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Analysis:
Widow in the Mountains Du Xunhe The husband defended Pengmao because of the soldiers, and his clothes and temples were burnt. After the mulberry trees are abandoned, they still pay taxes, and after the fields are deserted, they still collect seedlings. Sometimes you pick wild vegetables and roots and boil them, and spin the firewood with leaves to cook. No matter how deep the mountain is, there should be no way to avoid the corvee. This poem reveals the face of society at that time through the tragic fate of a typical character such as the widow in the mountains, and the language is extremely sad and indignant. At the end of the Tang Dynasty, the imperial court and warlords fought for years, resulting in the tragedy of "all the people in the world being killed in ten years" ("Crying Bei Tao"), and "the birds in the mountains are killing the people" ("Snow in the Mountains") The situation has brought great disaster to the people. The poem "The husband defended Pengmao because of the war" was written from this era of war and chaos, and summarizes the unfortunate experience of this peasant woman: the war took away her husband, forcing her to be alone and flee into the mountains and ruins. Live in a hut. The sentence "The clothes on the lining and the hair on the temples are burnt" captures the details of "clothing" and "hair on the temples" that can best reveal the essence of the character, and concisely and vividly depicts the poor and painful image of the widow: wearing rough linen clothes, with withered and yellow temples. , with a haggard face, and his appearance conveys his spirit. From the following descriptions of "picking wild vegetables" and "twirling firewood", it is obvious that the widow in the mountains is still a young and middle-aged woman. It is said that her hair on the temples should be beautiful, but due to the hardship, her temples have long been browned and withered. , looks old. The concise portrait description highlights the character's inner pain and describes her troubled life experience. However, for such a lonely and pitiful widow, the ruling class did not let go of the exploitation of her, and the methods were so cruel: "After the mulberry trees were abandoned, they still paid taxes, and when the fields were deserted, they still collected seedlings." The "taxation" here , refers to the payment of silk tax: "Zhou Miao" refers to the collection of young crop tax. This is a land tax added in the second year of Daizong Guangde. It is called because it is levied before the grain is mature. In ancient times, mulberry farming was the basis. Due to the destruction of the war, the mulberry forests were cut down and the fields were deserted. However, the government, regardless of the people's life and death, continued to impose taxes and "recruit seedlings." How can this lonely and poor widow make a living due to cruel tax exploitation? "Sometimes she picks wild vegetables and roots to cook, and spins them into raw firewood to burn with the leaves." From time to time, she digs up wild vegetables and cooks them with the roots. It is also difficult to burn firewood at ordinary times, and she has to "burn with the leaves" to burn raw firewood. . These two sentences use a double emphasis. Through this artistic emphasis, they exaggerate the unimaginable plight of the widow in the mountain. Finally, facing the dark reality that the people are in dire straits, the poet expresses deep emotion: "No matter how deep the mountain is, there should be no way to avoid conscription." There are poisonous snakes and beasts in the mountains, which are a great threat to people. The widow could not bear the oppression of heavy taxes and was forced to flee into the mountains. However, the claws of exploitation are pervasive, and even if one escapes "deeper into the mountains," it is difficult to escape the trap of taxes and corvee. The two related words "Ren Shi" and "Yei Ying" are used very well. It can be seen that the poet's brushstrokes reveal the evil nature of the feudal rulers like a dagger. Poetry is inspired by emotion and touches the reader's heartstrings with emotion. "The Widow of the Mountain" is touching because it is rich in emotion. But the poem is not directly lyrical, but resorts to emotions in the depiction of the fate of the characters. The poet wrote the widow's suffering to the extreme, creating a strong tragic atmosphere, so that the people's pain and the poet's emotions were naturally revealed through the description of life scenes, creating a touching artistic power. Finally, the poem arouses emotion based on the image description, and leads the reader's sight to a broader realm. It not only allows people to see the suffering of a widow in the mountains, but also makes people imagine the suffering of more people who share the same fate as the widow. suffering. This exposes cruel exploitation on a larger scale and to a deeper extent, deepens the theme, and makes the poem's implications deeper.