Author/Feng
Ancient poetry is a treasure of China culture. For thousands of years, it has traveled to every corner of China, penetrated into the bones of every scholar, and is active in every genre of articles. If you can quote a few ancient poems properly, you can create artistic conception, touch the heartstrings of the audience, add charm to the speech, and make the speech colorful and lively.
First of all, the advantages of using ancient poems in speeches.
Fascinating
As the saying goes, everything is difficult at the beginning. Doing things like this, so is writing. The ancient literati in China were very particular about the beginning, so there was a saying that "the crested pig belly and the leopard tail". The same is true of speeches. When I say "Phoenix Head", I mean asking people to listen, want to listen and want to listen at the beginning of the speech. Clever use of ancient poetry at the beginning can be fascinating, refreshing and appetizing.
(B) enrich the content of the speech
The beauty of ancient poetry is varied and is a collection of traditional beauty. An ancient poem applied to a speech, like a white sail in the blue sea, emptied its fragrance. As long as you discover, explore and understand, you will get inner touch and satisfaction. Beautiful rhythm. Ancient poems are long and short, catchy and easy to remember. For example, "White dew is frost. The so-called Iraqis are on the water side. " Beautiful language. For example, "sing a word, twist a few moustaches", "people are thinner than yellow flowers" and "clouds break the moon to make a shadow", using words skillfully, the realm has come out. Philosophical beauty. For example, you advise people to cherish time, "Young people don't work hard, and the elderly are sad", "It's hard to get up in the morning if you don't come back in your prime". There are also digital beauty, artistic conception beauty and emotional beauty.
(C) enhance the inherent beauty of the speech
Chinese civilization has a long history and traditional festivals are rich in connotation. As an outstanding achievement of Chinese civilization, ancient poetry better embodies the Excellence of this tradition. Quoting ancient poems in speeches reflects the traditional significance of various celebrations, which can effectively enhance the connotation of speeches and enhance the cultural atmosphere of celebrations.
Second, the classification of the application of ancient poetry in speeches
(a) said the time
In speeches, ancient poems expressing time are often used. For example, the table changes greatly, "flowers are similar year after year, and people are different year after year"; Time is pressing, such as "Don't wait, the teenager's head is white and sad", "Time flies, the sun and the moon fly" and so on. If you write a speech that encourages young people to cherish time and strive for progress, you can use poems such as "Time flies, the sun and the moon fly" and "Flowers will bloom again, and people are no longer young" to emphasize the preciousness of time and adolescence.
(2) Express praise
If you write a speech about love and dedication, you can use an ancient poem like this: As the saying goes, "Yellow sand wears golden armor and wins every battle, and it will never be returned without breaking Loulan." After a month of hard work, we have created an impressive record with the spirit of not being afraid of hardships and not admitting defeat. Originally, this poem described soldiers guarding the border for a long time, frequent wars, tough battles, tough enemies and desolate borders, but here it vividly described the spirit of comrades who are not afraid of hardship and fatigue and strive to complete their tasks in a difficult working environment, which added icing on the cake to the speech.
(3) expressing hopes and wishes,
At the end of the speech, there are usually hopes and calls. If it is expressed in vernacular Chinese, it lacks a kind of strength and passion, and it can also achieve good results with ancient poetry. For example, it ends like this: "Xiongguan Avenue is as iron as iron, and now it is one step away from the starting point." The past, such as the back, is drifting away from us. Standing at a new starting point, we will continue to move forward and create new glories! Obviously, adding a little heroism and passion to the end of ancient poetry can arouse the surging emotions of the audience.
(4) Show determination
Speeches often involve the author's decisive words. The vernacular Chinese is full of personal color, full of lip service, while the ancient poetry is hit the floor and convincing. Comrade Wen Jiabao is an expert in using ancient poems. He will add ancient poems to many public speeches, which are used properly and have obvious effects: when talking about his work in the next three years, he quoted "Although I had a narrow escape, my heart is still good" to show his ambition and played an inspiring role.
(five) explain the situation
In the speech, ancient poems were used to illustrate the situation, emphasizing the importance, which was impressive and powerful. These have been fully reflected in the speech of the leadership. For example, after a press conference, Wen Jiabao quoted the old saying "a hundred miles and a half ninety" to warn China not to relax, be paralyzed and waver on the road in the next few years; When the reporter mentioned the cross-strait economic cooperation, he quoted the old saying that "although brothers are angry, they will not abandon their loved ones", which is elegant and impressive.
(6) Others
In speeches, ancient poems are often used to compare people around them, which plays the role of making the finishing point. For example, if we use the phrase "chaos is still yellow, relying on the east wind will be crazy", we can compare those unstable people who rely on powerful people to be crazy. At the Copenhagen Climate Conference, when answering a question from a reporter of Newsweek, Wen Jiabao quoted the old saying that "no one is perfect" to clarify the rumors about China's arrogance at the conference.
Third, the skills of using ancient poems in speeches.
(1) Quote a poem
Quoting poetry is the most direct way to use ancient poetry and humanities. Proper quotation and proper expression are the basic requirements for users. The ancients said that "reading can break thousands of volumes, and writing is like a god", which is about the accumulation of knowledge and the application of what you have learned. When writing a speech, if you can quote poems properly, it will certainly add a lot of color to your speech. The successful examples of quoting ancient poems are: self-confidence makes Qiu Jin, a Jianhu woman, have the heroic spirit of "cherishing her feelings and being diligent, and sprinkling them can still transform her garden"; Self-confidence makes Lu Xun, a fighter of "forbearance", obsessed with "Gu Lengxing, I recommend Xuanyuan with blood"; And self-confidence, let a generation of great man Mao Zedong have the courage to teach the sun and the moon to change the weather. This speech not only selected appropriate ancient poems to express the power of self-confidence, but also used parallelism, like a rainbow, which greatly improved the enthusiasm of the audience.
(B) the use of poetry
Poetry translation is an intermediate level of using ancient poetry and humanities. It is difficult to find a poem that completely matches the content of the speech. Using ancient poems as needed can not only improve the expression effect but also lose the charm. Of course, this requires the author to have a certain foundation in writing ancient poems, otherwise it will be self-defeating. According to the needs of writing, in a certain paragraph or part, the familiar poems are spread out in the form of prose, so that they are naturally integrated with the words, and the article will appear long lasting charm, giving people a sense of picture and authenticity. For example, I saw a madman singing with his sword. He missed Chang 'an like a fire, but "Oh, how can I solemnly bow to a high-ranking official who will never show his honest face", so he painfully chose to swallow the flute, but his choice made him go down in history, which made people admire him! He is Li Bai. Such a speech is quaint and beautiful, with a strong cultural atmosphere, which makes people think and admire.
(3) Writing poems
Self-created poetry is the highest realm of using ancient poetry in speeches, but this is not a common phenomenon, because the writing of ancient poetry requires profound literary skills and lyrics skills. Simple word imitation and stacking are meaningless, tasteless and prosodic, but will be counterproductive. Of course, if you really can't find suitable ancient poems to express your feelings, creation is also a good way. It will be more appropriate and practical to choose words and sentences according to the theme, object and meaning of the speech. For example, in the speech of the 30th anniversary celebration of a women's college, it was written as follows: "Lotus seed has been brewing in Yangcheng for 30 years", in which "Lotus seed" conforms to the 30th anniversary celebration, and the school site of a women's school is located at the foot of Lianhua Mountain. "Yangcheng" is another name of Guangzhou. As we all know, "Infinite beauty" shows that the school has made great contributions to the city.
(d) Poetry titles
The title is the eyes of the speech. Good headlines can attract people's attention, give people a pleasing feeling and have a refreshing effect. In addition to the poetic title, if you add a few poetic subtitles, it will definitely give people a feeling of long rhyme and clear organization.
Four. Matters needing attention in the application of ancient poetry in speech
Poetry is not only the essence of literary works, but also the material for re-creation. Be flexible in your speech, and distinguish the theme, occasion, object and purpose of the speech. Otherwise, not only will we not add color to our speech, but we will teach an axe to teach others, leaving a laughing stock for a person. First, don't use more. The speech is actually different from the American text. If you use it too much, it will become a display of literary talent, which runs counter to the easy-to-understand characteristics of the speech and cannot enhance the effect of the speech. Second, don't use it indiscriminately. The use of ancient poetry, the choice of position is very important, whether it is used at the beginning, end or middle, we must ensure the corresponding effect. The application environment, the author's background and the familiarity of poetry with the audience should all be considered. Third, you can't do it. When using your own ancient poems, you should pay special attention to being easy to understand, otherwise it will not be easily understood by the audience and will make experts laugh.
Zhu, a Neo-Confucianism scholar in the Song Dynasty, wrote a very good book: "Open a square pond of half an acre and travel in the clouds." Ask the canal to be so clear, because there is flowing water at the source. "If you want to use ancient poetry flexibly and appropriately in your speech, you should pay attention to accumulation at ordinary times. Only by learning more and remembering more can we accumulate more in the speech and add color to the speech.
(Author: Guangzhou Institute of Navigation)