Answering skills and common terms in appreciation of ancient poetry in senior high school.
Terms commonly used in the appreciation of ancient poetry;
This poem adopts the technique of (expression, rhetoric, expression), writes out the characteristics of (image), shows (highlights) (certain) thoughts and feelings, and plays a (certain) role.
The forms of expression are: narration, description, lyricism and discussion. (description)
Rhetorical devices include metaphor, analogy, exaggeration, duality, parallelism, repetition, contrast and allusions.
The expression techniques are: symbol, imagination, association, care, lyric by scenery, lyric by scenery, lyric by objects, etc.
Thoughts and feelings are: melancholy, loneliness, sadness, loneliness and boredom; Dull, leisurely and happy; Admiration, resentment, adherence to moral integrity, concern for the country and the people, etc.
According to the content, it can be divided into event poems, wandering poems, farewell poems, ancient poems, frontier poems, pastoral poems, eternal poems and relegated poems.
Poetry about things: generally, things are described first, then discussed and expressed, and the poet's feelings and ambitions are entrusted. Common writing: raising objects to express ambitions, symbolizing, and using objects to describe people. For example, Yongmei, the divination operator in Lu You's works.
Farewell poems: express feelings of parting, or nostalgia, or comfort, or encouragement, or wishes, feelings, melancholy expectations, etc. Among them, some are melancholy and some are optimistic and open-minded farewell sentences. Such as Wang Wei's "Send Yuan Twenty-one Xi"
Wanderer's Poems: Mainly express the loneliness, sadness and hardship of travelers' journey, as well as the wanderer's yearning for his relatives in his hometown. For example, Wen's "Doing Good and Walking Early"
Reciting ancient poems: writing scenes or narratives, integrating the poet's own feelings and comments on the ancients and events. The common way to write it is to satirize the present through the past, or to express one's concern for reality in a tortuous way. Expose the rulers' fatuous and decadent feelings of the former dynasty. Such as: Du Mu's Crossing Huaqing Palace, Du Mu's Bo Qinhuai and Red Cliff Nostalgia;
Landscape poetry: mainly through the description of landscape scenery, to show readers the beauty of nature; Or the author's praise and love for the scenery; Love leisurely scenery; The sadness of youth, etc. The common expression is to describe lyricism. Description methods include dynamic and static combination, dynamic contrast and static, coexistence of reality and falsehood, and combination of reality and falsehood. There are three ways of lyricism: direct lyricism, lyricism through scenery, lyricism in scenery, scene blending, scene interaction, lyricism due to scenery, and lyricism in whole scene.
Pastoral poetry: mainly describes rural pastoral scenery or labor scenes. Generally full of life, fresh and natural, simple style. The theme generally shows the leisure of the countryside; Express simple feelings for the working people; The taste of seclusion. Such as Meng Haoran's "Passing the Old Village"
Frontier poems: The common forms of expression are strange frontier scenery, tragic battlefield battles, lonely military life and sad homesickness. Or the desire to make achievements; The determination to defend the country; The sadness of serving the country without a door; The pain of mountains and rivers falling; As time goes by, ambition is hard to pay; Expose the belligerence of rulers; . Such as Lu You's "The Fisherman's Pride"
Poetry that will always be in my heart: take women as the leading role and express women's life, leisure and loneliness in the boudoir. Think of people in the boudoir. Mainly based on description and lyricism. Writing methods include rendering, cadence and so on. Ruwen's "Looking at Jiangnan".
Relegation {relegation} Poems: The content is mainly the depression and depression of frustrated official career. Or be put on the road to worry. Or it is the expectation of being reused and the desire to become a career.
(1) Describe the beautiful scenery of mountains and rivers and love the rivers and mountains of the motherland.
(2) Describe the natural scenery, show the meaning of seclusion and love for mountains and rivers.
(3) Take advantage of the scenery to express disgust at the darkness of the officialdom, express a leisurely mood, and express the noble character of never colluding with others.
(4) Write a scene to express the feelings of parting or encouragement.
(5) Express the feelings of living in a foreign country and the thoughts of relatives and friends.
(6) Expressed the feeling that there is no way to serve the country and talents have not met.
Summarize the characteristics of the atmosphere created by the scenery. Generally, two disyllabic words can be used. Such as: loneliness and cold, tranquility and beauty, magnificence, bleakness and desolation, brightness and beauty. Loneliness and cold, tranquility and beauty, magnificence and magnificence, bleakness and desolation, brightness and beauty, etc.
Function: deepening artistic conception, deepening theme, profound artistic conception, beautiful artistic conception, meaningful, intriguing and far-reaching influence, etc.
Questions and answering skills in the appreciation of ancient poetry;
Analysis of artistic conception types
Q: What kind of artistic conception does this poem create?
Question variant: What kind of picture does this poem depict? What thoughts and feelings did the poet express?
Answer steps:
(1), which depicts the picture displayed in the poem. When answering questions, you should grasp the main scenery in the poem and reproduce the picture in your own language. When describing, we should not only be loyal to the original poem, but also use our imagination to innovate and strive for beautiful language.
(2) Summarize the characteristics of the atmosphere created by the scenery. Generally, two disyllabic words can be used, such as: lonely and cold, quiet and beautiful, magnificent, bleak and desolate, etc. And attention can accurately reflect the characteristics and emotional appeal of the scene.
(3) Analyze the author's thoughts and feelings. Don't answer such questions empty. For example, "the answer expresses the author's sentimental feelings" is not enough, and you won't get much points. You should answer what makes you sad? .
Analysis skill type
Q: What kind of expression is used in this poem?
Title change: Please analyze the expression (or artistic expression) of this poem. How do poets express their feelings? What effect does this expression have?
Answer steps:
(1), accurately point out what kind of technique was used.
(2), combined with this poem, explain why this technique is used.
(3) Explain how this technique can effectively convey the poet's feelings.
Analysis of feature types of languages
Q: What are the linguistic features of this poem?
Title change: please analyze the language style of this poem and talk about the language art of this poem.
Answer steps:
(1), use one or two words to accurately describe the language features.
(2) Analyze this feature with relevant sentences in the poem.
(3) Point out how the author's feelings are expressed.
The fourth mode: refining fonts
Question: What is the most vivid word in couplets? Why?
Question variant: there is a sentence in this poem that has been praised all the time. What do you think of it? Can you use one word instead? Why?
(1), explain the meaning of this word in the sentence.
(2) Expand the association, put the words into the original sentence and describe the scene.
(3) What kind of artistic conception does this word set off? Or how you express your feelings.
(4), if you use a word instead, is it ok? What is the reason for combining the original text well? How to express the author's thoughts and feelings vividly and appropriately?
The fifth mode: understanding the whole poem type with one word.
Answer steps:
(1), the role of this word in highlighting the theme of poetry.
(2) Considering the role of this word in the structure of poetry.