Author: Yang Ji
The drizzle makes the flowers of neem tree wet, and the south wind tree ripens loquat.
Xu Xing didn't remember how deep the mountain was, and Yingying sent it all the way home.
Precautions:
1, Tianping Mountain: In the west of Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province, the top of the mountain is just flat, which is called Wanghutai. There are places of interest such as Baiyun Spring, Baiyun Temple and Wanmulin on the mountain. Yang Ji's home is in Chishan, which is very close to Tianping Mountain.
2, velvet: light rain is thin, dense and soft. Melia azedarach: The name of a plant with small lavender flowers in spring and summer.
3. Loquat: the name of the tree. The fruit is yellow, round and sweet, and ripens between spring and summer.
4. Xu Xing: Walk slowly. Mountain depth: the distance of mountain road.
5. Melia azedarach: a common deciduous tree in the south of the Yangtze River, with lilac flowers in spring.
Translation:
The drizzle wet the neem flowers,
Under the south wind,
The fruit of each loquat tree is slowly maturing.
Walking slowly along the mountain road,
I don't know the distance.
The oriole sang along the road and sent me home.
Appreciate:
Tianping Mountain is one of the scenic spots in Wuzhong, with beautiful trees and strange stones. The poet has lived here since he was a child. Every tree and stone in the mountain is familiar and kind to him. This poem cuts out a fragment of his secluded life, which is naturally elegant and deeply emotional.
The first half of the poem is like a meticulous painting. In the continuous spring rain, the neem tree is blooming with lavender flowers, which is particularly delicate and moist because of the rain beads. The south wind blows gently, and golden loquats are exposed from time to time among the lush vegetation. These two sentences are right, drizzle to the south wind, neem flowers to loquat, which describe the unique landscape of Jiangnan in March from two aspects of climate and plants, while the modifiers in the sentence further describe the beauty of spring. The poet focuses on the scenery, but at the same time he also shows his feelings. From his colorful brushstrokes, we can clearly feel the spring in his heart.
In the second half, the scenery and characters come alive, and the picture gradually becomes active. Xu Xing didn't remember the depth of the mountain and walked all the way home. The poet walked slowly along the mountain road. He didn't know how far he had gone, only heard the birds singing in his ear, but he had already returned to his home unconsciously. Here, the poet consciously blurs the sense of distance and time, forming an artistic conception of forgetting both things and me. As a result, the leisurely state of mind vaguely revealed in the first half has surfaced again in this paragraph. These two sentences focus on people's feelings, but they have not left the main line of scenery description. Yingming all the way, with the flannel and trees mentioned above, is not only colorful, but also lifelike, making the spring in Tianping Mountain full of wild interest and very lively. At the same time, the poet forgot the distance and time when roaming, which set off the beauty of the scenery from another side.
It's raining in Mao Mao, slightly southerly, which makes people feel very comfortable. This is written from the perspective of touch. A azadirachta flower and a loquat tree, bright and dazzling, are described from a visual point of view; Huang sang euphemistic songs all the way, which made people feel relaxed and happy. This is described from the perspective of hearing. Multi-angle description constitutes a wonderful mountain view.
Yang Ji's works are good at describing scenery. In this poem, he firmly grasped the two clues of emotion and scene, which are closely intertwined by scene, emotion and scene, and people and things. It is kind and natural to read, full of fresh and fragrant pastoral atmosphere, which is fascinating.
Say goodbye in the mountains
Seeing Wang Wei off in the mountains
My friend, I watched you go down the mountain,
Until now, in the dark, I closed the thatched door.
The grass turns green again in spring,
But my friend prince, will you? ?
Translation and annotation
After seeing you off on the mountain,
As the sun sets, I close Chai Fei.
When the spring grass turns green again next year,
Can you come back?
1, shielding: off.
2. Chai Fei: Chai Men.
3. Wang Sun: the descendant of a noble, here refers to the friend who sent him away.
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This poem "Farewell in the Mountain" did not write a farewell scene from the pavilion, but was ingenious and chose a completely different point from ordinary farewell poems.
My friend, I have watched you go down the mountain. The first sentence of the poem tells the reader at the beginning that the farewell ceremony is over, and the farewell scene and mood are swept away by a seemingly unemotional word "don't". Here, from farewell to sending away, we skipped for a while. The second sentence, driving pedestrians away from the daytime, was written until now. In the dark, I immediately closed the thatched door, but it skipped for a longer time. What are the feelings and thoughts of the people who saw me off during this time? When the poet connected his life with poetry, he cut it all out as a dark field.
Anyone who has experienced parting knows that the moment when pedestrians are about to leave is really depressing, but a sense of loneliness and disappointment often becomes more and more intense in the evening after parting. There must be a lot to write in this most difficult moment of parting and sorrow; However, the poem only wrote a move to hide from Chai Fei. This is a very common thing that mountain people do at dusk every day, and it seems to have nothing to do with the farewell during the day. The poet links these two unrelated things together, so that the repeated actions every day show different meanings from the past, thus expressing feelings between the lines and seeing sadness between the lines. Readers will see the lonely expression and melancholy mood of the people in the poem; At the same time, I will also think: Night falls after sunset. After the closure of Chai Men, how will this long night be spent? The blank left outside this sentence makes people daydream infinitely.
In three or four sentences of this poem, the grass turns green again in spring, but ah, my friend's prince, what about you? , from the poem "Chu Ci Recruits a Hermit", Wang Sun wanderers don't return, and the spring grass is long and long. Fu lamented that the wanderer had been gone for a long time, and these two poems would never come back when they broke up with pedestrians. Tang Ruxun summed up the contents of this poem in Interpretation of Tang Poetry as follows: the title of the poem is hidden in the dusk, and people are far away from Philip Burkart; Sometimes the grass is green and it is difficult for pedestrians to return. And it is difficult to return, which is one of the reasons for leaving thinking deeply. Going back or not, as a question, should have been put forward to pedestrians when they left, but here they let pedestrians go, and when they closed at dusk, they floated to people's hearts, which became a suspense that no one cared about. This is not the usual farewell speech, but the heartfelt expression after the farewell, indicating that the people in the poem are still shrouded in parting until dusk. Although I just broke up, I am looking forward to coming back soon, but I am afraid that I will not come back for a long time. As I said before, it took two periods from farewell to farewell and from farewell to covering Chai Fei. Here, I bid farewell to the evening of Sunday, think of the spring grass in the coming year, and ask if I will come back then. This is another jump from now to the future, and the jump time is longer.
This farewell poem is not a farewell to pavilions, but a step further, writing the hope of reunion after parting. This is beyond the general farewell poem. The first farewell scene is to hide and put pen to paper, and then the feeling of going home after farewell is getting stronger and stronger, paving the way for the meaning of expecting it to come again. So I thought that the spring grass was green again, but it was difficult to return to people. The feeling of parting is beyond words. Heart inside, taste outside, really ingenious, superior.
Wang Wei is good at extracting seemingly ordinary materials from life and expressing deep and sincere feelings in simple and natural language, which is often fascinating. This poem "Farewell in the Mountains" goes like this. Summer in the mountains
Li Bai's Summer Mountain
Lazily shaking a white feather fan to get rid of the heat, naked in the forest.
Take off the headscarf and hang it on the rock wall, leaving the cool breeze between the pines and the pines overhead.
Translation and annotation
Too lazy to shake the white feather fan to cool off the heat, stay naked in the green forest.
Take off the headscarf and hang it on the stone wall, so that the cool wind among the pine trees can blow over your head.
1, nudity: refers to the poet taking off his headscarf in the green forest in an informal form.
2. Green forest: refers to the lush trees in the mountains, which cover the sky and cover the sun.
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Summer and mountains are the key to understanding this little poem. Because it is summer, there are white feather fans; Because it is in the mountains, I am too lazy to shake it with a fan.
There are only four sentences in the poem, which describes a small scene, but shows the summer in the mountains and the summer in the mountains to the readers in a true and appropriate way. The summer breeze blew, the pine leaves rustled in the mountains, and the poet took off his turban and hung it on the stone wall in the mountains. How cool and pleasant the weather is. The whole poem writes the author's broad-minded and natural image, with Wei and Jin demeanor. Widows in the mountains
Widows in the mountains of the Hudson River.
Because of the soldiers, the husband clung to Mao Peng and his linen clothes were burned.
Mulberry and philosopher still pay taxes, but they still want seedlings after rural famine.
When picking wild vegetables and roots for cooking, spin raw wood and burn leaves.
If you are in a deep mountain, you should also avoid the levy.
Translation and annotation
The husband died because of the war, leaving his wife trapped in a thatched cottage, dressed in coarse ramie clothes, with yellow hair and haggard face. Mulberry trees and zheshu trees have been abandoned, so they can no longer raise silkworms, and they have to pay silk tax to the government. When the countryside was deserted, they had to collect seedlings. I often pick some wild vegetables and cook them with roots. The wet firewood I just cut burns with the leaves. Even if you go deep into the mountains, there is no way to avoid taxes and corvees.
1, Mao Peng: A thatched cottage.
2. ramie: ramie. Burnt hair: due to lack of food and nutrition, the hair turns yellow.
3, zhe: the name of the tree, leaves can feed silkworms.
4, and: same, even
5. Rotation: Cut now. Log: Wet wood that has just been cut from a tree.
6. levy: tax and corvee.
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This poem reveals the face of society at that time, extremely depressed and angry, through the tragic fate of a typical figure like a widow in the mountains.
At the end of the Tang Dynasty, the imperial court and warlords fought for years, which caused a tragic situation of killing birds in the mountains and worrying about the people ("snow in the mountains") for ten years and brought great disasters to the people. The husband of this poem, because of the soldiers' devotion to Mao Peng, began to write this poem in this war-torn era, summing up the unfortunate experience of this peasant woman: the war took her husband and forced her to live alone in a shabby hut in the mountains.
Ma Zhu's clothes burned to the sideburns, which captured the most revealing details of the characters, and portrayed the widow's poor and painful image simply and vividly: dressed in coarse linen, her sideburns were yellow, her face was haggard and her expression was vivid. Judging from the description of picking wild vegetables and spinning firewood below, the widow in the mountains should still be a young woman. Supposedly, the color of her sideburns should be good-looking, but due to suffering, her sideburns have long been brown and withered, looking old. The concise portrait description sets off the inner pain of the character and writes her life experience.
However, for such a lonely widow, the ruling class did not miss the opportunity to squeeze her, and the means were so cruel: mulberry leaves were still wasted in paying taxes, and after the rural areas were deserted, they were still seeking seedlings. The tax here refers to paying silk tax; Collecting seedlings refers to collecting young crops tax, which was added by Zong Guangde in the second year. Because it is collected before the grain matures, it is called. In ancient times, agriculture and mulberry were the basis. Due to the destruction of the war, the mulberry forest was cut down and the countryside was deserted, but the government ignored the people's lives and imposed taxes and planted seedlings. Cruel tax exploitation makes lonely and poor widows unable to make a living.
Picking wild vegetables and roots to cook, spinning raw leaves to burn, I saw her dig wild vegetables from time to time and cook them with roots. It is also very difficult to burn firewood at ordinary times. It takes leaves to burn firewood. These two sentences use double emphasis, and through this artistic emphasis, the unimaginable plight of widows in the mountains is rendered. Finally, in the face of the dark reality of the people's misery, the poet said with deep feelings: No matter how deep the mountain is, there should be no way to avoid the levy. There are poisonous snakes and beasts in the mountains, which pose a great threat to people. The widow couldn't stand the oppression of heavy taxes and had to flee into the mountains. However, the claws of exploitation are pervasive, and even if you flee to the deep mountains and forests, it is difficult to escape the trap of tax corvee. Ren is, and should be used well. It can be seen that the poet's brushwork reveals the evil nature of feudal rulers like a dagger.
Poetry is based on emotion and touches readers' heartstrings with emotion. The reason why Widow in the Mountain is touching lies in its strong emotional color. But poetry does not directly express feelings, but appeals to the description of the fate of the characters. The poet wrote the widow's sufferings to the extreme, created a strong tragic atmosphere, made the people's sufferings and the poet's feelings naturally revealed through the description of life scenes, and produced touching artistic power. Finally, the poem arouses emotions on the basis of image description and leads readers to a broader realm, which not only makes people see the suffering of a widow in the mountains, but also makes people imagine the suffering of more people who share the same fate with the widow. This exposes the cruel exploitation from a wider scope and deeper degree, deepens the theme and makes the meaning of the poem more profound.