Guo Moruo is an outstanding poet in the history of modern literature in China. Historical playwright. He is a romantic poet with strong subjectivity and lyricism. Goddess, written during the May 4th Movement, is the highest achievement of his poetic art and the cornerstone of China's modern new poetry. Created a "generation of poetic style"
The income of the goddess' poems ranges from 19 19 to 192 1. Together with 57 preface poems. Most of them were written by poets while studying in Japan. Among them, the representative poems are Nirvana of Phoenix, Rebirth of Goddess, Coal in the Furnace, Sunrise, Vision of Mount Bili, The Good Earth and My Mother! "Tengu", "Good morning", "Stand on the edge of the earth and count" and so on. In the form of poetry, it broke through the shackles of the old style, created a bold and unrestrained free verse style, opened up a new world for the development of free poetry after the May 4th Movement, and became the cornerstone of China's new poetry. Nowadays, People's Literature Publishing House has a 1957 edition, which has been reprinted many times.
Goddess is divided into three series. In addition to the preface, the first album also included The Regeneration of Goddess, Xiang Lei and Flowers of Tang Di. The second album was divided into three parts in the first edition of Goddess in 192 1. From phoenix nirvana to the station on the edge of the earth, ten articles are called phoenix nirvana, ten articles are called phoenix nirvana, ten articles are called pantheist nirvana, from three pantheists to I am an idolater, and ten articles are called the sun from praising the sun to death. The third album is divided into three parts in the first edition of Goddess in 192 1. From Venus to Late Step, there are ten articles about God's love, from Spring Silkworm to Wedding Banquet at Sunset, among which there are three articles about Shore, ten articles about Spring Silkworm and from New Life to New Life.
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Goddess is the first collection of poems by Guo Moruo, and it is also a new collection of poems with outstanding achievements and great influence in the history of modern literature in China. The main titles of Goddess are: Phoenix Nirvana, Coal in the Furnace, Tengu, Goddess Regeneration, Earth, My Mother! Standing on the edge of the earth, numbering, good morning, ode to gangsters, and Xiang Lei.
Goddess fully embodies the spirit of the times of sturm und drang during the May 4th Movement. The story of the phoenix's nirvana, borrowed from the story of the phoenix's "gathering incense and self-immolation, bathing in fire and rebirth", embodies the poet's spirit of denying the old self, cursing the old world and pursuing a new life. The combination of social transformation and personal mental rehabilitation expresses the poet's determination to pursue his ideal and mental rehabilitation. In the rebirth of the goddess, the goddess can no longer stand the dark and chaotic world, and is no longer uneasy about enjoying human sacrifices in the niche. They resolutely came to the world to make stones and create a new sun that can bring warmth to the world.
The goddess enthusiastically praised the people's revolutionary ideals against imperialism and feudalism. For example, the poem "Heavenly Dog" has created a lyrical image of "opening the ego in the wild", and it is a rebel image full of the spirit of individual liberation and the old world. Its majestic and unstoppable passion expresses the determination to create in destruction and embodies the will and strength of the people. Ode to a Gangster is an ode to the pioneers of the May 4th Movement. It praises not only the political revolution and social revolution, but also the religious revolution, literary revolution, educational revolution and theoretical revolution of natural science, and also the proletarian revolutionary Lenin. Two poems, Xiang Lei and Flowers of Tang Di, praised the heroes who died for the people's interests in ancient China. Qu Yuan in Xiang Lei is an outstanding representative of people's consciousness, and Nie Yi and Nie Zheng in Tang Dihua are patriots who gave their lives for people's freedom and liberation.
Goddess shows a strong anti-imperialist and anti-feudal patriotism. For example, Flowers of Tang Di praised the precious quality of heroic sacrifice for the motherland and freedom. In particular, the poem "Coal in the Furnace" sings "the feeling of missing the motherland", which is touching. The poet takes coal as a metaphor, and through the image of coal in a red furnace, he shows his patriotism and enthusiasm for patriotism. Through the burning of coal, it gives the world a bright and tropical scene, showing the poet's determination to go through fire and water and die for his motherland. Describing the history of the formation of coal for thousands of years shows the poet's deep feelings for the motherland. The ingenious metaphor of this poem expresses patriotic passion with sincerity, enthusiasm, euphemism and delicacy, and has received excellent artistic effect.
Goddess is another ode to the workers and peasants and their labor creation. The poem "The Earth, My Mother" eulogizes the material civilization and spiritual civilization created by the workers and peasants from the mother earth to the laborers, and then praises the workers and peasants as "the nanny of all mankind" and "Prometheus of all mankind", expressing the poet's deep gratitude for being the son of the earth in return for the workers and peasants.
The most prominent artistic feature of Goddess is its rich romantic color. In Goddess, the poet describes life according to his own subjective imagination, and pursues and praises ideals more enthusiastically than calmly analyzes the dark reality. However, the romanticism in Goddess is not divorced from reality, but rooted in the soil of reality. Its sturm und drang spirit of destroying everything and creating everything fully satisfied the wishes and demands of the people during the May 4th Movement, especially the awakened young intellectuals.
In terms of expression, Goddess uses romantic techniques such as bold imagination, concrete metaphor and extreme exaggeration to express the poet's volcanic passion. In terms of language, both vernacular and spoken language are used to describe people with words and objects, so the language of poetry is not only extremely rich, but also expressive. In order to express his passion, the poet also uses sentence patterns such as overlapping sentences and parallelism sentences, which are lively and give people a strong shock.
In the form of poetry, the poet boldly innovated and successfully created an eclectic style of free poetry. He also created a poetic drama combining lyric and narrative, which opened up a new field of poetry creation.