original text
Silly children don't do official business, and they rely on yat sen villa for quick things. Qian Shan has a vast sky, and Chengjiang has a bright moon.
Zhu Xian is already a beauty, and her young eyes are chatting with wine. Wan Li returned to the ship to play the flute, which is why we made an alliance with Bai Ou. [Edit this paragraph] About the author: Huang Tingjian (1045- 1 105), whose real name was Fu Weng, also known as Huang, [1] was born in Fenning, Hongzhou (now xiushui county, Jiangxi). Poets, poets and calligraphers in the Northern Song Dynasty were the founders of Jiangxi Poetry School. Yingzong Zhiping for four years (1067), Jinshi. Professor Ye Xianwei from Beijing, Professor Lang Xianping from imperial academy, School Book Lang, Cao Zuolang, Secretary Cheng, Fuzhou Biejia, Guizhou Resettlement House, etc. Zhe is known as "proofreader" and "collator". Hou Zhuo lives in the house. Shao Shengchu's new party called it "pseudo" to compile history, demoted Fuzhou (now Fuling, Chongqing) and moved Rongzhou (now Yibin, Sichuan) to Guizhou and other places. Hui Zongchu, Yizhou was detained. Song Yingzong was a scholar in four years of Pingping, and Shao Shengchu was demoted because he was a proofreader. Later, when the new party came to power, it was repeatedly relegated and died in Yizhou (now Yishan, Guangxi).
Good at writing, poetry, especially calligraphy. The poetic style is strange, thin and hard, and it is difficult to get rid of vulgar habits and create a generation of ethos. In his early years, he was known by Su Shi, and he was also called "Four Bachelor of Su Men" with, Chao and Qin Guan. Poetry and Su Shi are also called "Su Huang", and there is also The Collected Works of Mr. Huang. Along with Qin Guan, there are also "Guqin Interesting Tales" and "Mr. Huang's Ci". Ci is romantic and heroic, close to Su Shi, and is the ancestor of Jiangxi Poetry School. Chao Bu Zhi said: "Lu Zhi's interplay of small words is solid and wonderful, but he is not a language expert, so he sings good poems in his own tone." (See "The Poet's Jade Chips") There are many other slang words that cannot be avoided. There is "Valley Ci", also known as "Valley Qin Interesting Chapter". The main ink marks are Song Fengge Poetry, Hua Yanshu, Jingfubo Temple, Duxi, Li Bai's Nostalgia for Ancient Poems and Kuzhun Fu. For book reviews, see Jin Lun Book, On Books, He Qingfang and Shi Gu Tang Shu Hua Ji. Huang Tingjian is one of the "Four Bachelor of Su Men". His poetic style is peculiar and thin, trying to get rid of the habit of belittling vulgarity. Advocate a generation of ethos and be the originator of Jiangxi poetry school. Exquisite calligraphy, and Su, Mi and Cai are also called "". Ci is as famous as Qin Guan, but its artistic achievements are not as good as Qin Guan. In his later years, he had a close relationship with Su Shi, with a thin style of ci, deep feelings, bold and elegant, and sometimes brilliant.
When Fu Yuanyuan lived in Rongzhou in the Northern Song Dynasty, he imitated the artistic conception of "winding water and flowing clouds" in Wang Xizhi's Preface to the Orchid Pavilion, and carved a stone to drink water as a pool in the northern suburb of Yibin today, which is called "flowing cup pool".
Writing background
In the fifth year of Yuanfeng in Song Shenzong (1082), Huang Tingjian was appointed as the magistrate of Taihe County in Jizhou (now Taihe County in Jiangxi Province). Poets often go to Kuaige in their spare time, which is named after the scenery of Tsinghua on Chengjiang River ("Qing Yi governs Ji 'an House"). This famous tune is to write out what you have seen and felt temporarily. It embodies the poet's aesthetic taste and artistic thought, so it is often cited as a representative by critics. [Edit this paragraph] Note [1] The Acura Pavilion is located on the Dongjiang River in Taihe County (now Jiangxi Province) of Jizhou, and is famous for its vast scenery and Tsinghua. This poem was written in the fifth year of Yuanfeng (1082), and the author was appointed Taihe Ling.
[2] Idiot: The author refers to himself. Jin Shu? 6? 1 Fu Xian biography of Yang Ji and Fu Xian Shu Yun: "There must be a little in the world, and everything goes well." If you are crazy, you have an official position, and the official position is not easy. If you are crazy, you will hear it again soon. "This is the view of the speaker who advocated making it clear at that time and opposed pragmatism. They think that people who are bent on doing their official duties well are "idiots", and Huang Tingjian uses his meaning to praise himself as "idiots" here.
[3] This refers to the visit from east to west.
[4] Zhu Xian sentence: "Lv Chunqiu? 6? 1 Benwei: "When Zhong Ziqi died, Boya broke the piano and lost the strings. He never played the piano again in his life, thinking that the world was not enough to be a drummer. "Zhu Xian: This refers to Qin. Beauty: beauty, extended to confidant and bosom friend.
[5] "Qing Yan" sentence: "Jin Shu? 6? 1 Ruan Ji Chuan: "(Ruan) Ji can also have blue eyes. When you meet people with customs, you can take a look for nothing. Ji Lai hanged himself, lost his eyes and retired with joy. I'm glad my brother Kang heard about it, but it's because of the wine and the piano. I'm glad, but I saw it. "Green eyes: that is, black eyes in the middle, looking at each other.
[6] Alliance with Bai Ou: According to Liezi? 6? Huangdi (1): "People at sea love birds. Those who swim from the sea of every denier to the top of the sea will stay for a hundred times." His father said,' I heard that all the birds swam past you, so you brought them to play with me.' In tomorrow's sea, ostriches can dance without falling down. "Later generations swear by gulls that there is no machine, which means unprofitable heart, so as to retire. [Edit this paragraph] Ancient and modern comments 1. The poem Dengkuaige in the valley says, "The sky is far away from Qian Shan, and Chengjiang is clear in January. "However, although the languages of' big' and' clear' are novel, they are actually villain languages. (Zhang Jie's Poems of Cold Hall)
2. "In the Valley of the Song Dynasty, we have to be careless and eccentric. With its artistic conception, it can really reveal the mysteries of ancient and modern times. And the poem "Deng Pian Ge" is also one of them. Gu Xiao is the language of children. I don't know where such a child can have such a mind.
(Zhang's Collection of Yan Lu Studies)
3. Start with four sentences, describe and write, and go straight to awe. Five or six sentences are popular. It is the so-called "one-way" in the lovers' row. (Fang Zhao Wei, Volume 20)
This poem is unconstrained and unconstrained, clear as words, but without twists and turns, showing the simple style of Huangshi. (Hu Xiaoming, Qin Jingmei, "Song Dynasty Poetry Review")
Make an appreciative comment
Generally speaking, the beginning of an article or poem is often so difficult that some writers often cut it off, because at the beginning, the author has not integrated with the situation of the work, so it is easy to pose. Huang's poems begin with colloquial expressions, but they can be wonderfully conceived and fascinating. The poet said, I, fool, boarded the express booth after finishing my official business. In the afterglow of sunset, I leaned against the fence and looked out. These two sentences, seemingly simple and popular, contain extremely rich contents: the first sentence is based on a sentence by Xia Houdun in Fu Xianchuan, the Book of Jin, "It is not easy to be an official although having children is crazy." "If you sit in a daze, you will hear it again soon!" The latter sentence uses Du Fu's "Pay attention to Leng Jiang's leaning against the mountain pavilion" and Li Shangyin's "The eternal chastity soul leans against the sunset glow", and there are many amazing transformations. The word "idiot" reverses the meaning of predecessors and directly admits that he is "idiot", which is one of humor; The word "let it go" renders the poet's happy mood of relief, echoes the "fast" darkness of "fast songs" and increases the sense of unity. This is the second wonderful use; The word "leaning on yat sen villa" is beyond the previous stereotype. The "leaning" and leaning against the mountain pavilion in Du Fu's poems are plain descriptions of the real situation; Li's "leaning", whose theme is "eternal chastity soul", is an illusory reality; The "leaning" of Huang's poems can be described as the combination of reality and reality; The poet's leaning is a real scene, but he leans on the boundless twilight sky. Look at these three schools, just like an artistic photography. In the afterglow of the sunset, poets and pavilions are behind them. ......
What's more, the word "leaning on yat sen villa" paved the way for the description of the next sentence, which made the poet generate give a swan song of "the mountains in front are vast and the moon is bright in the chengjiang River". Looking at countless autumn mountains from afar, the fallen leaves on the mountains have fallen, and the vast sky is wider at this time. Clear as jade, the Chengjiang River flows under the pavilion, and a crescent moon is reflected on the river, which is even more ethereal and clear. This is a description of the scenery the poet visited when he first boarded the pavilion, and it is also a portrayal of the poet's mind. Reading such poems can't help but remind people of Du Fu's famous sentences: "Leaves are falling like a waterfall, but I think the long river is always rolling in" and Xie Tiao's "Yu Xia is scattered into Qi, and Chengjiang is as clean as practice". And this sentence of Huang Gu not only absorbs the nutrients of predecessors to exercise and melt, but also represents a new realm. Therefore, predecessors have commented on this sentence: "Its artistic conception is epoch-making, so it can really split the secrets of ancient and modern times." (Zhang "Lu Zhai Xue Ji Ji Ji")
Five or six sentences are the middle sentences in which the poet skillfully uses allusions. In the previous sentence, I thanked my bosom friend with Boya holding the piano. "Lu Chunqiu's original taste" contains: "If you die, you will lose your piano and string, and you will never play the piano for life, thinking that the world is not enough to be a drummer." The last sentence uses Ruan Ji's blue eyes. Historically, Ruan Ji was good at blue eyes. "When you see people with customs, you should look at them with white eyes." See the person you like "jealous" (Biography of Ruan Ji in the Book of Jin). The poet's two sentences mean that because my bosom friend was absent, I broke the Zhu string on the piano and stopped playing, so I had to clear a bottle of wine to relieve my worries. The word "horizontal" is used incisively and vividly here, showing the image of the poet's helplessness, loneliness and boredom.
The poet said that he hoped to board the boat, play the melodious flute and return to his distant hometown-my heart, which had already made a covenant with Bai Ou. Judging from the structure of the whole poem, the ending is quite wonderful: first of all, the poet talks about "giving up his official duties for idiots", showing his boredom with his official career and his desire to climb the pavilion to enjoy the natural scenery; Then, gradually getting better, the poet was intoxicated by the beautiful moonlight in Qian Shan and Chengjiang, which was in sharp contrast with the "ending" of the beginning "business"; In the beautiful scenery, the worries in the poet's heart come for no reason, and the poet feels the pain that his ambition cannot be realized and his heart is not understood. So where is the way out? This naturally leads to the poets' thoughts of "returning to the ship" and "Bai Ou". This ending not only echoes the beginning, but also ends with the trend, giving people a feeling of "hovering down in one breath" (Pan Boying's comments). And it is meaningful and imaginative.
This poem was highly praised by later generations. Yao Nai called this poem "majestic and rhythmic, this move is too white, and it is sung in seven methods"; Fang commented: "start with four sentences, write them, one sentence is expensive, and five or six sentences are vulgar." Relax. This so-called "one-way street" is the combination of couples. " These comments are very pertinent. Weng Fanggang commented on the poem of Huangshan Canyon like this: "Apart from Pogong, there is such an extremely high power, an extremely great realm, and the vitality of nature is exhausted." Reciting this poem is well deserved.
Huang Tingjian wrote poems in order to learn from Du Fu and his "clumsy sentences". It also advocates "one word does not agree" and "turning iron into gold" and "taking fetus as bone", forming a unique "valley body" Works embodying its characteristics, such as:
Wu Shi likes it very much, so don't send cows to grind their horns. The bull has a beautiful horn, but the bull is against me. ("herding cattle with bamboo stones")
Appreciation of "the sky in front of the mountain is high and the clouds are light, and the river is bright and bright"
"Looking at the mountain, the trees are rustling. The sky is high and the clouds are light, overlooking the river, and the moonlight on the river is bright.
This kind of scene shows the poet's boredom with officialdom life and his pleasure in blending into nature.