In the 1930s, Nekip Fascell's poems (1905-) expressed the loneliness, despair and pain of individuals in society and the universe, which had a wide influence. Nadhim Khikmet is famous for his free poems and songs describing social life. Later, Dynamo (1909-), Refaat Elkatz (191-) and A Kadir (19 17-) also wrote many reflections. However, due to the imprisonment and persecution of these progressive poets, Hikmet's works failed to develop smoothly.