Bosi Xi 1,
Xiezhou Xi 2.
Bo still holds 3,
Be the forerunner of the king.
From the east of my uncle,
The head is like a flying canopy.
Is there no ointment 4?
Who is suitable for 5!
Rain, rain,
It's been six days.
I am willing to talk and think.
Gandang is the first disease.
How did you get grass 7?
The back of the tree is 8.
I am willing to talk and think.
This makes me feel bad.
Translated text
My brother is very powerful,
What a good national hero.
My eldest brother, CEO,
Be the vanguard of the king.
Since Big Brother went to the East,
Hair is messy like a flying canopy.
What ointment is missing?
Decorate my face for who!
It will rain when it rains,
But the sun is shining.
Thinking about my brother,
I'd like to have a headache.
Where can I find a girl without sadness?
Plant it in the north of the house.
Thinking about my brother,
Makes me sad and disgusting.
Injection and release
1. Cece: Wu Ying is very tall.
2. Solution: Same as "solution".
3. Shu (shū book): ancient weapons, sticks. Long legs, no blades.
4. Cream bath: oil for women to moisturize their hair.
5. Comfortable: Yue.
6. High (bright appearance.
7. Hemerocallis fulva: Hemerocallis fulva, a girl without sorrow, is commonly known as day lily.
8. Back: North of the house.
9. Only (Sister Mei): Worry becomes illness.
Appreciation and analysis
War will destroy many things, first of all, it will destroy the family life of soldiers themselves. The soldiers haven't gone to war yet, and their wives have been left in loneliness and fear. Their memory is not an ordinary memory, it is always full of anxiety and anxiety. Waiting for their husbands to come back from the war has almost become the only meaningful content in their lives.
However, war is always inevitable. No matter how necessary an ongoing war is and whether it can be judged as "justice", the group and its leaders engaged in this war should always encourage the members of the group to make the greatest efforts and sacrifices for it. The state commends soldiers and makes them think that their efforts and sacrifices are worthwhile; This honor will also affect their families, especially their wives, and make them think that the destruction of family life and their own pain are valuable and meaningful. Therefore, writing a poem in which a wife misses her husband who joined the army usually includes two aspects: being proud of her husband-this pride comes from the reward of the state and the group; Miss your husband and worry about it-this emotion comes from your heart.
Bo Xi is a typical poem of this kind.
At the beginning of the poem, we see a woman proudly describing her husband. "Bo" used to be the first of the brothers, that is, the eldest brother, and it is used here as a wife's address to her husband (so we translate it as "eldest brother"), with a friendly tone. -modern folk songs often do this. Why is this husband proud? One is that he became a hero of a country because of his heroism, and at the same time he acted as the pioneer of the king because he was very brave (thus, he was regarded as a warrior in the aristocratic class). The source of pride, I'm afraid, is mainly in the latter point. If Bo is tall and brave, but he winces when the war happens, his wife has nothing to boast about publicly. In fact, the glory known by ordinary people, that is, the glory recognized by society, individuals do not have much ability to make independent judgments in this respect.
Turning to the second chapter, I wrote that since her husband went to the battlefield, his wife stopped dressing herself at home and left her hair-the most decorative part of a woman's body-messy like grass. This later became the most typical expression of China's ancient love poems, such as "From the monarch, the mirror is dark" (Xu Gan's Room Thinking), "Comb your hair all day" (Liu Yong's Ding Feng), "Get up and comb your hair" (Li Qingzhao's "The Phoenix Tower remembers the flute"), and so on. This is a temporary destruction of a woman's beauty, which shows that she is closed to the opposite sex, that is, loyal to her husband. However, as a soldier's wife, this move has a further meaning. In ancient times, women were not allowed to go to war, so the wife's loyalty to her husband who joined the army actually indirectly showed her loyalty to the country-this is not only an individual behavior, but also a group-the requirements of the country. Imagine a soldier risking his life to fight in the front, while his wife dresses up all day in the rear. Even if there is nothing wrong, can he feel at ease? This is not only dangerous to the family, but also extremely unfavorable to the country. Therefore, the society especially needs to encourage military wives to show complete loyalty to their husbands. No matter who wrote this poem (it may be a woman's self-report or someone else's plan), it meets the above requirements. Later, Du Fu's "Divorce" wrote that a bride told her husband who joined the army that she would "never do anything again" and that she would "wash red makeup for the king" so that he could go out with peace of mind, which is in line with this article.
However, although the heroine in the poem can be regarded as "deeply aware of the righteousness" and is very proud that her husband can become the "first king", the long-awaited failure has brought her great pain. For ancient women, the whole content of life and the only source of happiness is family; When their families were destroyed, their lives were completely destroyed. The husband waiting to join the army is different from the general lovesickness-there is deep fear behind it. Pan Yue's "Widow's Fu" takes this poem as an allusion, and there is a cloud: "The poet sighs, but he is willing to talk, and he is distressed ... Ronghua Ye is in full bloom, and his lover suddenly refers to his back." Revealing the fear that her husband will eventually not return is not written from the front, but really hidden under the literal. Knowing this, we can truly understand the heroine's expectation, disappointment and unbearable pain described in the third and fourth chapters. She even wishes she could "forget her troubles" because this kind of "trouble" has made her unbearable.
Poetry must have true feelings, otherwise it will not impress people; However, the poet's feelings are not freely expressed and are often restricted by social concepts. Take "Bo Xi" for example. If you blindly write that your wife is proud of her husband's service to the country, it will make people feel unnatural-at least inhuman; On the other hand, if we blindly write about the wife's desire for her husband, and even have an aversion to war (in fact, it is by no means impossible), it does not meet the requirements of the society at that time. So in the end, it became what we read: the strong feelings for loved ones became gentle after combing with a sense of responsibility, with deep pain and sadness, but no fierce resentment. Because the social background involved in this poem has existed for a long time in the history of China, its emotional expression has become a model of similar poems in later generations.
As for the theme of this article, Preface to Mao Poetry is interpreted as: "It is also a thorn. It is said that the gentleman's service is the forerunner of the king, and it is out of date (the same as "Return"). " Ideal politics should not make China people work too hard and ruin their family life. In fact, the so-called "thorn" in the poem is unfounded, but the Confucian political ideal expressed by the author is exactly in line with the heroine's wish in the poem.
The Book of Songs ~ Feng Wang ~ Su Parting is a seedling of Su Parting. The line is decadent and the center is shaken. Those who know me make me worry, and those who don't know me make me want. Dragon heaven, who is this? (Chapter 1) When millet leaves, it is the ear of millet. Walking is decadent and the center is drunk. Those who know me make me worry, and those who don't know me make me want. Dragon heaven, who is this? (Chapter 2) Xiaomi's separation is the reality of Xiaomi. Walking decadent, center suffocation. Those who know me make me worry, and those who don't know me make me want. Dragon heaven, who is this? (Chapter III)
1 "Preface to Poetry": "Min Ye. As for Chow Tai Fook's service in Zhou Zong, he passed through the ancestral temple and palace, all for the sake of grain and subverting Zhou Min. He couldn't bear to go, but he wrote poetry. " (2) Mao Chuan: "Peter, Peter lives in the palace. Mike, okay. It's too late to be decadent Shake it and don't worry about anything. " Qian Chengzhi said, "Mao Yun is too lazy to move." Li Yong said: "The appearance of separation is scattered. Xiaomi is today's millet. Xiaomi is beautiful, that is, scattered, and Xiaomi is straight, that is, hanging but not scattered. Therefore, the millet sees its points, and the millet sees its seedlings and its ears. " Jiao Lin said: "A wavering person is lost in his own soul. If you are drunk, you will be fascinated by your thoughts; If you choke, you will be full of anger. " Shen Qing said on the cliff: "Describing what he saw was not a kind of support, but because of a decadent behavior he saw, and his heart was shaken. It is also a true description of his worries, not caused by Xiaomi. It is a blessing, not a joy. " Deng Xiangri: "The first two sentences in the chapter praise things, and the last six sentences write feelings, but three or four sentences are conscious. At this time, I feel that there is nowhere to fall, and I am deeply worried about state affairs, and I still exist."
It seems unnecessary to say too much about "Mi Li". The sadness that stays on the poet's heartstrings has long been an eternal symbol of sadness. Niu Yunzhen said, "This poem is pure in meaning, and its pain is unspeakable. Later generations' poems, such as "the mountains and rivers are full of tears, the Six Dynasties are like dreams, and birds crow in the air", only hurt metabolism, but it doesn't matter about homesickness. The word "what I want" is superficial, and the word "beg" is misleading. Only when the meaning of the monarch is irrelevant can we be awed. Mr. Xie Dieshan said: The ancestral temple in Cheng Kang is full of millet, but there is no one outside who can serve the poets of the Zhou Dynasty. I read Book to Hou Wenchuan, and I think those who exhort Hou Wen are just protecting their country. The rise and fall of the royal family and the rise and fall of the old capital, I don't know what to say. I was deeply impressed by the poem "Millet parting". According to these words, it is euphemistic. From Mr. Dieshan's point of view, it is especially enough to send this poem. " Xie Yu is quoted from Shi Hua. The section about "plum tree" was originally very long, and the author summarized its main points. After the death of the Song Dynasty, Xie refused the move of the Yuan Dynasty by death, which can be regarded as a loyal man. He read "Su Parting", thinking that he has a special embrace, not just for poetry. As Niu Shi said, most of the nostalgic poems of later generations point to mountains and rivers, and the ancients said it as an outsider. Although there is no lack of enthusiasm for survival, there is little pain. The sadness of "Li Shu" is to put the whole self in a painful history, so Dai Junen said: "Repeatedly speaking, not chanting, must be infinitely affectionate. "To mourn that heavy history with a lonely individual, he can't be responsible for this history. He was not among the' Buddha shoulders' originally, but he clearly took all the condolences for his death." What do I want if you don't know me? "It is not so much the sorrow of those who worry about the world as the sorrow of those who don't know. On Xiaomi, Fan Chuyi said: "The seedlings, ears and fruits of Xiaomi are not necessarily what we saw before and after, but our worries are confused in the middle, which means that all I saw in Zhou Zong are Xiaomi, so it is really evil to suppress the seedlings, ears and fruits of Xiaomi. I can't tell the difference between millet and fleas. It's a seedling, an ear and a reality. "However, there is another opinion. Li Zun said, "In the songs of Fujian merchants, it is said that' wheat drama is coming, corn oil' means both wheat drama and corn, and he agrees. Millet seedlings, millet ears, millet fruit, all want to see. "These two theories have their own reasons, so they might as well coexist." Long Tiandao, Mao Chuan: "Long and far-reaching. Heaven leads by example, respecting the monarch is the sky, being vigorous and martial, being benevolent and caring for heaven and man, being enlightened from the top and being far-sighted. " Say "two ya" At first glance, it seems redundant, but it is not fine. Read Zhou Song Jing Zhi again: "It is not easy to live if you think about it. I didn't say that you are above and eager to surrender to monks. Japanese prison is here. "Even if the day is near. However, Xiaomi Li's heaven is different from imperial heaven, Wu day, man day and heaven. There is no longer the supervision and protection of the Jingzhi era, but it is leisurely, gloomy and far away from the crowd. It can be seen that what corresponds to the "sky" is the ruin of the country, not just the confusion of "going far without telling". "Whose bottom is this?" It reveals that there is no blame and blame. The so-called "whole story" does not refer to an actual person, but tells the ruined state of the country, the shocking sad feeling and the hatred for the national foundation disaster of her husband's defeat.