The shadow of Sang Zhe is scattered in the Spring Club, and every family is intoxicated.
[ Notes ](1) Social Day: an ancient festival to worship the land gods. Once in spring and autumn, it is called Spring Club and Autumn Club. (2) Dolphin pen: pigpen. Chicken habitat: chicken nest. Leaf: door. (3) Sangzhe: Mulberry and Zhezhe trees.
[ translation] At the foot of the Goose Lake, the crops are growing happily, and every household is full of pigs and chickens. It's getting late, and the shadows of mulberry trees and zheshu trees are getting longer and longer, and the feast of the Spring Festival Society is gradually dispersed. Drunk people go home happily with the help of their families.
In ancient spring and autumn, there were two routine days of offering sacrifices to the earth gods, which were called Spring Festival Society and Autumn Society respectively. In this way, the ancient working people not only expressed their good wishes for reducing natural disasters and getting a bumper harvest, but also took advantage of such festivals to carry out recreational activities that were very rare for them. When the social day comes, people gather and compete, perform various kinds of cooperative performances and have a collective feast, which is very lively. Yang Wanli, a poet in the Song Dynasty, vividly described in Guan She: "As a writer, he has a good view of the ancestral temple, and Shan Nong prays for the New Year. Where did the flute and drum suddenly come from? Children are the most pitiful! The tiger's head and leopard's face are self-care, and the wild city dances compete for each other. The princes will spare you and honor you, and you won't be mad for a day! " Wang Jia's "Society Day" is written in a completely different way. It does not write the scene of the society in a positive way, but it also writes the joy of this festival, and it is far more popular than Yang Wanli's poem.
at first, the poem did not write the topic of "social day", but began with the scenery of the village. Ehushan, in today's lead mountain county, Jiangxi province, is a very attractive place name. The name of the lake reminds people of the southern rural scenery with geese and ducks in flocks, fish and shrimp in ponds and beautiful mountains and rivers. The Spring Club belongs to mid-spring, which means that the crops in the field grow well and the harvest is in sight. The scenery outside the village is so charming, so what about inside the village? Everywhere is a rich scene, full of pigs and chickens. In connection with the description in the first sentence, it can be said that the five grains are abundant and the six livestock are prosperous. Therefore, although one or two sentences did not mention anything about the co-operative, they first wrote the festive atmosphere of the festival. These two sentences are not written about the people who live in the village. The word "half-closed door" tells readers that the villagers are not at home and the doors are half-closed. "Half-hidden" without locking, it can be seen that the folk customs are honest and rich in good years. The ancients often used "not closing the door at night" to express the peace and tranquility of the environment, and the detail description of "half-closed door" is very expressive. At the same time, it implies that every family of villagers has gone to the social day, cleverly transferring poetry to the post-association.
the last two sentences are about "social day". It is worth noting that the poet did not write about the lively scene of the performance of the club, but wrote about the scene after the club broke up. "The shadow of the mulberry leaves is oblique". As the sun sets, the shadows of the trees are getting longer and longer, indicating that it is getting late. At the same time, there are "mulberry trees" planted in the village, which shows that sericulture is also doing well. The choice of words reflects the poet's artistic ingenuity. After the Spring Festival broke up, people's voices gradually faded, and a scene can be seen everywhere, that is, some villagers who were drunk to celebrate the social day were helped home by their families and neighbors. "Every family" is an exaggeration, which shows the universality of this situation. It is quite unique to choose an ending that gradually returns to peace after the climax instead of writing the lively and happy scene of the social day. It is suggestive, and readers will naturally associate it with the whole process of co-operation and co-operation through this conclusion. The detail of "intoxicating" can remind people of the villagers' high spirits in viewing the society. It is precisely because they are happy that they don't feel greedy, and this happiness is inseparable from the joy of harvest.
this poem does not write the front side, but writes the scene of the society and the day through the details of life with typical significance and image suggestion, which is extremely economical in pen and ink, but extremely rich in content. This implicit expression is very suitable for the short genre of quatrains, which makes people feel short and have a long aftertaste after reading them. Of course, in feudal society, farmers' life is generally not as good as that written in this poem, and the poet obviously beautifies the life of Tian family in the style of "Peach Blossom Garden". However, it should also be noted that it is natural for farmers to be happy during festivals when natural disasters are reduced and agriculture is bumper.