In the ancient poetry culture, The Book of Songs, which is mainly composed of four words and repeated sentences, shows China's lyrical national literature characteristics. Since then, China's poetry has embarked on a road of expressing ambition, and lyric poetry has become the main form of China's poetry. The enthusiasm for reality, strong political and moral consciousness and sincere and positive attitude towards life in The Book of Songs are summarized as the spirit of elegance, which has become the most basic and far-reaching tradition of China's poetry.
1 Shi Feng
Wind poetry is also called national wind. "Wind" is a folk tune, and "Wind Poetry" is a folk song all over the country. The following poems are divided into:,, Yi [humble], Yan [Yang], Wei, Wang, Zheng, Qi, Wei, Tang, Qin, Chen, Qi, Cao, Yi [Bin] and so on. The national style is the collective creation of the lower class. "Hungry people sing about their food, while laborers sing about their things" (He Xiu's Biography of the Ram, which explains the words) directly reflects people's life and emotional feelings, with vivid language and lively form, which has high literary value and is the most essential part of the Book of Songs. According to its ideological content, it can be divided into three categories.
2 Yashi
Most of these poems reflect the life, thoughts and feelings of the aristocratic class. Among them, there are points of elegance and Xiaoya. Daya is mostly poems in the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty, while Xiaoya is mostly poems from the late Western Zhou Dynasty to the Spring and Autumn Period. Elegance is mostly a hymn to the luxurious life of the ruling class; Xiaoya is mainly a poem full of resentment, expressing the dissatisfaction of the lower nobility. In style, elegance is graceful and elegant, and poetry is not strong; Xiaoya is lively and has high artistic value. For example, the article "Pick the EU" in Xiaoya has always been praised. It is about a man who went to war with the armadillo [Xi m: ny ǔ n] (that is, the Huns of later generations), experienced a long and hard life, and finally returned to his hometown.
3 ode
Ode is praise, which is a musical song used by kings and princes for sacrifices and major ceremonies. Ode poems are divided into three parts: 365 poems, 438+0 poems dedicated to Zhou; Four songs of truffles are dedicated to the princes of Lu. Five Shang Dynasty carols were used by the princes of Song Dynasty to praise their ancestors. Because the Song Dynasty was a vassal state established by merchants after the King of Wu destroyed the merchants, it was called ode to the Shang Dynasty. Ode to poetry is the song of the ruler's temple, so it is plain and poetic. They are the parts with the lowest literary value in The Book of Songs, but they have historical value.
In the modern poetry culture, Guo Moruo's Goddess laid the romantic foundation of new poetry with the sturm und drang spirit of the May 4th Movement and its distinctive artistic features different from other vernacular poems. Goddess is also a sign that new poetry really replaces old poetry. It successfully created and used the form of free verse, pushing new poetry to a new height.
Writers of the Literature Research Association have created a large number of free poems, most of which are lyrical, showing the pursuit and anguish of awakened petty-bourgeois intellectuals. Among them, Zhu Ziqing's achievements are particularly outstanding. His poems show enterprising spirit. For example, the poem "Light" expresses the author's desire to seek no charity. There are also poems such as Hurry, Self, and Destruction, which all show the persistence of pursuing ideals after ups and downs and disillusionment. Influenced by Tagore's Birds, Bing Xin, an independent literary research society, created and published two poems, Stars and Spring Water. These poems of hers are all called "stars". Her "starry sky" poems mostly express maternal love, innocence and natural feelings, full of tenderness and sadness.
Roaring poems refer to the political lyric poems of party member writers such as Qu Qiubai and Jiang Guangchi, among which Jiang Guangchi has the most poems. His poems, such as Evil Elephant in the Pacific Ocean, China's Song of Labor and Crying for Lenin, have a distinctive socialist color, which swept away the lingering tone of many new poems at that time and are full of masculine voices. However, his political lyrics have the defect of vague content.