of Wei. Book of Songs. Yan Yan
4. "A general has been through many battles-an old friend often dies"-the allusion of Li Ling, a general of the Western Han Dynasty, and Su Wu.
5. "The water is rustling-the sad song is unknown"-the allusion of Jing Ke stabbing Qin. history
6. "Birds crow-often cry blood"-the story of Du Yu, the emperor of Shu, becoming a cuckoo crying blood after his death.
7. "Who * * * me, * * the bright moon" —— With the poetic features of Li Bai's Preface to Spring Night in Peach and Plum Garden and Letter to Meng Haoran.
Many ancient poets wrote poems with allusions, so I won't list them here. But in ci, Xin Qiji used the most allusions. If you can check Xin.
In addition, Yuan Sanqu allusions are also very common.
7. Appreciation and quotation of Li Shangyin's Untitled Poetry This poem is full of pain, disappointment, lingering and persistent feelings from beginning to end. Every couplet in the poem is a reflection of this emotional state, but the specific artistic conception of each couplet is different. They repeatedly show the complex emotions throughout the poem from different sides, and at the same time reflect the psychological process with this complex emotion as its content vertically with their close connection. This continuous, implicit and profound lyricism successfully reproduces the deep affection in my heart.
Li Shangyin had similar descriptions in the first, third, fourth and fifth sentences of his previous poetry creation. The poet was inspired, inherited and used for reference by his predecessors. However, he did not simply imitate his predecessors, but took a big step forward with high creativity, transforming the original simple means of expression into more tortuous and vivid, so as to reflect richer and deeper thoughts and feelings. In fact, he has removed the old traces and become a new creation. It can be seen that the poet's rich literary accomplishment and exploration of artistic conception and means of expression are important conditions for the success of this poem.
8. Appreciate any two Tang poems with allusions, including nearly 50 points for wine. Explain wine poems. Can't you see that the surging water of the Yellow River seems to fall from the sky? It rolled eastward and ran to the East China Sea, never to return.
Didn't you see, looking in the mirror in the high hall, sighing deeply at the white hair? My hair is still full in the morning, but it becomes like snow at night. Therefore, when you are proud of your life, you should enjoy yourself and never let the golden cup be empty to the bright moon.
Since God has made me a pillar, I will be useful. Even if I use up 2000 gold coins, I will get it back. Let's enjoy cooking sheep and slaughtering cattle. When we meet today, we really have to drink 300.
Master Cen, Dan Qiusheng, drink quickly and don't stop. I'll sing you a song. Please listen to me carefully. It is not precious to enjoy the luxurious life of rich food in the sound of bells and drums. I hope I will never get drunk or wake up.
Since ancient times, those sages have felt lonely, and only those who send love and wine can leave a good reputation. In the past, Chen Wang Cao Zhi gave a big banquet in heirakuji, and although a barrel of wine was worth 1000 yuan, he drank it casually.
Master, why do you say there is not much money? Go and buy wine, and we'll drink enough together. Bring in the precious five-legged horse, take out the expensive golden retriever and replace it with wine. Let's * * * together to melt this endless eternal sadness! Appreciating poetry and prose is a great pleasure in life, and it coincides with the shortage of talents, so I express my feelings about wine and poetry incisively and vividly.
The poet's emotion and literary thought are unstoppable at this moment; Like a river flowing into the sea. Time goes by, like a river entering the sea, which is gone forever; Life is too short to see the blue silk and snow in the morning and evening; The smallness of life seems to be an irreparable tragedy, and the only thing that can solve the worries is golden wine.
This is Li Bai's sadness: sad but strong, sad but not hurt, extremely indignant and extremely bold. The table is lamenting that life is easy to get old, and the table is lamenting that talents are not met.
The disillusionment of the ideal is caused by the dark society, and the poet is powerless to change it, so he turns the rising anger into a bold act of enjoyment, vents his dissatisfaction, dispels his worries and resists reality. The whole article is full of ups and downs, and poetry suddenly unfolds, from sadness to joy, to madness, to anger, and then to madness. In the end, it boils down to "eternal hatred". In response to the beginning of the article, like the running of a river, it can carry a tripod.
The whole poem is full of five tones, with uneven sentence patterns and extraordinary weather. This article is as ingenious as a ghost axe, enough to shake the earth and make the gods cry. It is the pinnacle of the poet Li Bai.
"The husband of heaven and earth, the inverse of everything; Time flies, one hundred generations fly "(Preface to the Spring Banquet in Taoliyuan). Although sadness is inevitable, pessimism is not close to Li Bai's nature. In his view, as long as "life is proud", there is no regret and you should indulge in joy.
Five or six sentences are reversed, from "sadness" to "joy". From then on, until "the cup never stops", poetry gradually became wild.
"When you reach your destiny, you don't worry when you are free. You can climb the stairs with wine" ("Song of Liangyuan"), and you can't eat, drink and be merry without wine. This is the topic. But what is in the cup is not written directly in the sentence, but expressed in the image language of "golden urn" and "moon", which is not particularly vivid and makes drinking poetic; If you don't write directly, you will drink and party. Don't write directly, but use the double negative expressions of "don't make" and "empty", which is more focused.
"Oh, let a man with spirit take risks where he likes" seems to advocate the idea of "eat, drink and be merry", but it is only a phenomenon. Has the poet ever been "proud"? "The phoenix blooms purple mud at the beginning, and the emperor calls it a royal banquet" ("Yu Hu Yin")-it seems to be proud; However, this is just an illusion, "I want to go home, there is no fish to eat, and I don't think about courtesy for weeks"-this seems to be not pride, but disappointment and indignation.
But are you depressed? No. Therefore, the poet affirmed his life and himself in an optimistic and competitive tone: "Since God has given talents, let them be used!" This is a word that makes people applaud.
"Useful" and "necessary", how confident! Like a declaration of human values, this person-"I"-must be capitalized. Here, from the seemingly negative phenomenon, there is a hidden and eager positive essential content.
"I will ride the wind and waves one day", why not drink and sing for such a future! Spending money is nothing-"spin a thousand pieces of silver and come back all!" ! "This is another amazing word of high self-confidence, which can drive money instead of being made by money, which really surprises all ordinary people. Poetry is like a man, thinking that the poet "traveled in less than a year and scattered more than 300,000 yuan" ("Pei Chang Shang An Shi") is how heroic.
Therefore, the lofty sentiments deeply embedded in the bones are by no means posturing. The author describes a grand banquet in this style, which is by no means "Do you want one dish or two dishes?" Do you want a pot of wine or two pots? "But" cooking sheep and slaughtering cattle "from the beginning, and never stop until you drink" three hundred cups ".
What a feast, what a magnificent poem! At this time, wild feelings tend to climax and the melody of poetry accelerates. The poet's dizziness and feverish drunkenness suddenly appeared on the paper, making people feel as if they heard him loudly exhort wine: "Thank you, Dan Qiusheng, just enter the bar and don't stop drinking!" The sudden addition of several short sentences not only changed the rhythm of poetry, but also forced Xiao to speak loudly.
He is not only a bosom friend, but also a drinking opponent. Not only "get carried away", the poet even forgot that he was writing a poem, and the poem he wrote seemed to restore life. He also thought, "Let me sing you a song! Please listen to me. " The following eight sentences are songs in the poem.
The idea is so strange that it is a stroke of genius. "Zhong Gu Yu" means a rich life (when the rich people eat, the bells ring and the food is as beautiful as jade), but the poet thinks it is not expensive enough and declares that "I hope I will never wake up after being drunk".
At this point, poetry has obviously changed from wild to angry. There are not only drunken ravings, but also drunken confessions.
Taking "I" as a naturally useful talent should have been in the position of prime minister, but "the road is as wide as the sky, and there is no way out" ("Difficult to Walk"). It is out of indignation to say that wealth is not expensive enough.
The following "the ancient sober, the sages are forgotten" is also angry words. The poet once lamented that "Ge alone can't control it", so the ancients were "lonely" and showed their own "loneliness".
So I want to stay drunk. Here, the poet poured his own wine from an ancient wine glass.
When it comes to "only drinkers leave their names", he is represented by "Wang Chen" Cao Zhi. And use his "famous capital" to "go back to the banquet for fun and fight for thousands of people."