At present, there are some problems in the teaching of ancient poetry reading: 1. Teachers' understanding of reading is biased, so they can't really understand its positive significance and equate reading with rote learning. 2. Due to the influence of examination, reading has not been really taken seriously. Both teachers and students think that recitation and dictation have a small proportion in the exam, and the topics are simple, so there is no need to spend too much effort, but in fact, students lose a lot of points in the exam. 3. Ignoring students' cognitive laws and staying in a blind and shallow stage; 4. The reading form is monotonous and not rich and flexible enough.
In view of the problems existing in reading teaching and the present situation of students' reading, it is urgent to improve the reading strategies of ancient poems in junior middle schools in order to improve students' reading interest and improve reading efficiency.
First, the use of classroom teaching to cultivate students' interest in reading ancient poems.
(1) Respect students' cognitive laws, and let students read on the basis of feeling and understanding poetry content and experiencing emotional attitude, so as to avoid mechanical memory and reduce reading difficulty.
(2) Guidance on reading skills to improve reading interest. For example: pronunciation, pause, stress, tone, etc. At the same time, teach students some common sense about the rhythm and rhyme of ancient poetry (such as: flat and even, rhyme, etc. ), let students have a clear aim in reading and improve reading efficiency.
(3) Enrich reading forms and carry out reading activities. There are various forms of classroom reading, such as example reading, synchronous reading, free reading, individual reading, role reading, music reading and relay reading. In addition, reading methods can be flexible and diverse, such as deskmate competition, men's and women's competition, rotating back, rushing to answer back and so on. , virtually mobilized students' reading enthusiasm. At the same time, it is necessary to ensure the time for students to read classic poems. Every week 15 minutes before morning reading and three minutes before each class are good opportunities for reading.
Second, enrich extracurricular reading activities, such as poetry recitation, classical poetry dictation, writing exchange and other activities to stimulate students' reading interest and self-confidence. On the basis of classroom teaching and daily practice, actively carry out relevant activity classes to show students the opportunity to read ancient poems.
1. Each class uses the publicity window of the school, or uses poems, paintings or famous sayings written by students themselves to enrich the window content. Most of the contents are the results of students' activities of reading ancient poems, including the calligraphy exhibition of ancient poems and the feeling after reading.
(1) In order to reduce the students' reciting burden, we advocate the reading method of "many a mickle makes a mickle", copy a poem on the blackboard every week, and update one article every week in principle. If you recite quickly, you can also speed up the update. The class representative leads everyone to read aloud before class three minutes before class until the bell rings.
(2) The blackboard newspaper introduces and provides information. The class blackboard newspaper publishes an ancient poem (word) in each issue, and provides background information and poetry appreciation for students to read. There are also exhibition and evaluation activities of handwritten newspapers in the class, such as poetry and painting, word collocation and so on. , deepen understanding and improve reading interest.
2. The selection range of classic reading poems: articles that junior and middle school students must read and recite according to the new curriculum standard, as well as Tang poems, Song poems, Yuanqu, Analects of Confucius and Book of Songs that are easy to understand and close to students' life and psychology.
3. Every semester, a poetry recitation contest is held in class, which provides students with opportunities and platforms to show their reading and subtly improves their reading interest.
4. The combination of ancient poetry and brushwork promotes writing with poetry. Students' interest in reading ancient poetry can be cultivated and improved by writing their own poems, rewriting, expanding, continuing and imitating ancient poetry, writing the feelings of "learning and reciting ancient poetry", making poems with pictures, and running columns related to ancient poetry.
Thirdly, in the classroom teaching of ancient poetry, try to use the teaching mode of "guide-read-expand".
(1) Guidance: Introduce new lessons through famous sayings and aphorisms, poems and essays, legends and anecdotes related to the teaching materials, create situations and stimulate students' interest in learning.
(2) Reading aloud: under the condition of guiding students to understand ancient poetry, feel poetic mood and taste poetic emotion, further guide reading aloud. Read rhythm, read feelings, and taste the beauty of rhyme, artistic conception and emotion of language while reading words and sentences correctly. At the same time, to enrich reading skills, there are generally the following methods:
1. Recite. Apply the skills of speech to the reading of ancient poetry, add appropriate tone and action when reciting, and perform while reciting, thus creating a kind of * * * sound with the feelings of the work, so that you will remember it well.
2. Take notes and recite. "It's better to go through it with your eyes than with your hands." Extract the classic famous sentences in the notebook, recite them when you have time, and review them every three to five times, so that you will remember them better. 3. Recite by category. Classify classical poems first, and then recite them, so as to grasp the context of ancient poems to a certain extent, be systematic and easy to remember. According to the classification of ancient poems, such as spring, summer, autumn and winter, parting feelings, romance, landscapes, places of interest, patriotism and so on.
(3) Expansion: based on the text, further expand to other works of this writer, and expand to works with similar themes, especially the famous sentences or famous articles of this writer related to the content of teaching materials, deepen the understanding of poetry content, promote reading, and expand the breadth and depth of reading. Of course, we can also learn about the works of relevant writers through the internet, and on the basis of reading appreciation, we can invisibly promote the reading of ancient poems in textbooks. The more important point of this link is to let students use ancient poetry to enhance the fun of reading ancient poetry.
1. Encourage students to use ancient poetry in their lives, "from life to life". The lyrics of some songs are ancient poems, which can be read while singing. There is also the feeling that when I am sad, there will be "where petals flow like tears, and lonely birds sing sad songs", because I am good at understanding life and consciously using ancient poems. Spring outing, climbing to the top of the mountain, there is a kind of "once you climb to the top of the mountain, you will see that other mountains are short under the sky." , and so on.
2. Encourage students to use ancient poems in their daily writing. Reading ancient poetry is to let ancient poetry enter students' lives. People who are interested in it find that life is full of poetry and painting, so they unconsciously write ancient poems into their own articles, which can be used in scenery narration and lyric discussion. The use of ancient poetry has virtually become a writing skill, which not only enriches the content of one's composition, but also makes one's language more concise and colorful, thus improving the reading effect in the joy of success. In addition, you can write a composition with one or two classic famous sentences, so that students can feel that "when poetry is used, they hate it less" and truly appreciate the infinite charm of China as a country of poetry. In this way, the use of ancient poetry in exercises not only makes students' compositions have new ideas, but also forms a virtuous circle of reading ancient poetry, killing two birds with one stone.
In short, the number of rural junior high school students exposed to ancient poetry is limited, and reading mostly stays at the level of mechanical reading, with a single reading purpose. Therefore, it is necessary to guide reading skills and methods in classroom teaching, provide students with opportunities and platforms for extracurricular reading and display, and thus improve their reading interest, which is also one of the goals that can not be ignored in ancient poetry teaching. Of course, this requires every Chinese teacher to constantly explore and innovate.