Tang Dynasty: Du Fu
Xishan is covered with snow all year round, and the three cities are heavily stationed; Nanjiao Bridge spans the majestic Jinjiang River.
After years of war in China, several brothers have been unable to hear from each other; It's a long way from each other, and I'm the only one, right?
Instead, they will hand over the bodies of Gemini in the light of late autumn; So far, not a drop of merit has repaid the wise Huang Sheng. (Pass only: Only)
I travel by horse alone, and my horizons are often wide. The world economy is in recession, which is unimaginable.
translate
Xishan is covered with snow all year round, and the three cities are heavily guarded; The Wan Li Bridge outside the southern suburbs spans the vast Jinjiang River.
After years of war at sea, several brothers were blocked from hearing; Even the ends of the earth, I'm the only one, okay?
But give the dying years to the sick body; So far, I have no merit, and I repay the wise and holy emperor.
I ride a horse for an outing alone, and I often overlook it. Things are getting more and more depressed every day, which is really unimaginable.
To annotate ...
(1) Xishan: In the west of Chengdu, the main peak of Xueling is covered with snow all year round. Three cities: Songpan (now Songpan County, Sichuan Province), Uygur (the old city is in the west of Lixian County, Sichuan Province) and Bao (the old city is in the northwest of Xinbaoguan, Lixian County). City, a "year" and a "wonder". Defense: defense. The three cities are important towns on the edge of Shu, and Tubo invaded from time to time, so the garrison guarded them.
(2) Nanpu: the waterside land outside the southern suburbs. Qingjiang: refers to Jinjiang. Wan Li Bridge: It's in the south of Chengdu. When Fei Yi of Shu Han visited the State of Wu, he said to Zhuge Liang when he left: "The trip to Wan Li began with this bridge." Write these two sentences.
(3) Dust: refers to years of wars caused by An Shi Rebellion. Brothers: Du Fu's four brothers: Ying, Guan, Feng and Zhan. Only Du Zhan went to Shu with him, and the other three brothers were scattered all over the country.
(4) Old age: Du Fu was fifty at this time. For many diseases: give it to the sick body. Provide, entrust.
⑸ Love: Water drops and dust refer to tiny particles.
[6] Day: Write a "self".
Distinguish and appreciate
The title of this poem is Wild Hope, which is a self-portrait of the poet's sadness and nostalgia for his brothers when he jumped out of the country.
When I wrote the first two sentences about Wang Ye, I saw Xishan and Jinjiang. The main peak of Xishan Mountain is covered with snow all year round, so it is described as "snowy". At that time, it was stationed in the three cities to guard against Tubo invasion, and it was an important town in central Sichuan.
The four sentences in the middle are triggered by wild hope. The feelings of the countries and individuals concerned. Three or four sentences were pushed out by the war, remembering brothers and hurting yourself. There are bonfires everywhere at home and abroad, and the brothers are scattered. At this time, I am "far away" from the west, such as being in a world. The poet missed his motherland and couldn't help crying. The true feelings are revealed, and people can't help moving.
Five or six sentences also led to "illness" and "failure" in his later years, which did not help the shame of the "holy dynasty". Du Fu is fifty years old, so it is twilight. He sighed and said: I have to dedicate my twilight years to a "sick" body, but I am ashamed that I have not made any contribution to repay the "sacred dynasty".
Although Du Fu lived in West Shu and served Li Tang, he never changed, which shows that his patriotic consciousness is very strong. The four sentences in the middle, because they are used together, occasionally sum up the poet's worries about his home country, his feeling of life experience, and especially his heart of serving Li Tang.
Finally, seven or eight sentences pointed out the way of "extravagant hope" and deep anxiety. "Personnel" is a matter of the world. At that time, due to the garrison in the three cities of Xishan, the people in Sichuan had a heavy burden of tribute, and Du Fu felt that the people were in dire straits and the world turned from "Japan" to "depression". This is the purpose of the conclusion. The poet "straddled the horse" from the thatched cottage and "walked" from the southern suburbs, watching all the time. "The long bridge shining with water in this southern lake" is a close-up. It is a distant sight that "the snow in Sanzhai, Xishan Mountain is white". He drew a chaotic sigh from "guarding three cities", and the meaning of Shu rose from "Wan Li Bridge". This is why the fourth sentence pays attention to family, country and individual.
Du fu's "crossing the horse and going out of the suburbs" and "eager to see" were originally intended to relieve depression. However, the feelings of patriotism and love for the people forced him to "see" the natural landscape, which triggered various reflections on national affairs, brother parting and personal experiences. For a time, thoughts and feelings such as serving the country, missing the same flesh and blood, and sad illness gathered in my heart. I'm particularly worried about being late and getting sick, but I'm ashamed that Juanai didn't answer.
The changes of thoughts and feelings in the first three chapters of this poem are from outward observation to inward examination. Tailing refers to the reason from the outside to the inside. From the artistic structure, it is quite wonderful to control vertically freely.
Appreciation of the original translation of Wang Yequan's poems (Ⅱ);
The snow on the west mountain and three fortified towns 1 is white, and the water in this southern lake flashes on a long bridge.
My brothers in the sea are three miles apart, and I can't help crying. I am so far away.
However, it is too late to get sick, and I am not as useful to the country as a grain of dust.
I rode to the edge of town. I observe the chaos of the world on the horizon day after day.
Precautions:
1: Xishan: In the west of Chengdu, there is a snow mountain, which is now Minshan Mountain in northwest Sichuan. Three cities: Songzhou (now Songpan, Sichuan), Weizhou (now west of Lixian, Sichuan) and Baozhou (now northwest of Xinbaoguan, Lixian). Because of the Tubo invasion, garrison.
2. Qingjiang: refers to Jinjiang. Wan Li Bridge: On the Jinjiang River in the south of Chengdu today, it is said that Zhuge Liang sent Fei Yi to Wu, hence the name "Wan Li's trip began at this bridge".
3. Dust: refers to war. Brothers: Du Fu has four brothers: Ying, Guan, Feng and Zhan. Only when you are around.
4. Late stage: refers to old age, Du Fu is fifty years old. Sick: Du Fu suffers from lung disease, malaria, head wind and other diseases, so it is cloudy. This word "for" is painful, Huang Sheng said, "This word" for "is very difficult. I'm dying, and I want to work for the court. I don't want to get sick for the first time! This self-pity and self-hatred word. " ("Du Shi Shuo" Volume 9)
5: Trickle-down: Trickle-down. E: Dust. Sheng Chao: Praise the present dynasty. I have made a great contribution to my country.
6. Pole: Look into the distance.
7. personnel: the world. When the three cities of Xishan were stationed in the garrison, the people were tired of being transferred to military service, and the court was not compassionate, and there was a sigh of personnel depression.
Appreciate:
The title is Yewang, but the focus is not on Yewang, but on Yewang, Du Fu really cares about the country and people all the time. Qiu said, "This is a gift for my ambition. Number four, looking forward to feelings and homesickness. Fourth, when the wild hope caresses, I am worried about the country and the people. " ("Detailed Explanation of Du Fu's Poems", Volume 10) This poem uses duality and does the opposite, but predecessors also pointed out that the fifth word of the first four sentences is a crime. Scholars should avoid it.