The so-called sunrise, sunset and rest.
July fire, September clothes? .
On the first day, what about the second day in Li Lie? .
No clothes, no brown, why die!
On the third day, on the fourth day? .
And my daughter-in-law. The Guardian said, "Very good".
Fire is full in July, and clothes are delivered in September.
In spring, the sun shines and Amin is in the sky.
The woman followed with a basket, begging for soft mulberry.
Spring came and Qi Qi was adopted.
The woman was so sad that she almost took her son home.
Fire is full in July and reeds are full in August.
Silkworm, moon, mulberry, take the axe.
I'm afraid of mulberry if I want to cut far and wide.
Singing in July, achievement in August.
Xuan zai Huang, I, for the childe petticoats.
Beautiful in April, singing in May.
Harvest in August and crush in October.
A day to raccoon, fox, for the child.
The next day, they were still the same, carrying martial arts.
Privately, publicly.
In May, geese move, and in June, pheasants vibrate.
July in the wild, August in the rest,
I was at home in September, and crickets came under my bed in October.
The dome suffocated the mice and stuffed them into the door.
Hey, my wife, she said she wanted to change her age and entered this room.
In June, food is depressed and stinging, in July, anemones and stingrays.
Peel dates in August and get rice in October.
To this end, spring wine, with the help of eyebrows.
Eating melons in July and breaking pots in August,
In September, my uncle took tea as his salary. We poor farmers can feed.
Nursery will be built in September and crops will be harvested in October.
The millet is heavy, and the grass is shelled.
My farmer! My crops are the same, I have entered the palace.
The day is in the grass and the night is in the rope.
I was so anxious to hitch a ride in the house that I began to broadcast Baigu.
The next day, I cut the ice and rushed, and on the third day, Lingyin was satisfied.
On the fourth day, its flea sacrificed the lamb to the leek.
First frost in September, washing the floor in October.
Friends drink and say they killed the lamb.
Go to the court and call him: Long life is boundless!
-"The Book of Songs, Wind and July"
July filariasis refers to July in the lunar calendar, almost August in the solar calendar. During this time, Mars fell from the west, and the weather gradually turned cold ... which made me a little unbalanced. Why did the weather in the Western Zhou Dynasty become so good that it began to cool in August? You know the weather now, the Golden Week holiday is still hot and stuffy! But that was thousands of years ago. Times have changed, and the Himalayas were still a piece of Wang Yang at that time. This climate change is normal.
The Western Zhou Dynasty began with the famous "King Wu attacked Zhou". Since then, King Wu Ji Fa has conquered many small countries around him, and the land territory has become more and more vast. When the country is unified and its territory is broadened, it will naturally be troublesome to rule. The politics of Shang Dynasty was so corrupt that if we want to manage the people well, we must make great changes to the system. In history, no regime change can change this system.
In order to rule the conquered land and people, the rulers of the Zhou Dynasty popularized the Jing Tian system, which began in Shang and Zhou Dynasties, and introduced a new system-enfeoffment system. Speaking of this, I suddenly have the feeling of going back to high school history class. At that time, in order to cope with the exam, I didn't lack the content about the dynasty system. The content of the well field system is roughly that the king of Zhou distributed the land to the princes and enjoyed it from generation to generation, but it could not be transferred or traded, and it was necessary to pay tribute tax. Slaves worked on the land allocated to the prince to create wealth for them.
Having said so much about the land system in the Western Zhou Dynasty, we can finally get to the point. The Western Zhou Dynasty belonged to a slave society. At that time, the relationship between people was mainly the relationship between slaves and slave owners and nobles, that is, the relationship between princes and ministers. Slaves work for the slave owners for free, in exchange for a busy but quiet life for a year. Is this the scene described in July? .
There will be disparity between the rich and the poor in every dynasty, especially in the Western Zhou Dynasty. Not to mention that slaves have a bad life, even they belong to others. They have to do all kinds of farm work all the year round. In September, women began to cut clothes to resist the cold in winter. Next year 1 month, they want tools for repairmen, and they will go to work in the fields in February. Men plow the fields, and women bring their children to deliver meals together.
I was born in the land of plenty in the south of the Yangtze River, and this kind of picture is very common every year during spring ploughing and autumn harvest. For me, the scene of my family working in the fields is very warm, but in another environment, the meaning has completely changed. People in the Western Zhou Dynasty didn't work for themselves. Everything was just a task given to them by the aristocratic class. Seeing their hard work, the agricultural officials who came to explore were very happy and went back to report to the slave owners with a smile in their eyes: everyone worked hard, and it seems that the harvest will rise again this year! When the slave owners are happy, the people's lives will be better.
In March of the lunar calendar, the weather began to get warmer, and young girls picked mulberry leaves with baskets. In the Yuefu poem "On the Mulberry", Qin Luofu, a beautiful woman, met a satrap who wanted to take her home while picking mulberry. This kind of "robbing cloth clothes" also appeared in the Western Zhou Dynasty. Therefore, every time the mulberry picking girls go out, they are afraid of being forcibly taken away by the aristocratic sons who go out to play and hunt. Look, how arrogant the nobles are!
Plants bloom in April, cicadas sing in trees in May, crops begin to harvest in August, and plants turn yellow in October. Spring begins and winter ends. No matter how the seasons change, people will still have endless farm work. When the traffickers finish harvesting, they will catch wild animals and make a fur coat for the childe to keep out the cold in 1 1 month. There will be hunting in December, which is a happy thing for the people. Because they can have small animals, such as pheasants, rabbits, and big animals, such as tigers, foxes, wolves, etc., which have to be dedicated to the rulers. Although they get very little, they are already satisfied. If they are lucky, they can save the meat for the winter.
During the Western Zhou Dynasty, there were lush vegetation and many wild animals in the mountains, and animals could be killed when hunting. What kind of concept hunting is, living in modern times, we will definitely not know. But look at those costume dramas on TV, and you will get the general idea. In the royal family, there is a large-scale hunting every year, and the nobles gallop on the battlefield. Whoever catches the most prey will be rewarded by the emperor.
If the relationship between slavery and enslavement is put aside, their life is still very calm, at least there is no interest dispute, self-sufficiency and food and clothing.
This labor system in the Western Zhou Dynasty is similar to that in medieval Europe. Manor is a self-made unit in rural areas. The owner of the manor has all kinds of land and orchards. The serfs were attached to the manor owner. Without the consent of the owner, they are not allowed to leave the manor at will, and must complete the established work.
Because this poem is too long, I can't remember much of it. My favorite is the paragraph describing crickets: "In May, I moved my stock, and in June, I shook my feathers." I was outdoors in July, at home in August and September, and crickets came under my bed in October. The dome suffocated the mice and stuffed them into the door. Oh, my wife and son said that they would enter this room in another era. "
In May, owls make sounds, and in June, pheasants make sounds. Crickets sing in the fields in July, under the eaves in August, in the house in September and under my bed in October. Smoke out rats and block rat holes. Block the window facing north and smear the door with mud to keep out the cold. Call your wife and children after work. The Spring Festival is coming, and we will live in this house.
The movement of crickets from the field to the bottom of the bed reflects from the side that the weather is getting colder and colder. At the end of the year, they will clean up the house, just like we did a general cleaning years ago. Only by cleaning up can we have a good year.
The "scorpion" here refers to insects that sing, such as locusts, which will keep singing in the fields in summer nights. Sand chicken is commonly known as Weaving Niang, also known as Luo Wei. In Li Bai's "Sauvignon Blanc", the phrase "autumn insects hum by the golden well" is sand chicken.
I was deeply impressed by the scene of doing farm work when I was a child. As soon as autumn comes, farmers begin the busiest time of the year. Threshing in September, harvesting in October, and moving the rice into the granary. It is windy in winter. In order to prevent the granary from leaking air and rain, the roof had to be repaired. After that, we must continue sowing next spring.
Their life is the same every year, ordinary, heavy, monotonous, and repeated. July has always been regarded as a poem reflecting the disparity between the rich and the poor in slave society. Perhaps I am slow, from which we can see the orderly life of the people. People in every era have their own way of life, and we should not limit them with our current ideas. Perhaps, they think that such a day is full, making it at sunrise and resting at sunset. My wife and children are with me. When I was hungry, someone went to the field to deliver food. When I came home from work, someone greeted me at the door. Smoke billowed from the chimney and the smell of food floated out of the room.
On the day of the sacrifice, everyone slaughtered the sheep and gave a banquet, boarded the noble court and raised a glass to congratulate them on their health and longevity. Everyone took their places and enjoyed themselves. A year passed peacefully. Will next year be better? .