1. Su Shi’s experience (about 150 words)
Su Shi (1037-1101), courtesy name Zizhan, also known as Dongpo Jushi, was a native of Meishan, Sichuan and an outstanding writer of the Northern Song Dynasty. A calligrapher and painter, he is known as the "Three Su" together with his father Su Xun and younger brother Su Zhe.
Su Shi was a Jinshi at the age of 21. During the Shenzong period, he served in Fengxiang, Hangzhou, Mizhou, Xuzhou, Huzhou and other places. In the third year of Yuanfeng (1080), he was framed for the "Wutai Poetry Case" and was demoted to Huangzhou as deputy envoy of Tuanlian. He spent more than four years in Huangzhou and cultivated wasteland on the east slope of the city, so he called himself "Dongpo Jushi". .
After Zhezong ascended the throne, he served as a bachelor of the Hanlin Academy, a bachelor of attendance, and a minister of the Ministry of Rites. He also went to Hangzhou, Yingzhou, Yangzhou, Dingzhou and other places. In his later years, he was demoted to Huizhou and Danzhou. Amnesty returned to the north. He died of illness in Changzhou on the way and was buried in Jiaxian County, Henan Province. He was posthumously named Wenzhong Gong. 2. Su Shi's Travel Notes on Songfeng Pavilion Extracurricular Classical Chinese Essays
"Travel Notes on Songfeng Pavilion"
Yu Chang lived in Jiayou Temple in Huizhou and walked under Songfeng Pavilion. When your strength is exhausted, your thoughts and desires cease. Wangtingyu is still at the end of the tree. How to get it? After a long time, he suddenly said: "What's the place to rest here?" He was like a fish on a hook, suddenly freed. If one understands this, even if the troops are in formation and the drums are beating like thunder, if one advances, the enemy will be dead, and if one retreats, one will die. However, you might as well take a rest if you feel uncomfortable.
Translation:
Dongpo once stayed at Jiayou Temple in Huizhou. One day, while walking near Shofutei, I felt my legs were exhausted and wanted to rest in the woods. But I saw the eaves of Songfeng Pavilion still far away in the woods, and thought: How can I get there. Later, I thought about it again, and suddenly I had an understanding: "Why can't I rest here?" I suddenly had an epiphany, just like a fish that was hooked and suddenly found relief. Although Su Shi was demoted from the second rank to the ninth rank and traveled to Hainan, his political mentality and life have become more peaceful in his later years. "Why do people have to climb to a certain peak? Why not appreciate the scenery along the way? How about taking a rest and then going down the mountain? ”
Appreciation
If a person understands this, even if the troops are connected and the sound of the drums is like thunder, if you advance, you will die, and if you retreat, you will die. What should you do? You might as well take a break at some point.
Mr. Dongpo believes that in life, only by being content with the trend of the times and obeying the laws of nature can we make progress and retreat and be happy with success or failure. People cannot set limits for themselves, they must give themselves more freedom, and they cannot force advancement or retreat. 3. A classical Chinese article of about 150 words
"Shi De Xishan Banquet Travel Notes" Liu Zongyuan's original text: I have been killing people since I was spared, and I live in this state, and I am always worried about Li.
If there is a gap, then give and go, and swim in a long way. One day, he and his disciples went up high mountains, into deep forests, and back to streams. There were secluded springs and strange rocks all the way.
When they arrive, they sit on the grass and pour the pot over to get drunk. When they are drunk, they lie down on each other's pillows and dream. The meaning is extreme, and the dream is also of the same interest.
Arise when you wake up, and return when you rise. I thought that all the strange things in the mountains in the state were due to me, but I didn't realize the strangeness of the Xishan Mountains.
On September 28th this year, while sitting in the Western Pavilion of the Lotus and looking at the Western Mountains, I began to notice something different. Then he ordered his servants to cross the Xiangjiang River, cut the hazel bushes, burn the grass and grass, and stop at the height of the poor mountains.
If you climb up with a hand and fly with a skip, all the soil in several states will be under the skip mat. Its high and low position is as complicated as a cave, thousands of miles in size, and it is impossible to escape. It is green and white, and the sky is the same outside.
Then I realized that this is a unique mountain, not similar to Pei* (Tulu). You are as long as you are with the high energy, but you don't know where it ends; you are like wandering with the Creator, but you don't know where it ends.
After drinking a glass of wine, I became slumped and drunk. I didn’t know the sun was coming in. The pale twilight came from afar, and I couldn’t see anything, but I still didn’t want to go back. The heart condenses the form and releases it, and merges with all things.
Then I realized that I had not begun to swim toward it, but had just begun to swim there, so I wrote this article with ambition. It is the year of Suiyuan and the fourth year.
"Shi De Xishan Banquet Travel Notes" Translation by Liu Zongyuan: Ever since I became a devalued and humiliated person, living in this state, I have often been frightened and uneasy. In my free time, I walked slowly and traveled aimlessly. Every day I went to high mountains, deep forests, and winding streams with my colleagues and friends.
Wherever there are springs and strange rocks, no matter how far away they are, they can’t reach them; as soon as they arrive, they will push aside the thatch and sit down, pour out the wine from the pot and get drunk to their heart’s content; when they are drunk, they will lie on each other’s pillows Sleep, dream when you are asleep, wherever you think in your mind, your dream will come to you; when you wake up, you get up, and when you get up, you go home. I thought that all the strange features of the mountains and rivers in this state were owned and appreciated by me, but I never knew the weirdness and uniqueness of Xishan.
On September 28 this year, while sitting in the Fahua West Pavilion and looking at the Western Mountains, I began to point at it and praise its wonder. So he ordered his servants to cross the Xiangjiang River and cut down the dense vegetation and burn the dense thatch along the Ran River until they reached the top of the mountain.
Then, we climbed up the mountain, stretched out our legs and sat down to admire the scenery. We saw that the land of all the states was under our cushions.
Their situation is: the peaks are towering, the valleys are sunken, some are like small mounds, and some are like caves; the scenery thousands of miles away is close to you, all kinds of scenery gather and shrink together, and there is no way to escape or hide in it. What is beyond the sight; the green mountains and white waters are intertwined with each other, and the scenery beyond the horizon is connected to the sky. It is the same when you look around.
Then I knew that the mountain was so outstanding that it was not the same as the hills. The mind is endlessly integrated with the atmosphere between heaven and earth, no one knows their boundaries; boundless, playing with nature, not knowing their end.
I picked up the wine glass and filled it with wine. I was so drunk that I didn't know that the sun was setting. The dim evening comes from afar, and when it comes, you can't see anything, but you don't want to go home yet.
His mind was frozen, his body dissipated, and he merged quietly with all things. Then I realized that my previous tours could not be counted as tours, and the real tour only started from this time.
So I wrote an article as a description of this trip. This year is the fourth year of Yuanhe. 4. A 200-word travel note in classical Chinese
The wind was gentle and the sky was clear and clear. I went to Hongshan Park with my parents to play. Hongshan Park has wonderful scenery and a rich aroma of books, making the historical sites and modern buildings harmoniously blend together. In addition to the thrilling recreational facilities, it is favored by the citizens of Urumqi. The Red Mountain is also the iconic landscape of Urumqi. It is more than 900 meters high and is known as "red" due to its purple sandstone structure and ocher-red appearance. The name of "Mountain". The appearance of the Red Mountain is like a giant dragon lying across the Western Mountain, with its head protruding from the Urumqi River. The three of us went to the park and looked around, all green. We walked through it, visited the Great Buddha Temple, and took photos. In front of the door, we went to the Ferris wheel. We sat on the Ferris wheel and looked out the window. The scenery was pleasant and the field of vision was unique. My mother was afraid of heights, so she closed her eyes tightly and held on to my arm. Her timidity made me laugh. After a while, as for the top of Hongshan, I saw the statue of Lin Zexu standing here, with a tripod standing next to it, called the "Bronze Cauldron for Prohibition of Drugs". Going up a little, you can see the top of Hongshan - Hongshan Tower, with its brick-red appearance, and After taking pictures, we walked down the road. As for the "underground palace", which is more than 400 meters long, it is eerie and terrifying. The statues have ferocious eyes. The scenes described are all about the cycle of life and death, karma, retribution, heart dissection, or gouging out. Eyes. The further you enter, the more chilly you feel, and the horrible sights and ghostly sounds make you more frightened. Coming out of the underground palace, you feel deeply. Good will be rewarded with good, and evil will be punished with evil. This is the principle from ancient times. Siwu The trip to Red Mountain was truly enjoyable and fulfilling. 5. Write a paragraph of Su Dongpo in 150 words
Choose a paragraph of your choice!
Su Shi's life can be summarized by the "Four Threes": never forgetting the title on the Golden List of Three Things, the Wutai Poetry Case, and the favor of the Queen Mother; never forgetting that the three of them respected Ouyang Xiu and Su Wei as their fathers and teachers. I respect Wang Anshi and Sima Guang who are both respectful and contradictory; I don't forget the three places of Huangzhou, Huizhou, and Danzhou; I don't forget the brotherhood between San Qing and Su Che, the life and death love with Wang Fu, and the unrequited love with Chaoyun. Almost every part of his life is connected with legend. For example, when he was named on the gold list, he changed from first to second, but became more famous; in the Wutai Poetry Case, he narrowly escaped death and was demoted to Huangzhou, but he had a golden period of creation; he gave gifts to his younger brother Zhe, The poems mourning the death of his wife have been circulated by thousands of people and have endured for a long time.
Su Shi is a unique genius in the history of Chinese culture, a rare all-rounder, a multi-level and all-round cultural master, and not just a literary giant. With its miraculous writing style, profound knowledge, wise thoughts, noble personality, rich life experiences, great achievements in many aspects, and its everlasting humor, it can be said that only great heroes can show their true colors. A true celebrity comes from the wind. In the long history of Chinese culture, his name is a monument!
He is good at prose creation, and his famous works such as "Ode to the Former Red Cliff" and "Ode to the Later Red Cliff" are well-known and embody the sense of urgency and humanistic spirit of Chinese literati. His poems skillfully combine the spirit of realism and romantic style, are colorful and beautiful, and represent the highest level of Song poetry. His lyrics are fresh and bold, with broad themes, free expression and majestic momentum, creating a bold style of poetry. His calligraphy and painting have also reached a very high level. In addition, he has unique attainments in philosophy, tea ceremony, cooking, health preservation, and garden art.
His appearance is both accidental and inevitable; his talent is both ordinary and extraordinary; his thoughts are instantaneous but have far-reaching influence; his character is both free and easy but also ordinary. .
Because of Su Shi's great achievements in many aspects, because of his more people-oriented nature, because of his wise thoughts that always flashed the light of wisdom, and because of his extraordinary and unparalleled talents, he has been praised by so many people for thousands of years. He is loved by everyone and has a reputation; and because of his rich life experience, he often becomes the topic and content of people's conversations. Naturally, students often like to use Dongpo's deeds as topics or materials when writing compositions. It is no exaggeration to say that Dongpo can be found wherever there is composition. This is precisely because Su Shi’s spirit and thoughts have long been integrated into Chinese culture and history, and are still influencing our endless cultural creation and inheritance.
As a person, Su Shi maintained his steadfast integrity and independent personality in the face of almost life-threatening adversity, and never followed the crowd; as an official, Su Shi insisted on serving as an official and benefiting one place, preventing floods in Xuzhou and building embankments in Hangzhou , granting museums in Danzhou, building water conservancy, building bridges and digging wells, and administering medicine for disaster relief are all recorded in history; in terms of life attitude, Su Shi maintained an optimistic and open-minded attitude and positive pursuit even when he was in desperate situations. 6. <150-word beautiful passage describing ancient figures such as Su Shi
Most ancient Chinese literati hoped to achieve great service to the country and the people through serving as officials, but because of their self-proclaimed personality, Violating the operating rules of official power, violating the power of politicians, and being squeezed and destroyed by political elites. In order to maintain his sincerity of serving the country and the people, and being loyal to the emperor and the master, and because of his unabashed sincerity, Su Shi offended the reformers and conservatives in the complex political struggle. His outstanding talents originally aroused the jealousy of many people around him, and his unrestrained personality just provided these jealous people with a natural reason to punish him.
In the second year of Yuanfeng, the imperial censors Li Ding, Shu Yu and others excerpted sentences from Su Shi's "Huzhou Xie Shangbiao" and previous poems, and arrested Su Shi for slandering the New Deal. Although Su Shi's poems did ridicule current affairs, including problems in the reform process, this literary inquisition was purely political persecution. Because the deputy prime minister lacked certain common sense, he filed a complaint before Shenzong. After a long trial of five months, the case was finally closed and Su Shi was demoted to deputy envoy of the regiment training of Huangzhou. He stayed in Huangzhou for five years.
This is the famous literary prison "Wutai Poetry Case". This heavy political blow was almost fatal to Su Shi, who had a relatively smooth political career in his early days. It caused obvious changes in his thinking and creation. Su Shi also entered an important period of reflection in his life.
The result of this reflection is Su Shi’s fundamental denial of some of his previous attitudes towards life. He no longer showed off his arrogance but chose to be humble and indifferent, no longer showed off his sharpness but chose to hide his capabilities and bide his time, and no longer showed off but chose to gain momentum. . But what we should understand is that Su Shi is by no means passively withdrawing, not hating himself, but cherishing himself too much. Like Tao Yuanming and Li Bai, they do not want to let the nastiness of officialdom taint their souls, and they do not want to let dirty morality and power transactions ruin their reputations. He is purifying the impurity of this world and making it transparent. unknown.
Su Shi’s transformation allows us to see the helplessness of the literati in that repressive era; Su Shi’s pain allows us to clearly see the hardship and bitterness of culture; Su Shi’s experience allows us to see the ancient Chinese literati Although he is weak in body, he sticks to his ideological position and refuses to compromise. The tragedy of Su Shi is not his own tragedy, but the tragedy of the entire era. It is the tragedy of the traditional inertia of our ancient country. From the lonely figure of this old man stumbling forward, we can see too much helplessness and sentimentality of Chinese literati , too much loneliness and loneliness.
Because there is no freedom in politics. You cannot laugh when you are happy, and you must laugh when you are unhappy; you cannot cry when you are sad, and you must cry when you are not sad. If you want to thrive in the servile officialdom, you must give up your individuality, your true temperament, and your natural personality.
When Su Shi figured this out, it was on a summer night. The breeze on the river and the bright moon in the mountains were like a key that opened Su Shi's mind. He turned around with difficulty, and inadvertently, magnificent words stood out between the mountain peaks, and colorful articles rippled in the flowing water. The Chinese literary world is about to usher in two powerful poems. And Su Shi's turn around thousands of years ago, inadvertently, has achieved thousands of years of beauty.
We should understand that literati like Su Shi are actually pursuing a free state of life. The pursuit of freedom and transcendence of the soul is their philosophy that will remain unchanged until death. Being an official or serving in politics is just the path they choose to realize their ideals, not the ultimate goal.
After reflection, Su Shi completely integrated the traditional Chinese scholar-official Confucian thoughts of actively engaging with the world and the Buddhist and Taoist thoughts of escaping from the world, allowing people to find a ray of warmth and peace of mind in the gap between power and interests. An insistence on beliefs and values, this is Su Shi's philosophy. Therefore, in this sense, Su Shi was demoted to Huangzhou due to the "Wutai Poetry Case", which was a blessing for Su Shi. After reflection, he got rid of the shackles of his thoughts and gained a liberation from human nature.
Too many of his beautiful poems have been recited from generation to generation, and his sincere and honest temperament, which he never concealed, was freely released again and again. He is lonely in beauty, and even more beautiful in his loneliness.
We say that it is not terrible for the Song Dynasty to lose an official like Su Shi, but the Chinese literary world will become eclipsed without Su Shi.
He embraces life with a calm and fearless heart and treats life with a serious and responsible attitude. He is brilliant and stands above the ordinary activities. In our gaze, a heart that was once sharp and radiant gradually returns to clarity, emptiness, indifference and tranquility. This is Su Shi's maturity in the true sense, a maturity that sees through life and deals with it well, like a bright moon in the mountains. The full moon is silent and the moon is silent, but it spreads its mellow and soft radiance all over the world. This is the grand realm of life.
Su Shi left us an extremely rich literary and cultural heritage. With his personal practice, he established a spiritual standard of personality for us and established a sound cultural person for us. personality pattern. Su Shi's life has ended, but he will shine like the bright moon forever in the history of Chinese poetry and culture, influencing generations of literati for a long time.
Su Shi’s loneliness and beauty will remain in the hearts of our descendants forever. 7. 150-word ancient prose
No other requirements? Theme, central idea, what is it about? (Biographies, travel notes or Yuefu, this era, aristocratic families, watches or books, etc.) Which aspect? Read the article below and ask again if it doesn’t work.
"The Theory of Love of Lotus" (Song Dynasty) Zhou Dunyi
The flowers of land and water are very lovely. Tao Yuanming of the Jin Dynasty only loved chrysanthemums; since the Li and Tang Dynasties, the world has loved peonies; I only love the lotus that emerges from the mud but is not stained; Jingzhi can be viewed from a distance but cannot be played with. I say chrysanthemum, the flower that represents seclusion; peony, the flower that represents wealth and honor; lotus, the flower that represents the gentleman. Alas! The love of chrysanthemums is rarely heard of after Tao; the love of lotus, no one can give it to anyone; the love of peony is suitable for everyone.
Original text of "The Peach Blossom Spring"
During the Taiyuan period of the Jin Dynasty, a native of Wuling was a fisherman. He walked along the stream, forgetting the distance of the road, and suddenly came across a peach blossom forest. There are hundreds of steps along the bank, and there are no trees in the middle. The grass is delicious and the fallen flowers are colorful. Fishermen are very different. Going forward again, I want to exhaust the forest. When the forest runs out of water, there is a mountain. There is a small opening in the mountain, as if there is light. Then he left the boat and entered through the mouth.
At the beginning it was extremely narrow, and then I understood people; after taking dozens of steps, I suddenly became enlightened. The land is flat and the houses are scattered. There are fertile fields, beautiful ponds, mulberry and bamboo trees, traffic on the streets, and chickens and dogs hearing each other. Among them, the men and women are dressed like outsiders, their yellow hair is hanging down, and they are enjoying themselves. When he saw the fisherman, he was shocked. He asked where he had come from and gave him an answer. Then he returned home, where he set up wine and killed chickens for food. Hearing about this person in the village, Xian came to inquire. Ziyun's ancestors escaped from the chaos of the Qin Dynasty and led his wife's people to this desperate situation. They never came out, so they separated themselves from outsiders. When I ask what era this is, I don’t know whether there was the Han Dynasty or the Wei and Jin Dynasties. What this person said one by one made everyone sigh. The rest of the people went to their homes again, where they all had wine and food. Stop for a few days and resign. The saying goes: "It's not enough to teach outsiders."
After getting out and getting the boat, he helped him to the road and looked for it everywhere. When he went to the county, he went to the prefect and said so. The prefect immediately sent people to follow him in search of his desired destination, but he lost his way and could no longer find the way. Liu Ziji from Nanyang, a noble scholar, heard about it and went there happily. Without success, he ends up seeking illness. After that, no one cared.
In addition, Pu Songling's "Wolf"
Returning late after a slaughter, all the meat in the load was gone, and only the bones were left. On the way, two wolves traveled a long distance.
Slaughter fear and throw bones into it. One wolf has its bones to stop, but the other wolf still obeys. Throw it again, the rear wolf stops and the front wolf comes again. The bones are gone, but the two waves are driving together as before. Tu Da was embarrassed and feared that he would be attacked from both front and rear. There is a wheat field in Guye, and the owner has accumulated salary in it, covering it into a mound with thatch. Tu Nai ran and leaned under him, holding his knife with his shoulders relaxed. The wolves did not dare to move forward and stared at each other. After a while, a wolf walked away, and a dog sat in front of it. After a long time, the eyes seem to be at rest and the mind is very idle. When the slaughter started, he chopped the wolf's head with a knife and killed it several times. He was about to start, but he turned around and saw a wolf hole in it, intending to enter the tunnel to attack the rear. The body was already halfway in, and the buttocks and tail were no longer exposed. . Cut off the back of the wolf and kill it. The wolf is pretending to be asleep in front of him to lure the enemy. 8. A classical Chinese or ancient poem of about 150 words
In the autumn of Renxu (xū), in the seventh month, Su Zi and his guests were boating under Red Cliff. p> The breeze is blowing, and the water is calm. I hold my wine and recite the poem of the bright moon, and sing the graceful chapter.
Young (shǎo), the moon rises above the east mountain, wandering in the sky. (dǒu) Between the cows, the white dew spreads across the river, and the water reaches the sky.
As far as a reed is concerned, it is as vast as a píng flying in the wind, and I don’t know where it is. Stop; fluttering as if leaving the world alone, emerging into immortality.
So I drank and had great fun, and sang the song: "The osmanthus (zhào) is flying with the orchid oar, hitting the sky and tracing the sky." Streaming light.
I feel like I am in my arms, looking at the beauty in the sky. "There is a guest who plays the flute, and he sings and sings.
His voice is like a whimper. Resentment is like admiration, like crying, the lingering sound is like a thread, dancing in the secluded valley, weeping in the lonely boat.
Su Zi was stunned, sitting upright. , and asked the guest: "Why is this so?" The guest said: "'The moon and stars are sparse, and the black magpie flies south.' Isn't this a poem by Cao Mengde? Looking west to Xiakou, east to Wuchang.
< p> Mountains and rivers are close to each other, and the sky is green. Isn't this what Meng De was trapped in Zhou Lang? (jīng) The flag covers the sky, the wine (shī) is near the river, and the horizontal tree (shuò) composes poems. I am a hero for a lifetime. How are you now? Kuangwu and Zi Yuqiao (qiáo) are on the river Zhu (zhǔ). , Friends with fish and shrimps, and friends with elk (mí) deer. They ride on a small boat with a leaf and hold up a bottle (zhǔ).Send flies (fú) (yóu) to the sky and the earth. A drop in the ocean.
I mourn the brief moment of my life, and envy the infinity of the Yangtze River.
Carrying (xié) flying immortals to travel, holding the bright moon and ending up. I don't know how unexpected it is, but I left it in the sad wind. "
Su Zi said: "Does a guest also know that my husband has water and the moon? Those who have passed away are like this, but they have not yet passed away; those who are full and empty are like that, but their deaths are not waxing and waning. If you look at the changes that have occurred since then, you will see that heaven and earth have never been able to change in an instant.
Looking at it from the perspective of being unchanging, both things and myself are endless, so why should we envy it? Moreover, between heaven and earth, everything has its own owner. It's not my property, even if I don't take any of it.
Only the cool breeze on the river and the bright moon in the mountains. The ear picks it up and it becomes sound, the eyes meets it and it becomes color.
There is no limit to what we can take and we can use it inexhaustibly. This is the infinite treasure of the Creator, and this is what I and my son are most comfortable with. "The guest smiled with joy, washed his cup and drank more wine.
The core of the food (yáo) was gone, and the cups and plates were in a mess (jí). We were lying on each other's pillows in the boat, I don’t know that the East is white.