Teaching Design of China Cabin Broken by Autumn Wind 1 Teaching Objective
1, can read the text vividly.
2. Feel the poet's noble thoughts and sentiments of worrying about the country and the people.
3. Recite the whole poem.
Teaching focus
1. Understand the content, thoughts and feelings of poetry.
2. Read and recite poems aloud.
Teaching time
One class hour
teaching process
First, the introduction of new courses.
As we all know, there were two great poets in the Tang Dynasty, one was Li Bai and the other was Du Fu. Li Bai is called "Poet Fairy" because of his romantic personality and romantic poems. Du Fu is a realistic poet, known as "Poet Saint".
Do you know why he is called "poet saint"?
Because most of Du Fu's poems convey people's aspirations, express people's sufferings and profoundly reflect social reality, his poems are called "the history of poetry" and he himself is also honored as "the sage of poetry". )
The poem we are going to learn today is a poem written by Du Fu that profoundly reflects the social reality.
Writing on the blackboard: (Play the courseware and show the topic)
The autumn wind broke the hut.
Ask a classmate to look at this topic. (Students read the topic) Note that "for ..." is a relatively fixed passive sentence pattern in classical Chinese, indicating passivity. "The hut was broken by the autumn wind" means "The hut was broken by the autumn wind". "Song" is a kind of ancient Yuefu poetry, which is relatively free and flexible in writing, with five words, seven words and miscellaneous words in form. For example, Bai Juyi's Song of Eternal Sorrow.
Second, explain the writing background.
After understanding the meaning of the topic, let's learn about the writing background of this poem.
Du Fu's life can be said to be very bumpy, and it can also be said that poverty and sorrow accompanied the poet's life. In 747 AD, Du Fu came to Chang 'an, trying to realize his great political ambition through the imperial examination, but Tang Suzong was fatuous and overbearing, which made his political ambition bankrupt.
In 755 AD, when Du Fu was 43 years old, a war broke out. Do you know what war is? (An Shi Rebellion) I think we should understand An Shi Rebellion by studying Tang poetry and understanding the history of Tang Dynasty. An Shi Rebellion: This was a rebellion in the middle of the Tang Dynasty. In 755 AD, rebels An Lushan and Shi Siming launched a mutiny and invaded Chang 'an. The Tang dynasty began to turn from prosperity to decline, and it was not until 763 AD that the war was quelled. The Anshi Rebellion lasted for 8 years, which showed Du Fu that people were living in dire straits. "The wine in Zhumen stinks and the bones on the road freeze to death" is a true portrayal of the society at that time.
At the end of 759 AD, Du Fu abandoned his official position and went west, bringing his family and family to Chengdu, Sichuan. A year later, with the help of relatives and friends, a small house was built near Huanhuaxi, a suburb of Chengdu. Finally, I got a place to live, settled down temporarily, and ended my wandering life. Unexpectedly, one day in August of the following year, the wind roared and swept away the thatch on the top of the hut. Then it rained heavily, and Du Fu's family had to spend a sleepless night in the stormy weather. The poet was deeply moved and wrote this well-known poem.
Let's listen to the recording first. Please pay attention to how the artist reads the poem aloud. Later, we should also learn to read aloud. (Play courseware, record and read aloud)
Now students also learn to read. (Reading, check the model reading)
Third, text analysis.
This poem is divided into four sections. Let's ask a classmate to read the first paragraph of this poem first.
Q: We have just read the first part. What are the two things written in the first section? For example, the first one is autumn wind, so what is the second one? (thatch)
Q: Let's take a look again. How does the poet describe thatch? Pay attention to the verbs in the poem and see which verbs the poet uses. (Students analyze and discuss)
Teacher: Yes, that's how poets write autumn wind and thatch. Verbs such as "roll", "fly", "horizontal", "sprinkle", "hang" and "float" are one after another, forming a clear picture, which closely affects the poet's sight and touches his heartstrings. The poet truly "photographed" this tragic scene through description. How heartless it is to play with people and stir the grass; People look at the house and people look at the grass. How helpless!
Q: After explaining this section, I would like to ask the students to summarize the content of this section in four words. Allow students to discuss first. (The autumn wind breaks the house, the wind rolls the thatch, etc. )
(Showing courseware: wind-rolled thatch)
Q: How does this passage reflect the poet's thoughts and feelings? Please sum it up in one word or one word. I'll give you a few words, you choose one. (Prompt choice: urgency, pity, sadness, misery, worry. Please tell me the reason. Worry, anxiety, regret, etc. )
(Show courseware: sigh)
Teacher: Read the first poem aloud.
Learn the second section.
(Transition: The thatched cottage was broken by the autumn wind. Some thatched cottages were blown over Huanhuaxi, some hung on high treetops, and some sank into ponds. Isn't there anything on the ground that can be picked up? Let's look at the second verse of this poem. I also want to invite a classmate to read it.
(Teacher reminds: This section should emphasize words such as old and weak, forbearance, openness, and not calling. The word sigh, read out the poet's feeling of helpless sigh. Please read this section again)
Q: We also ask students to summarize the content of this poem in four words. Let's discuss it. (Some people answer, the teacher pays attention to comments, and students can also be invited to comment) (group cuddling, leaning on a stick and sighing, etc.). )
(Showing courseware: A group of children with hair in their arms)
Q: The thatch was swept away. If you pick up the fallen thatch, you can at least repair the hut. However, at this moment, a group of children came and moved the grass, no matter how the poet shouted. The poet described his mood in one sentence. Come back and lean on the stick and sigh. Let's analyze this "sigh" in the poem What is he sighing for?
Teacher: As soon as the poet lamented the hardships of life, the hut was broken by the autumn wind. What should he do the next day? The second is to lament that you are old and weak. Three sighs: There are many poor people like you around me. Although they are all worthless thatch, some people took them away in the wind and rain after landing. Sigh that these children are also forced by life and have to do it. The word "sigh" really describes the poet's inner sadness and desolation.
Q: In this section, the poet calls these children carrying thatch "thieves". Do you think it's appropriate?
(students discuss and speak, pay attention to the explanation; Show the courseware "Zaiwulang": "I am a neighbor in front of the hall, with no food, no children and no daughters. I don't want to be poor, but I have to turn to fear. " )
Conclusion: Here, I will tell you a short story to see if it is helpful to understand this problem. Du Fu once left the thatched cottage, and he temporarily gave it to a relative named Wu. It turned out that Du Fu lived in a thatched cottage, and his neighbor in the west was a lonely old woman. Because she was poor, she often came to the thatched cottage to eat dates. After Du Fu left, relatives surnamed Wu built a fence to prevent the old woman from playing with dates. This time, the old lady's life was uncertain, so she asked someone to take a message to Du Fu. When Du Fu heard about it, he wrote a poem to his relatives surnamed Wu, including the following words: "A woman who has no food and no children is a neighbor in front of the hall. I don't want to be poor, but I have to turn to fear. " This means that the old woman is too poor to eat dates. If not "poor", how could she be like this? So I first asked her out. I hope you do the same. Then, in this poem, the poet called the child a "thief", which was just a flash in the pan. He didn't really say that these children are thieves, but should respond to the poem's sentence, "It is better to be poor than not to be poor." This also shows from another side that at that time, because of repeated wars and defeats, the people were already down and out, and "frozen bones on the road" was a common phenomenon. It is precisely because of this that Du Fu's noble political ideal of pushing himself and others came into being.
Read the second section together.
Learn the third section.
(transition: the thatch is gone and the house is broken. What is the poet most worried about at this time? (Rain) Look at the third section. The poet Du Fu is experiencing such an experience. "the house leaks when it rains all night, and the ship breaks its head and the wind blows." It never rains but it pours! The old normal school reads the third section. Pay attention to "the wind sets the cloud and ink color in an instant, and the autumn color is bleak and dark", and the stress of these two sentences should fall on "cloud and ink color" and "dark")
Teacher: Yes, the poet stayed up all night. Why? Can't sleep well. Why can't you sleep well? "Cloth cold as iron for many years, jiao er lie crack. "Covered with an old quilt, the child trampled the old quilt again. How did he sleep well? We are all very happy now. It is estimated that students may not have such experience, but I have such experience. Cover the quilt for a long time and it will become hard and icy, so you can't sleep well. Because of this, the child trampled the old quilt. From these two poems, we can imagine how poor the poet was then.
Q: Next, I want to ask a little question: Think about the Anshi Rebellion I mentioned above. What does "confusion" mean in this poem? Is there a pun on the word "long night"? (Students discuss, teachers pay attention to comments)
Teacher: The "mourning" here refers to the misfortune of the family, and the "chaos" here refers to the "Anshi rebellion". An Anshi rebellion not only turned the Tang Dynasty from prosperity to decline, but also brought much pain and misfortune to the people! How many people go bankrupt, how many people are displaced, and when will this long night end! Therefore, the "long night" here can be understood as both the sleepless night in front of us and the endless life in the war.
Q: If in the first poem, the poet's mood is "sorrow", "worry" and "regret" caused by the wind blowing through the thatched cottage, then in the second poem, the poet is "sigh" and "helplessness". So, what is the mood of the poet in this poem? Please also use a word or a word. The teacher also said a few words for the students to choose. Choice: distress, sadness, bitterness, pity, sadness, students discuss, show courseware: sadness) (sadness, bitterness, bitterness, etc. )
Read the third section in chorus.
Learn the fourth quarter.
(Transition: belinsky once said: "Any great poet is great because the root of their pain and happiness is deeply rooted in the soil of society and history, because he is the organ and representative of society, times and mankind." From personal hardship to the similar situation of others, this is the great' Du Fu', and this is the reason why Du Fu's Caotang is immortal. How does the poet express this feeling? Let's enjoy the last part, please read this part first)
Q: Please still summarize this part in four words. The first refuge in the world, Xiamen is endless, looking forward to Guangsha and so on. (Showing courseware: Looking forward to Guangsha)
Teacher: "Looking forward to Guangsha" is the poet's good wish. The majestic rhetoric of "I am enough to freeze to death alone" shows the poet's broad mind of pushing himself and others and caring about the sufferings of the people. This reminds me of a folk song that was once circulated in Shaanxi. There are two sentences in it: "Du Fu, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, can know the sufferings of the people." Du Fu's ardent feelings of worrying about the country and people have shocked readers' hearts for thousands of years. This is just as Guo Moruo, a contemporary poet, said to Du Fu Caotang in Chengdu:
(Showing courseware) "The world is scarred, and the sage in the poem; The people suffer, and the bottom of the pen fluctuates. "
Please read this part together.
Fourth, the lecture is over
(Transition: We have finished explaining this poem section by section. Finally, let's read it together in the whole class and have an overall perception of the poet's situation, thoughts and feelings at that time. In the process of reading, pay attention to some stressed words reminded by the teacher)
Summary: Poetry is a work, and the house is handed down from person to person. Today's Du Fu Cottage in Chengdu has a splendid sea of flowers, and there are rows of bungalows beside Huanhuaxi in the cottage. Tall buildings have sprung up, realizing the poet's ideal of "protecting the world and making all poor people smile". If the poet has a soul in heaven, I think he will be very happy. Show courseware:
The thatched cottage was left to future generations,
Poets are immortal.
This is a couplet inscribed by Zhu De after visiting Du Fu Caotang. Let's read together.
Finally, give the students an exercise. Please try to remember this poem and finish the exercise after class 1.
Teaching Design of China Cabin Broken by Autumn Wind II. Teaching objectives
1. Try to figure out poetic language.
(2) The use of expressions such as description, narration and lyricism.
(3) Reading and training to taste the thoughts and feelings of worrying about the country and the people.
Second, the teaching content and analysis of key difficulties
Song of Autumn Wind Breaking the Cottage can best reflect the "depressed and frustrated" style of Du Fu's poems. Among the three learning objectives, "reading aloud training" should be the focus, which is also the difficulty. Whether we deeply understand and appreciate this poem or edify students' aesthetic education, teachers are required not to neglect the guidance and training of students' poetry reading. The syllabus also requires reading classical poetry and simple classical Chinese to understand the meaning of words and the ideological content of works.
Third, the teaching process
(1) The introduction is introduced by the students who introduced the author.
1982, the World Peace Council named Du Fu as a "world cultural celebrity". Du Fu is the pride of our Chinese nation. When Du Fu was 43 years old, a famous war broke out, that is? (Student answers: An Shi Rebellion. This is a national catastrophe. At that time, the countryside was deserted, wars were frequent, the people were in dire straits, hunger and wailing were everywhere, and blood and death were everywhere. Du Fu wandered with the people and suffered from war. He wrote many great poems soaked with blood and tears. At the end of 759 AD, Du Fu's family wandered to Chengdu. With the help of relatives and friends, they built a hut on the banks of Huanhua River in the western suburbs of Chengdu, and finally temporarily ended their wandering life and had a place to live. However, the hut was not built firmly. One autumn two years later, a strong wind swept away the thatch and it rained heavily at night. Du Fu's family had to spend an awkward sleepless night in the rain. Du Fu had mixed feelings about this scene, and wrote the immortal poem "The hut was blown by the autumn wind".
Explanation: the topic is a passive sentence, which means that the cabin was blown by the autumn wind. Song, a style of ancient poetry, refers to layout and description.
(2) Guide students to read poetry.
Guide students to perceive the whole, understand the author's broad mind and depressed style of worrying about the country and the people, and locally ask students to grasp the emotions of four poems: regret, sadness, pain, worrying about the country and the people. In order to determine the emotional tone of the whole poem and the tone of each paragraph. Specific practices are as follows:
Let the students read aloud for life first, and remind them to understand the thoughts and feelings of this poem.
After the students read aloud, the teacher corrected the correct pronunciation of punctuation marks such as "later", "lost", "abrupt" and "seeing this room".
Teachers should properly guide reading, emphasize how to deeply understand the artistic conception of poetry and read out the profound thoughts and feelings contained in poetry.
Then let the students read together, and then let a classmate read alone. After the students finish reading, teachers should be sure that they can handle the advantages of priorities and cadence according to the needs of poetry.
(3) Poetry appreciation
1, view the preview
Explain the following words:
Autumn is high (autumn is deep), triple thatch (several layers of thatch) is in a moment (a moment), desert (gray) is in chaos (war, refers to the Anshi rebellion), abrupt (towering posture), scattered (hanging), forbearance (just like this) should be dark (gradually) (being).
2. Appreciate poetry
Step by step, let the students imagine each scene in their minds.
(1) Read the first section. What would you think?
Qing: A hut was ravaged by the autumn wind, and the thatched roof was swept away by the wind.
Which verbs exaggerate the power of the wind? (roll, fly, cross, sprinkle, hang, lick, float)
(2) Poetry appreciation in the second quarter
What kind of scene will you imagine after reading this paragraph?
Clear: A group of naughty children moved the thatch in front of the poet. The poet is so anxious that it's no use shouting. He came back, sighing alone on crutches.
How does the poet feel at this time? (anxious and helpless)
(3) Appreciation in the third quarter
What kind of scene will you imagine after reading this paragraph?
Sunny: After the wind roared, the autumn rain blew wildly, and the house leaked every night. But the autumn rain never stopped. The quilt that has been covered for many years is as cold as iron and kicked by a sleeping dishonest child. How can a poet stay in such a wet and cold room until dawn?
The problem of design transition is a link between the preceding and the following: what are you most afraid of after the cabin is blown out? Look at the well-used words in the third section and find them to appreciate.
The discussion is clear: the word "hemp" means that raindrops are dense and lifelike. The word "iron" in "cold as iron" means that the quilt is very old, dirty and hard, has been replaced for a long time, and has no time to wash it, or has no money to buy it. There is only one quilt, so it is impossible to open it and wash it. This shows that Du Fu's life is very embarrassing. Du Fu once said, "There are many beautiful words about human nature, and the words are not surprising and endless." Some words seem ordinary, but they are rich in meaning when you try to figure them out, which shows Du Fu's efforts in honing his language.
(4) The design problem is transferred to the fourth section to appreciate: "What is the reason for getting wet at night?" Du Fu couldn't sleep in the long night. What's he thinking? Look at the fourth section together and see how this paragraph expresses the poet's feelings.
The discussion is clear: poets who care about their country and people do not complain bitterly about their own experiences, but jump out of their personal circles and push themselves and others. Starting from their personal misfortunes, they think of all the "poor scholars" in the world, hoping that they can have tens of millions of "luxury houses" to avoid the wind and rain. This is a big mind, a warm heart! If this ideal is realized, the author will be satisfied if he is frozen to death. What a noble sentiment It is this lofty sentiment of being broad-minded and self-sacrificing that has excited the hearts of countless readers for thousands of years.
5. Finally, the teacher made a concluding speech: poets who care about the country and the people will always be loved and admired by the people. There is a saying in Shaanxi folk songs that "Du Fu, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, can know the sufferings of the people". This is the love and admiration for the poet. Let us reread the whole poem with reverence for Du Fu and realize the poet's feelings of worrying about the country and the people.
Fourth, practice design.
(1) What expressions and examples are used in this poem?
(B) to guide students to read the rhythm, level and rhythm of poetry.
(3) Instruct students to read intonation, speaking speed and pronunciation.
(4) Appreciate reciting.