In this way, Mu Dan left many remarkable poems, but at the same time, few poets had unusual experiences. For a long time in the past, Mu Dan was once forgotten by the dust of history. However, when it disappeared,
Go ahead, a serious star finally shows his light. Mu Dan (19 18- 1977)
Formerly known as Cha, Tianjin native, ancestral home in Haining, Zhejiang. 1935, Mu Dan 17 was admitted to the Foreign Languages Department of Tsinghua University. Two years later, in July of 1937, War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression broke out in an all-round way. Mu Dan became a nursing team.
Member, moved south to Changsha with his alma mater. 1938, Peking University, Tsinghua University and Nankai University moved from Changsha to Kunming to form the National Southwest Associated University Mu Dan, and his teachers and classmates walked through Hunan, Guizhou and Yunnan provinces.
It took 68 days to walk 3500 miles. Mudan left the "fishnet-like city" and walked through "dense tung trees, masson pine and rich hilly areas". At the Prince's Temple, he saw and smelled "the appearance of thin cows".
The smell of dirt and feces ",he pays attention to" the broad masses of China people ","they struggle and multiply with sweat! "The experience of the Western Expedition made Mudan more sympathetic to the land and people, and his poems also showed
Deep concern for the fate of the country, the nation and even all mankind.
The poem "Praise" was written in 194 1 year1February. The whole poem is divided into four sections, just like four movements of a symphony, full of passion. The poet begins with this
We have built a rich image group: mountains, rivers, grasslands, villages, crows, barking dogs, desolate land, dry wind, water flowing eastward and melancholy forests. It seems that we shot from the sky with a video camera and saw an abnormal Liao.
Vast but devastated land. Then, the poet told us countless stories buried in the past years from a historical perspective. This is just an endless disaster. Beautiful love was silent, and the eagle flying in the sky sank.
Silently, this endless suffering has dried up tears. If we can shed excited tears again one day, it is worth looking forward to. Facing this land and the suffering people living in it, the poet is full of deep love. This kind of love is exciting
Touched "I", "I have too many words and too long feelings", "I want to hug you with everything, you,
/There are people everywhere,/people who live in shame, rickets patients ". They were ragged, hunchbacked, hungry and waiting in the cold wind. Due to the poet's unusual experience, he and He
Children have feelings and experience, and he suffers with them. The strong emotion made the poet make such a sound: "I want to hug you one by one with blood-stained hands." &; Because a nation has risen.
Let's go The Rise of a Nation expresses the poet's prayer to the motherland and people. It is the emotional main line of the whole poem.
In the second section, the author focuses on farmers, because in China, farmers
Represents the majority of people. They worked hard on the land and made a living. A series of antonyms in the poem highlight their living conditions. For example, he is a "child" and a "father", the life of this generation.
The burden is heavy. "How many dynasties have risen and fallen beside him,
/Put hope and disappointment on him. "With the passage of time, generations of people full of good hopes finally fell into disappointment, all of which weighed heavily on him and formed deeper suffering. "And he will never say nothing.
Rotating behind the plow,/lifting the same soil that dissolved his ancestors,
/The image of the same suffering is fixed on the roadside. Here, the poet used a series of very dignified words such as "forever", "unchanged" and "frozen" to describe the image of people in front of suffering-he was silent. In the end,
In the sharp contrast between the never-ending streamer and the unchanging reality, the sufferings and perseverance of farmers in China are highly concentrated, and the image of a victim is fixed in the picture of history.
"On the main road, people are talking, shouting and in high spirits.
/However, he didn't. He just put down his old hoe. /Once again, he believed in nouns and melted into the love of the public. /firmly, he watched himself dissolve into death. /And this road is infinitely long. /and he can't flow.
With tears,
He didn't cry because a nation has risen. "This poem was written in the stalemate stage of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression. At the beginning of the war, the whole nation was in a spiritual carnival of "Utopia of War", and so was the literary and art circles.
That's true. At that time, there were "too many passionate lines, and there was no basis in the depths of reason" (1). Many people naively think that war can purify everything. In fact, the young Mu Dan also experienced the process of growing up. In a song,
In the lost poem 1939 Kunming Torch Parade, Mu Dan wrote, "The motherland is singing, the fire of the motherland is burning, and the new wild forces are pouring out the laughter of the motherland.
/Boom,/Boom, Boom, Boom-Cities are in ruins, houses collapse,/Old people die, and young people have nothing;
/The motherland is singing, facing powerful enemies,/hit the floor's laughter, one column, one column, one column; /Boom, boom, boom, boom-/(I saw the sunshine lighting up Yuan Ye, warm Yuan Ye and green.
Vilen, vilen full of flowers), obviously, this kind of warm cry and emotional development is far from the overall style of Mu Dan's poetry. Therefore, Mu Dan has reason to cancel his qualification as a "poem" and exclude him.
However, one year passed, and in the second half of 1940, Mu Dan graduated from National Southwest Associated University and taught at Xuyong Branch, where he had more opportunities to get in touch with the world and gradually formed his own skepticism.
One year's social unrest, the Southern Anhui Incident, the fall of Hong Kong and the British blockade of the Yunnan-Myanmar Highway all deepened Mu Dan's thoughts. "Talking, shouting and having fun" on the road can no longer be easily realized.
Excited him, but made him realize that the process of individual dissolving in "public love" may actually be "dissolving in death" People choose to fight in the midst of suffering, but the road is long and arduous. They must endure.
Suffering from hunger, fatigue and pain, and even facing death at any time, can not be covered by a few simple inspiring slogans. The poet is full of admiration and sympathy for the people's efforts, but at the same time he is unfair to the war and is famous for his "name"
The word "public love" is used to keep alert. This is Mu Dan's profound point. The poet used the poem "A nation has risen" for the second time here, and his feelings were even more dignified. It shows the disapproval of the Chinese nation.
Qu and the great course of Chinese children from suffering to struggle.
"Surrounded by mountains and under the blue sky,
/The deepest sorrow is hidden in the deep valley. "In the third quarter, the poet pushed the camera behind the farmer and extended the description to his home. There are mothers staring at the door, hungry children and dark hair.
Houses, and land that has been ravaged repeatedly. Although it is written about "his" motherland, isn't it a symbol of millions of Qian Qian people living in sorrow and pain?
The outstanding sons and daughters of the Chinese nation abandoned their small families and embarked on the road of resistance against Japan without hesitation. Now that you have chosen, you will "never look back and curse." Facing them, the author can only express his sincere comfort with hugs. however
Some pains cannot be comforted. In the face of the threat of death, all comfort will become insignificant. Therefore, the poet could not help crying. He once looked forward to the gushing tears and faced the tearless farmers. Now, he himself
But I was in tears, not because of weakness, but for the honorable people and the rise of our nation.
The fourth verse of the poem is like the last movement of the symphony, which restores the theme and always supports the whole poem. Three ones.
Kind of "shows that our history of shame is so long. The Chinese nation has been devastated and bullied, and the people bear the burden of humiliation. "We have too much pain to express in words", but the Chinese nation is solid.
Full of energy. The author saw the great potential power of the nation from the people, and repeatedly chanted: "However, a nation has risen." The title of this poem is Praise. What are you praising?
I think it is to praise people who live in this ancient land, praise their perseverance, praise them for moving from suffering to struggle, and praise the rise of the whole nation!
As the leader of the Nine Leaves Poetry School, Mu Dan's poems
It embodies the aesthetic pursuit of "balance". He once said: "I especially advocate writing content with the significance of the times. The problem is that we should first expand ourselves to the scale of the times, and then write ourselves out. Such works will become fashionable.
The creation of the work ... because it is concrete, flesh and blood. "(2) Mu Dan's poems combine life with art and distort soul thinking and social reality. He never replaced art with life, not with political ideas.
His own thinking. His poems have a clear understanding of reality and a persistent belief in the future, which breaks through the narrow world of China's early symbolism and modernism "chewing the bits and pieces of joys and sorrows around him" and is also different from Western modernism.
There is a qualitative difference.
Mu Dan once criticized two ways of expressing feelings, one is "dry and inflexible slogan" and the other is "anemic rhetoric". He advocated taking the third way.
-"New Lyrics". He believes that this new lyric should be "something that rationally inspires people to fight for that light."
practice On the one hand, this poem expresses praise for the motherland. On the other hand, this kind of praise is based on profound rational spirit and will not become superficial and vulgar. The blending of reason and emotion makes it full of emotional power.
It is also full of ideological power, thus becoming an immortal work in Mu Dan's anti-Japanese war poems.
Mu Dan's poetic style is deep and dignified. Some people compare his artistic style to a deep river. Yuan Kejia also said, "Read Mu Dan."
In some of his poems, I always feel that there is a majestic beauty that is rare in new poems. Some people are as deep as Mu Dan, but not heroic enough. Some poets are bold, but they are also rough. They are both deep and vigorous, and Mu Dan counts as one.
So he called Mu Dan's Ode a "bloody song". "Originally, unrestrained grief and indignation often degenerated into sentimentality, which was detrimental to heroism, but Mu Dan didn't. At the end of each poem, he used "a nation"
The grand voice of "has risen" suppressed the state of poetry, making it appear strong in sorrow and powerful in pain "(4). Yuan Kejia's comments hit home. This is Mu Dan, and this is Mu Dan's praise.