Early autumn
Guilin has different scenery, and autumn is like Luoyangchun.
I was fine at night, obviously worried about killing people.
Juanyun mountain corner, gravel water phosphorus.
The world is yellow and old, and the wonderful years are lonely and secluded.
What is precious to me when I am lying in the sea?
In 7 10 year (the first year of Jing Yun), he acceded to the throne, and was exiled to Qinzhou (now Qinzhou, Guangxi) because Song was attached to Wu Sansi. This is the second time that he has been demoted to Lingnan. The poem "An Chu Qiu Ri" was written by him when he went to Qinzhou and passed through Guilin. The Book of the Old Tang Dynasty said that he was "slandered again, and his poems spread far and near." "An Chu Qiu Ri" was a widely circulated melody at that time.
The poet keenly grasped the characteristics of Lingnan phenology and immediately cut into Chen Qi's unique feelings for Guilin. At the end of the second paragraph, the content of the previous sentence "different scenery" is explained: "Autumn is like Luoyangchun". The poet didn't say what the spring day in Luoyang was like, but people are familiar with it. The willows are green, the flowers are blooming and the songs are sung. Only the word "Luo Yangchun" tells the beautiful autumn scenery of Guilin. This poem is both general and specific, concise and full of charm. The next two poems are even more novel and amazing. "A good night by the river is clearly worrying about killing people." In this evening, after the rain cleared, the afterglow of the sunset poured on the river. Although the river is beautiful, it can only make people more sad. The word "completely different" enlivens the meaning of the sentence and personalizes Jiang Tian, which seems to be intentionally annoying. "The corner of Yunshan is rolling, and the gravel water is phosphorus." When the evening wind strikes, the clouds are scattered and the peaks are swaying, like the horns of a wild animal drilling in the corner; The river is very clear, and you can see the pebbles below it. The river shuttles between pebbles, giving off the sound of phosphorus, which is very nice. A simple and vivid description like this has lost all its charm.
Starting from the seventh and eighth sentences, I began to describe my feelings. "Huang Lao's career is Huang Lao's business, and his wonderful years are lonely and secluded." Huang Lao, the ancestor of Taoism, Huangdi Laozi, praised his family name as Huang Lao. Praise hermits for learning from the theory of Huangdi and Laozi, being free from vulgarity and being able to swim in the outside world. Song Wenzhi learned Taoism in his early years and lived in seclusion in Luhun Mountain Villa. The implication here is that I regret that I have not been able to persist in seclusion and have always been enthusiastic about my official career, so that I have reached the point of "walking around with great anger" and "losing my mind." He was demoted once and then exiled, so he had the idea that he might as well retire. During this exile, he wrote the book "Knowing Books from Hongfu Weeks", saying: "The wonderful year is dull and gloomy, and the literature and history are bright. Humiliating purple mud book, floating in the clouds. Every time something hurts, pets often swear to stop. Ming Gu Huai Bao, inverse scales make gold. If there is trouble, the disaster of returning farmland will still occur. Living in the rock is my policy and I am ashamed of honesty. " It is shameful to imply that you can't get in or out. He experienced the ups and downs of his career. "What is precious to me when I am in the sea?" This shows that I am eager to retire. It means: go home, go to that island, and get away from this world. What is more precious than your own life in this world? The first sigh and the second retort are profound and powerful, and contain infinite bitterness and helplessness. The beautiful landscape of Guilin in front of him can only increase his troubles and sadness. Soon, he was ordered to commit suicide. "Old Tang Book" said that he was "born and died in migration". The Book of the New Tang Dynasty says that he "gave Guilin to die", and the plot is very sad: "The title is shocking and undecided. Zu Yong asked the messenger to say, "If you ask for a wife, you are lucky to hear it". The messenger agreed, but when asked, he was afraid that he could not do housework. Zu Yong was very angry and said, "If you share the responsibility with the public, this country should die." . "Why do you want to go back to evil?" Eat, bathe, die. "This time in exile, the poet has a presentiment run.
Extended Reading: Song Wenzhi's Evaluation of Poetry
The main achievement of Song Dynasty, like Shen Quanqi, is to refine the metrical patterns since the Six Dynasties, improve the system of five-character metrical poems and create a new style of seven-character metrical poems. He is also one of the founders of metrical poetry.
As a poet, Song Wenzhi was famous when he was young. "He was especially good at five-character poems, but he was second to none at that time." Judging from the works included in Song Wenzhi Collection and Complete Tang Poetry, he had a good grasp of the genre at that time and was familiar with the use of famous articles and sentences. For example, the short song "Winter Clouds Lead Sima Cheng Town" V. Friendship sentence: "In the cold pool of the bright moon, youth is fading. This feeling is not for the laity, but for endless love. " The five-character ancient poem "Title Zhang Lao Pine Tree" is a metaphor for Gao Jie's sentence: "A hundred feet without an inch of branches, you will be lonely and straight all your life." The sentence of Sifu in the seven-character ancient poem He Ming Pian; "MingHe unfriendly, if I would like to take it has been tianjin. Even the weaver girl will set up a machine stone and go to the city to sell hexagrams. " The five-word quatrain "Send Du Shenyan" expresses farewell: "I am sick and have to travel thousands of miles. The river bridge does not send each other, and Jiang Shuyuan is affectionate. " Lingyin Temple, a five-character poem, draws a beautiful sentence: "The building looks at the sea, and the door faces the Zhejiang tide." They are all fresh and frank, lyrical and sincere, picturesque. Song dynasty made great contributions to the melody of poetry by emphasizing comparison and preciseness. On the basis of the creative development of Qi, Liang Shenfang and Yu Xin from the early Tang Dynasty, he and Shen Quanqi tried hard to practice and summarize, so that all the systems of metrical poetry reached the stage of maturity and stereotypes, and the boundaries between classical poetry and modern poetry were drawn. In this form, they wrote masterpieces such as Watching the Jiangting Pavilion at Night, Sleeping in Xiangjiang River at Night, Inscribed on the Wall of an Inn in the North of Dayu Mountain and Du the Tomb of Dayu.
Extended Reading: Song Wenzhi's Character Evaluation
Song is a famous contemporary poet, but he is not praised politically and his behavior is quite absurd. Due to the limitations of court poets, he was subject to ghostwriting and his ambition was low. Many of his poems praise merit, whitewash peace, be flashy and vague. But with the turmoil of life, contact with society and experience of life, he also created some good works, which are refreshing. Yang Jiong wrote "Sacrifice to Yang Yingchuan" after his death, which adopted four or four standards, using phonetic characters and fancy sentences. The content is concise, sad and sincere, which makes people cry. Compared with his ghostwriting "Sacrificing Liang for Zongshangshu" and "Sacrificing Lu for Zongshangshu Brothers", the feelings of the literati at that time were completely different.
As a scholar, Song was also spurned for his bad character, which was not only manifested in his attitude towards political snobbery, but also in a widely circulated murder case. Since ancient times, all literati have enjoyed writing. One day, Song saw the beauty of his nephew's poem "Flowers are similar year after year, but people are different year after year", so he wanted to keep it for himself and refused. So Song trampled him to death with a bag full of dirt, calling it "killing people because of poetry".
When Song was alive, he was as famous as Shen Quanqi, and his poems were mostly cut and lacked in content. However, some of the poems he wrote during his exile were richer in content. As far as the artistic form is concerned, the poems of Song Dynasty are skillful in rhyme, harmonious in sound and rhyme, and mostly beautiful and neat, which has a great influence on the stereotypes of the rhythmic poetry system.