This week, Fan Deng gave a lecture on the platform of the reading club and told a book with a very common name-good education, written by Professor Bao Pengshan. Listening to the conversation with Mr. Bao, I feel a little excited and intoxicated, which is in line with some viewpoints that I often think about.
Our general understanding of education is to make people have certain abilities, such as exam-taking ability, work ability, interpersonal skills and leadership ability.
Professor Bao told us that a good education must be human education, human education and human subjectivity education, not some kind of functional education. Education should make people more perfect and powerful, enrich people's emotions and make people's minds more sound.
I think such a subjective and perfect education is a good education.
In recent years, through reading, I have realized more and more that children's test scores in school are not that important. The score only represents whether your answer conforms to the answer given by the teacher, not your thoughts and opinions.
Appropriate rote memorization should be available, and teachers can also quantify the assessment. However, I think it is not a good education to judge the quality of children blindly by right or wrong. At this point, Professor Bao spoke my mind.
The Book of Songs is the earliest collection of poems in the history of China. There are 305 poems, which are arranged in three categories: style, elegance and ode, and there are three artistic techniques: Fu, Bi and Xing. ...
If the teacher compiles these knowledge points into fill-in-the-blank questions, noun explanation questions and short answer questions, students are required to fill them correctly in the exam, and if they fill them correctly, they will pass the exam, and if they fill them incorrectly, they will not score. Only in this way can students know what the Book of Songs is, answer questions for the sake of answering questions, and take exams for the sake of exams.
Confucius arranged the Book of Songs just to give students that feeling, and to cultivate and enjoy people's hearts by teaching the Book of Songs.
Cultivate a state of "prosperity, closeness, group and resentment", that is, feelings; Have observation and judgment; A sense of responsibility and responsibility; Have the spirit of independent thinking and critical thinking, which is human subjectivity.
Wake up a person and make a person full of vitality.
Confucius believes that being able to discuss problems with him can make students have the ability to observe and have their own thoughts.
Confucius' education is an education in which teachers and students inspire and learn from each other. Confucius will establish feelings and sense of identity with them.
The first mission is to inherit and develop human culture and pass on the traditional culture in human history from generation to generation. This is the most essential and primitive mission of education in human history. "Inheriting culture" here is not to let you remember the knowledge of culture, but to educate people through culture. Without inheriting human culture, human behavior cannot be civilized.
Man is not only a product of physiology, but also a product of history. Our way of thinking and soul are inhabited by the ancients and Confucius. If you ask a person, "Do you want to be a villain or a gentleman?" He will definitely choose to be a gentleman rather than a villain. This is because there are ancient people and Confucius living in people's souls. So where do these values come from? It is through generations of education that civilization has been "transformed" into people's souls and thoughts.
The second mission is to inherit and develop human technology and expand the boundaries of human knowledge. The development of human beings, the progress of society and the personal experience of the boundary of life all need all kinds of knowledge and technology. For example, learning piano is a skill. If you can't play, you won't feel like playing.
But the key point is still in the first mission. You can play piano music and even your understanding of the whole life through music. Everyone plays music, which gives people a different feeling.
I don't read many books, I don't have a thorough understanding of life, I don't have sympathy and love for the world, and I can't reach a certain height even if I play skillfully. Skills are just a means to show high spirits. If you don't have a high spirit, then you have nothing to show.
Professor Bao believes that the second task level is to expand the boundaries of knowledge. We hope that children can remember more knowledge, and that there will be more scholars, experts and scientists in the future, who can expand the boundary of human cognition, increase new knowledge, push forward new technology, create a better material life and improve the physical space of human life. The importance of these tasks is self-evident.
Cultural education is our first mission, that is, spiritual education; The education of science, technology and knowledge is the second mission, that is, the education of hands. Hand education can make you more practical, and cultural education can make your mind soft, warm and compassionate.
The two missions of education are to inherit culture and skills.
Teachers play an important role in education, which is to guide students to make value judgments.
For example, a student asked a teacher, "Teacher, what do you think of the recent Russian-Ukrainian war?" Teachers should be able to analyze and judge the questions raised by students at this time. Although the teacher's point of view is not necessarily right, the starting point of the teacher's logic, values and values must be right.
Teachers should ask themselves: Can I do it? What is my logic? What is my starting point of value?
It is very important for a teacher to have such ability. So in today's era, we put forward more requirements for teachers. It is to cultivate students' legitimate interests-interests that can affect the future development of life; Teach students to think independently.
Over the years, we have pursued the wrong education of enrollment rate, so that students will not think independently because they dare not think independently.
The teacher asked him to score 100. If he wants to get a score of 100, what he wants to do most is not to make independent opinions, but not to make mistakes. If he is allowed to make mistakes, he dares to think independently.
Article 49 of the 22nd annual writing camp, 1935 words, with a total of 67092 words.
(To be continued)