How to read poetry study plan

Teaching goal: learn how to read poetry and help students find the key to reading poetry. Teaching methods: discussion, appreciation and teaching process 1. The function of reading poetry 1, the four links of preparing for poetry-reading-appreciation-expression 2. Knowledge includes image, language, skill, ideological content and common sense of ancient poetry 3. The function of reading is the comprehensive application of knowledge. Reading is the basis of appreciation and expression. Second, how to understand? 1. Understand the superficial meaning and you can translate the general idea: time, place, people, things and scenery. 2. Understand the deep meaning. What artistic conception (image, atmosphere) is written? What emotions (moods, emotions) are expressed? What thoughts (attitudes, opinions) are reflected? For example, the Hanshui River is near Wang, and its nine streams touch Jingmen. The river crosses heaven and earth, where the colors of the mountains are yes and no. Human habitation seems to float on the ripples in the distant sky. These beautiful days in Xiangyang have fascinated my old mountain! . General idea: (I was boating on the river, and I saw it from a distance.) The vast land of ancient Chu was connected with the water of "Sanxiang" rushing from Hunan, and the Han River surged into Jingjiang River and merged with the nine schools of the Yangtze River. The Han River (surging away, as if it had been flowing in) has passed the heavens and the earth, and there are many green mountains on both sides, (misty, sometimes hidden), as if nothing had happened. The wall floats (in the distance) on the water in front; The waves are rough, flapping and shaking the sky (in the distance). Xiangyang has beautiful scenery and seems to want to stay and get drunk with Shan Weng. Third, (a), how to understand shallow meaning? Fill in the content-omitted subject, object, adverbial and transitional language in the poem, adjust the word order-verb inversion, adverbial postposition, prepositional object and other comprehensive sentence meanings-and connect them before and after, which is generally translated into sentences with relatively complete meaning. Exercise: Translate the main idea of this poem. See the wind through the bamboo window, send seedlings to SiKongShu and Yi Li, and sit in a daze in the breeze, thinking leisurely. The breeze opened the door, stirred the bamboo forest and doubted the arrival of old friends. Dewdrops on the branches and leaves fall from time to time because of the wind, which gradually moistens the dark green moss under the steps. When the wind blows open the curtains in the room, it wipes away the dust accumulated for a long time for me. [Note] Miao Fa and Si Kongshu are Li Yi's poetry friends. In the evening, a breeze blew and woke me up from my meditation. My thoughts drifted away when I approached the window. (The wind) blew the door and bamboo. I thought it was an old friend (coming to see me). (Wind) Blows off the dew on the bamboo branches, and the dew drops on the moss under the stone steps. (The wind) should open the curtains and come in and brush the dust off the green harp for me. (2) How to understand the deep meaning? 1, contact information, trying to figure out language information: book title, notes, poet's life, allusions; Image language, emotional language, first and last sentence example 1: Read Wei's Cold Food for Brothers and answer the question: Fire is forbidden in the rain, the air is cold, and the river warbler sits and listens alone. Think of wine and flowers as brothers. Ling Du is a cold herbivore. Q: How does the word "independence" in the second sentence affect the structure of the whole article? The word "independence" in the second sentence is not only the extension of the word "emptiness" in the previous sentence, but also the foreshadowing of the word "thinking" in the next sentence: What method was adopted in the fourth sentence? What effect did you get? The fourth sentence is written by contrast. Putting down the pen and imagining the cold food scenery in my hometown is even more wonderful, which further shows the feeling of "missing my brother" and makes people feel more profound. Example 2 Reading "Living in a secluded place in early summer" (Lu You) Answer: The lake and mountains are better than Weng's house, and the shady path is oblique. When the lake overflows, egrets fly in the air and frogs hum by the lake. The newly harvested bamboo shoots are ripe, and the magnolia has just begun to blossom. Alas, let bygones be bygones, who * * * will sleep in afternoon European tea. [Note] The dragon is a bamboo shoot. Wooden pen, also known as magnolia. Both are common things in early summer. Question: (1) What are the characteristics of the scenery written in the poem? From what aspects to show this feature? "you" ① Write the seclusion of the environment and the beauty of the early summer scenery with the images of the scenery (the beauty of lakes and mountains, the oblique path of willow shade and the depth of water and grass); ② Use actions to set off seclusion (heron descending); (3) set off seclusion with sound (frog singing). Question: ② What does this poem express? ① The first six sentences use the scene of "seclusion in early summer" to express the joy of self-satisfaction (leisure); (2) the last sentence "sigh"; One is to lament that people with lofty ideals are empty and old, and they have accomplished nothing in serving the country; Second, I sigh that my old friends are gone, and I feel lonely and disappointed. 1), the topic is as follows: sit up and listen to Chu Guangxi's not too heavy car sound. If you want to smell Qingpei, go out and see him. In the evening, bells will ring in the garden and rain will pass through the spring city. I don't care about myself. I feel empty in the clinic. This poem closely follows the word "Yao" in the title and describes various scenes in which the poet waits for guests: in the morning, he opens the heavy door and waits for the arrival of Chu Guangxi. The poet fidgeted, stood up for a while, sat down for a while, and listened to the sound of horses and chariots when his friends arrived. It seems ("thinking") that I heard the crisp sound of jade worn by my friend and was about to go out to meet him, but it was an illusion. So the poet can't wait. However, from morning till night ("going to the garden at midnight"), it began to rain outside, but my friends didn't come. When the poet finally understands (since he has understood), his friends will not come. "Empty feeling in the clinic" is self-feeling (empty feeling, self-feeling). It can be seen that this poem, through a series of detailed descriptions, expresses the expectation of the arrival of friends, or expresses the disappointment of waiting for friends. Function 1: The title reveals the content of Zhu's reading comprehension. If you only look at the text of the poem, you think it is the scenery of a small lake, but after reading the title, you will know that this poem is about the author's feelings of reading. Half an acre square pond is a book, and the sky and clouds mean that there are beautiful scenery in the book. The source of living water means that reading can make the mind clear and the mind fresh forever. Role 2: the topic reveals the mood. Jia Dao's suicide note has two actions before and after this title. "Begging" and "not meeting" are extremely implicit. But we can guess the author's regret even without looking at the poem. Function 3: Title display ideas. Zhang Jiuling's "Looking at the Moon and Thinking of a Distant Man" is entitled "Looking at the Moon and Thinking of a Distant Man". "Looking ahead before thinking" is the theme of this poem. 2), comments such as: two quatrains (1) Du Fu's sunset glow, flowers and plants in spring. Swallows are busy nesting in wet mud and sleeping in pairs on the warm beach. Note: This poem was written by the poet when he temporarily lived in Chengdu Caotang after "four tours at one year old". What kind of scene does this quatrain depict? What kind of feelings did the poet express? This poem depicts a beautiful scene of early spring: the spring is bright, the fields are green, the river reflects the sunshine, the spring breeze brings the fragrance of flowers and plants, the mud melts and the soil is wet, the swallows are busy building their nests with mud, the sun is shining, the beach is warm, and Yuanyang is still sleeping on the sandbar (step 1). This is a beautiful spring scene (step 2). It shows the poet's happy and carefree state of mind after his wandering life (the third step). Function: some introduce the writing background and hint at the ideological content of this poem; Some introduce related poems, implying the allusions or artistic conception of your poems; Some introduce the author, which implies your writing style of this poem. 3) Qing 'an Temple (Xie Fangde in the Southern Song Dynasty) read peach blossoms, answer questions and other allusions. In order to avoid the chaos of the Qin dynasty, Taoyuan people found such a beautiful weaver girl this year, but they didn't have a calendar record. Only when they saw peach blossoms did they know that the New Year was coming. If I live in the Peach Blossom Garden, I won't let the petals of peaches fall into the water and go out with the water, because I am afraid that fishermen will find holes with the water when they see peaches in the water! [Note] Xie Fangde, a native of the Southern Song Dynasty, still fought the Yuan soldiers by means of summoning in Jiangdong and summoning in Jiangxi after the death of the Song Dynasty, making them know about Xinzhou. After the defeat, he sneaked into the mountains, lived in seclusion for 12 years and refused to be an official. After being forced to go north, he went to Yanjing, the capital of Zhiyuan, and died of hunger strike. This poem was written in seclusion. Question: Please analyze the beauty of this poem. The poet skillfully used allusions to introduce the story of Taoyuan through peach blossoms, and replaced the Peach Blossom Garden with Qing 'an Temple. Write "avoid Qin" and "avoid Yuan"; Use "fear of fishermen visiting" to express their determination to be peerless; Just four poems, with rich connotations. The whole poem is thought-provoking, and the image of a hermit who will never cooperate with the Yuan rulers comes to the fore. 4) The author knows that people die nine times without regret: a long road to exploration-Qu Yuan's palace: the conversion of tired souls-Tao Yuanming's poems are picturesque: the epiphany of describing the scenery-Wang's arrogant official: Zhang Yang's arrogant personality-Li Bai's wandering world: the witness of the decline of the prosperous Tang Dynasty-Du Fu's strong declaration: the pursuit of never giving up-Liu Yuxi's understanding of Xiao Chang: the innovation of realism- Philosophical thinking entered poetry in the Northern Song Dynasty. Patriotic feelings in the southern song dynasty entered poetry. 5) Pay attention to poetic imagery sentences, such as Du Fu's poem "Flying around, what am I like, but a sandpiper in a vast world! Image Sha Ou 6) Pay attention to the emotional sentences in poems, such as Cui Hao's poem, "Only I look at my home and the twilight fades? There is a sad mist on the river waves. " 2. Reproduce the situation, experience the poetic situation through association and imagination, and enter this situation to experience and feel its emotions and artistic conception. 3. Screen words, make sure the content is related to related keywords such as artistic conception, emotion and attitude, and confirm the deep meaning of poetry. Related keywords artistic conception keywords: macro breadth: desolation, vigor, vastness, sublimity, magnificence, profundity ... delicate: empty, lingering, quiet, quiet, euphemistic, hazy ... lively: warm, prosperous, simple, noisy, cheerful ... cold: sad, sparse, depressed, desolate. Attachment ... Happiness: happiness, joy, tranquility, leisure, leisure, boldness, praise, love, admiration ... Thought (attitude) Subject words: positive and enterprising, self-confident, heroic, optimistic and broad-minded, concerned about the country and people, critical and ironic ... negative, depressed, decadent, retired .../kloc-0 2. The two poems "When the branches are exposed, the hair is slightly stained" render a cold and quiet atmosphere. 3. This poem expresses the poet's lonely mood and his yearning for his old friend through the image of the breeze. 5. How to understand the shallow meaning in class summary (blackboard writing)? How to understand the deep meaning through content filling, word order adjustment and sentence meaning integration? Contact information, try to figure out the language to reproduce the situation, set the experience to filter the text and determine the content. 6. Special reminder 1. To truly understand poetry, the method is not fundamental, but reading more is the key. 2. Reading comprehension is a comprehensive intellectual activity. You must first learn to read step by step, and then rise to comprehensive reading. 3. Do poetry appreciation questions during this time, don't be busy answering questions, and consciously put reading poetry first. Seven, homework according to the two levels of reading, write an explanatory article for the following poem. Guangdong college entrance examination in 2007: Xiting Lin Jingxi thinks more in clear autumn, and enjoys Xiting at sunset. At the beginning of the month, the trees are tall and white, and the breeze is half awake. Walking alone in the fallen leaves, sitting around and counting fireflies. Where is the fishing song? Lonely lamp pavilion