Original poem
I have heard of Dongting Lake for a long time, and now I have finally climbed to this tower. Wu Chu ② southeast tile, Gankun sun and moon floating ③.
But my relatives and friends didn't give me any news. An ancient disease had a lonely boat. Military (5) Guan Shanbei, relying on Tianxuan (7) shed tears.
analyse
1. Yueyang Tower: In Yueyang City, Hunan Province, near Dongting Lake.
2. Wu Chu: The names of two countries in the Spring and Autumn Period, located in the areas of Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi, Anhui, Jiangsu and Zhejiang. Teal: It's cracked. The vast Wu Chu is separated by Dongting Lake.
3. Gankun Sun and Moon Floating: The sun, the moon, the stars and the earth float on Dongting Lake day and night. Volume 38 of Notes to the Water Classics says, "The lake is more than 500 miles wide, and the sun and the moon haunt it."
4. Old illness: Du Fu is 57 years old and suffers from various diseases. There is a lone boat: it is uncertain that there is only one leaf falling. The poet spent his old age on a boat. This sentence is about Du Fu's life.
5. Military: War. In autumn and winter this year, Tubo once again invaded Longyou and Guanzhong areas.
6. lean on the porch: lean on the railing of the building. Tears flow: tears can't help flowing.
Background (time and place, etc.). )
In the winter of the third year of Dali (768), Du Fu left the gorge from Kuizhou, wandered all the way to Jiangling and Gongan because of the mutiny, and then drifted to Yueyang, where he boarded the Yueyang Tower that he had been longing for for for a long time. Facing the vast and magnificent Dongting Lake, the poet sincerely admired it. Then I feel sad when I think that I am still wandering outside in my later years and the country is troubled. Generally speaking, the grandeur of mountains and rivers is quite different from the grandeur of the poet's mind, so he is sad but not depressed, depressed but not depressed.
The first half of the poem praises the magnificence of Dongting Lake, which is a famous sentence written on Dongting Lake from ancient times to the present, and is read by people together with the famous sentence in Meng Haoran's message from Dongting Lake to Premier Zhang. The second half is lyrical. The whole poem is rich in artistic conception and magnificent. Although sad, there is no sense of decadence. Tangzi Xiwenlu: "When you pass Yueyang Tower, you can see Du Zimei's poems, but they are more than 40 words, which are magnificent and far-reaching. They almost compete with Dongting Lake, and the so-called rich people are full of words. " Tiaoxi Yuyuan Conghua quoted Xiqing's poem as saying, "The spectacular Dongting is well known all over the world, because there are many poets and writers in past dynasties ... However, if it weren't for Meng Haoran's" Yun Qi fog came and besieged Yueyang City ",Dongting would be as endless as it is now, with a myriad of weather. Not if you want to read Du Zimei's poems. " There is Wu in the east and Chu in the south, and you can see the endless drifting of heaven and earth.' Shaoling has swallowed many dreams.
Climbing the Mountain Tang Du Fu
Original poem
The wind is fast and high, the ape cries sadly, and the birds are circling in the white sand.
The endless trees are rustling leaves, and the Yangtze River is rolling unpredictably.
Li in the sad autumn scenery, a wanderer all the year round, lives alone on the high platform in today's illness.
After all the hardships and hatred, the white hair is full, and the wine glasses are damaged.
analyse
1, Zhu: a small island in the water.
2, back: detour.
3, a hundred years: or a lifetime.
4, down and out: still sleepy, still in decline.
5. New Station: At this time, Du Fu is giving up drinking due to illness.
Background (time and place, etc.). )
This poem was written by Du Fu when he was in Kuizhou in the autumn of the second year of Tang Daizong Dali (767). At that time, four years had passed since the Anshi Rebellion, but local warlords took the opportunity to compete for territory with each other. Du Fu entered the Yanwu shogunate and relied on Yanwu. Unfortunately, Yanwu died soon, which made him lose his dependence. He had to leave Chengdu Caotang, which had been in business for five or six years, and bought a boat to go south. He wanted to go straight to Kuimen, but because of illness, he stayed in Yun 'an for several months before arriving in Kuizhou. If it were not for the concern of the local government, he would not have lived here for three years. In these three years, his life is still very difficult and his health is very poor.
This poem was written by a 56-year-old poet in this extremely embarrassing situation. On that day, he boarded the high platform outside Bai Di, Kuizhou, and climbed up to watch with mixed feelings. What you saw in hope aroused your heart; The bleak scenery of Qiu Jiang evokes his wandering life experience and permeates his old illness and loneliness. Thus, there is this masterpiece, which is known as "the first and seventh speech method in ancient and modern times".
All eight sentences in this poem are correct. At first glance, the beginning and the end seem to be "wrong", and the chest and abdomen seem to be "wrong". If you carefully understand, "every sentence is regular, and every sentence is regular." No wonder Hu Yinglin praised it as a "pioneering work". Yang Lun in Qing Dynasty praised this poem as "the first of Du Ji's seven-character poems" (Du Shi Jing Quan), and Hu Yinglin in Ming Dynasty even said this poem.
Li Shihao Tang Dufu
Original poem
At dusk, officials arrested people at night. The old man climbed over the wall and left, while the old woman went out to watch.
Why are officials angry? Why do women cry? Before listening to his wife's speech: three men are guarding Yecheng.
One man attached a book, and two men died. Those who drag out an ignoble existence are dead!
There is no one in the room, only a baby and a grandson. And grandma didn't go, and there was no skirt in and out.
Although the old woman is physically weak, please come back at night and be anxious to prepare for cooking in the morning.
The night is long and silent, like crying and choking. Dawn will rise into the future, leaving the old man alone.
analyse
1. Shihao Village: 70 miles east of Shaanxi County, Henan Province.
2. Dusk: Evening.
3. vote: stay.
4. End: End; Turn over.
5. He He: How, how. Bitter: bitter.
6. Before the speech: Go up and give a speech (to an officer). Right: Right ... Yecheng: Xiangzhou, now Anyang City, Henan Province.
7. guard: guard, defense.
8. Attached book: a message.
9. Wei: the same as "Wei" (general name), the only meaning. "Only": It means only.
10. drag out an ignoble existence: alive. Get along with; Let's just say. Long gone: forever.
1 1. Breast-feeding grandson: a breast-feeding grandson.
12. Skirt: A complete dress. "Skirt" refers to ancient clothes, especially pants.
13. Old woman: old woman. Please come back from the official night: please allow me to go with you. Jude: Not bad. Yi: Read the fourth sound of "Yu".
14. Heyang: In today's Meng County, Henan Province, officers and men of the Tang Dynasty confronted the rebels here. Answer: Apply.
15. Please follow: request to follow. From: follow, the meaning of followers.
16. Night length: meaning "midnight".
17. absolutely: cut it off, no.
18. Sadness: silent crying.
19. Waiting for the future: the road ahead.
20. smell: listen.
2 1. Jude: Not bad.
22. should: respond.
23. independence: only; Just ...
Background (time and place, etc.). )
Time: An evening in the spring of 759 AD.
Location: Shihao Village, in front of a farmer's house, there is a low wall and a pair of dilapidated wooden doors.
In the spring of the second year of Gan Yuan, Tang Suzong (759), six hundred thousand troops from nine provinces including Guo Ziyi surrounded Yecheng Anqingxu. Due to the disunity of command, the whole army was defeated by Shi Siming reinforcements. In order to supplement the troops, the Tang Dynasty forcibly arrested people from Luoyang West to Tongguan as soldiers, and the people were miserable. At this time, Du Fu is returning to Huazhou from Luoyang via Tongguan. From what I saw and heard along the way, I wrote "Three Officials" and "Three Farewells". Li Shihao is one of the three officials. The theme of the whole poem is to expose the brutality of officials and reflect the sufferings of the people through the image description of "officials arresting people at night"
Du Fu fully demonstrated his "realistic" skills. The whole article is 24 * * * 120 words, all of which are seen and heard by the author from a third-party perspective. He is telling the truth, and not a word is the author's own opinion or comment. However, any reader can definitely deeply feel the strong emotional tendency entrusted by the author in his poems. This can be easily seen from several comparisons in the poem, such as "official call" and "women cry", "anger" and "bitterness", "drag out an ignoble existence" and "gone", as well as some words with strong feelings, such as "what", "night return", "urgent response", "Jude" and "unique skill".
In fact, the writing style of "stone trough" is the artistic feature of Du Fu's poems. Du Fu's poems seldom express his views or feelings. He mostly directly describes things or things themselves, and lets readers feel and understand by showing living facts. Li Shihao, Sanli and Three Farewells are like this, as are most of Du Fu's poems. This is Du Fu's distinctive realistic style. From the content point of view, Du Fu directly expressed the society by describing people's situation and feelings, which truly reflected the social outlook at that time to a great extent. Therefore, Du Fu is also called "the history of poetry".