(1) The question of "poetic eye" or "refined character"
Setup question:
What do you think of a sentence or a word in a poem? Why?
(2) From one or two sentences, find a word that best reflects the poet's feelings.
(3) Which phonetic version of this poem associates a sentence with a word? What do you think: Of these two words,
Which is better? Why?
(4) What is the function of words in expression?
Answer hint: the ancients often pursued a vivid word when writing poems. This kind of question is designed to taste the beauty of these words tempered by the ancients. When answering the question, you should not put it word for word, but put it back in the sentence and analyze it with the artistic conception, theme and poet's feelings of the whole poem.
Key points:
(1) definitely "good" or which is better;
(2) Explain the semantic and linguistic meaning of the word in the sentence;
(3) Expand association and imagination, and describe the scene by reducing the word you think is "good" into one sentence;
Point out what feelings the word expresses or what artistic conception it sets off.
For example, which word is better, the word "lost" or "wide" in the third sentence of Wang Wan's "The next berth on the North Fort Mountain"?
[Answer] ① The word "wide" is better. (2) width means openness and broadness (this step can sometimes be combined into one point). The spring tide makes the river boundless, and the banks are particularly wide. The word "broad" directly expresses the poet's strong feeling of broadening his horizons. (Only the word "wide" is good for this question, and no points will be given without specific analysis. When answering questions, the serial number can generally be omitted, and it is listed here in points to remind you not to miss some steps or points. The same below. )
(2) the meaning of sentences
Setup question:
What do the last two sentences mean? What thoughts and feelings did the author express?
Talk about your understanding or appreciation of the fourth sentence or the fourth sentence in combination with the whole poem.
Answer hint: to explain the meaning of a poem, we should pay attention to the meaning expressed in language and the meaning in language, and point out its function or what feelings and thoughts are expressed in combination with the whole poem
Key points: ① Explain the meaning of language, and sometimes explore its deep meaning.
(2) Point out the descriptive function of poetry, or express what feelings and themes.
For example, talk about Li Bai's understanding of "My heart remains the same when the mountains are dark and the autumn is crisp" in the fourth part of Listening to Shu Monk Luo playing the piano.
[Answer] (1) Write the scenery at the end of the song and the state in which the poet is immersed in the sound of the piano. ② The side describes the charm of piano sound.
(3) Artistic conception type questions
Setup question:
(1) What images are written in which two couplets in the poem? Please analyze the artistic conception of scene blending.
(2) On the basis of understanding the whole poem, briefly analyze how the poet created the artistic conception in one or two sentences.
③ Explain the meaning of a couplet and analyze the relationship between emotion and scenery.
Answer prompt: Artistic conception refers to the artistic realm produced by the poet's subjective feeling and the blending of form and spirit of things. Because the beauty of this artistic realm often exceeds the original intention of poetry, it not only embodies the basic characteristics of poetry, but also has the artistic effect of "incoherent and endless meaning", so artistic conception has become the core issue in poetry appreciation.
Key points:
① Find out the image in the poem.
(2) Expand association and imagination, and reproduce the picture in your own language.
(3) It is pointed out that the characteristics of the atmosphere created by the scenery can be summarized by two disyllabic adjectives, such as magnificent, quiet and beautiful, lonely and desolate, desolate and miserable.
④ Expressed the poet's thoughts and feelings, such as joy, joy, excitement, sadness, sadness, parting, attachment, praise, admiration, heroism, leisure, tranquility, etc., or what kind of inspiration and thinking it gives people, and pointed out the reasons.
Example: Ask Du Fu's Jianghan, "Jianghan is homesick and Gan Kun is a pedant. The sky is far away, and the moon is lonely all night. The heart of the setting sun is still strong, and the autumn wind is sick. In ancient times, you didn't have to walk a long way to save an old horse. " In the second and third parts of the poem, several images are used, such as "a cloud", "a lonely moon", "sunset" and "autumn wind". Please analyze their scenes and their artistic conception. What kind of feelings did you express?
A: ① The "cloud" in the second couplet floats to the distant horizon, indicating that the poet is drifting away from his hometown; The "lonely moon" in Long Night means that the poet is far from being alone with the moon. Thirdly, use "sunset" to describe twilight; Autumn Wind is a real scene. (2) The combination of the two couplets creates a lonely and desolate artistic conception with a lofty sky and a long road to Xiu Yuan. (3) The poem mentions "strengthening the heart", "thinking about illness" and "saving the old horse", from which we can see that the poet refuses to accept the old age and is not afraid of illness, and is permeated with a spirit of self-improvement and active use of the world; At the same time, from the perspective of the couplet, the poet has a feeling of being old and strong, but he has been wandering all his life and was eventually abandoned, which is much less resentful than the old horse.
(4) Thematic questions
Setup question:
Regarding the content of this poem, some people think it is this way, some people think it is that way, and some people think it is both. What's your opinion? Please briefly explain the reasons.
(2) This word clearly describes the real scene in front of us and secretly contains the vicissitudes of history. Appreciate the related poems in the ci and combine them with the whole poem.
Answer prompt: Poetry expresses ambition, always expressing certain thoughts and feelings and pursuing certain ambitions. To identify the content of a poem, we should analyze the specific content of the poem and link it with the author's views, attitudes and social significance on the theme of the work.
Key points:
(1) Analyze which poems have been written.
(2) What emotions are expressed or pinned? What is hidden?
Example: It is pointed out that the word "Jiangchengzi" written by Ouyang Jiong in the Five Dynasties clearly describes the real scene in front of him and implicitly contains the vicissitudes of history. Try to appreciate the whole poem.
[a] "Water is ruthless" clearly describes the scenery of the eastbound Yangtze River outside Jinling City under the afterglow of sunset; It means that the emperors of the Six Dynasties were ruthlessly eliminated by history, and the extravagant life is gone forever. "The moon is over Gusutai", it is clear that the prosperity of the Six Dynasties has gone, leaving only the bright moon hanging high; Implicitly warned future generations not to repeat the mistakes of the Six Dynasties.