Du Fu
Guide reading
In the second year of Tang Zhide (757), when Du Fu picked up the remains for Zuo, the house was stopped for some reason. He wrote a letter, rescued Su Zong, and was released to visit relatives in Qiang Village, Yinzhou (now south of Fuxian County, Shaanxi Province). Three Songs of Qiang Village was written by me when I returned to China this time. Together, the three poems constitute the trilogy of returning home, which vividly reproduces the fragments of the poet Du Fu's life during the Anshi Rebellion and reflects the social reality at that time from one side.
one
Famous sentence: My wife blames me for being here, and I'm still crying.
Original poem
The sky is red and the clouds are west, and the ground is flat at the foot of the sun.
Birds are singing loudly in Chai Men, and tourists return home thousands of miles away.
My wife blamed me for my death, and I was still crying.
It is purely accidental that the world was in chaos, drifting with the tide and surviving.
Neighbors are full of walls, and it is embarrassing to sigh.
Midnight is more like a candle, relatively dreamy.
To annotate ...
(1) towering: originally described as high mountains, it is used here to describe the wonder of overlapping clouds. Hongyunxi: refers to the red sunset glow in the western sky. ② Sunfoot: the ray of the sun. 3 Returning home: Du Fu claimed to be. Wife: here refers to the wife and children, here refers to the wife. Blame me: I'm surprised I'm still alive. ⑤ Accidental: It's just an accidental wish. ⑤ (x Ψ x ρ): Woo, woo. 7 midnight: late at night. More: Again, again. Holding a candle: light a candle.
Translate poetry
The beautiful sunset glow burns in the western sky,
The sun has set behind the mountain.
A flock of birds are noisy in front of the firewood.
I came back from a thousand miles and finally found a family.
My wife is very surprised that I am still alive.
I can't stop crying.
In troubled times, I had to wander outside.
Few people can go home alive.
The neighbors heard the news and surrounded the wall.
There was a whimper in the room.
Light candles at night,
Husband and wife are relatively like meeting in a dream.
Make an appreciative comment
The first poem in the trilogy "The Return of the Native" describes the family's mixed feelings when the poet first arrived home.
The first four sentences of this poem describe the poet's arrival in Qiangzhai at sunset. Sunset is a magnificent sunset, just like a cliff. This magnificent scenery will arouse the cordial memories of repeat customers and make them excited. "Sunfoot" refers to the light beam passing through the cloud gap, just like the foot of the sun. The phrase "the ground under the sun" is not only integrated into spoken English, but also quite anthropomorphic. It seems that the sun is eager to step into the ground and have a rest after a day's work. At this time, the poet happened to return from a long trip, and when he was writing about the scenery, he returned home excitedly. "Chai Men birdsong" is a distinctive rural night scene. At the same time, the noise of birds usurped the role of master, reflecting the desolation of villages in those years. There is a feeling of sadness in the scenery. The phrase "a thousand miles home" is plain in wording, but extremely unusual. There is a sense of relief, and it is secretly mixed with the uneasiness of "now, near my village, I met someone." The last eight sentences were written with mixed feelings of sadness and joy when I first met my family and neighbors. There is no tedious narration here, but it is simply reproduced with three pictures. The first is the scene of meeting his wife and children. "My wife blamed me for my death, and I was still crying when I was shocked" is the most typical and wonderful picture written. Originally, relatives seemed to be in love at first sight rather than surprised. However, in those war-torn years, people's lives were at stake, and the sudden appearance of relatives really made his wife unable to believe it, dare not admit it, and even became speechless ("blame me"), still "wiping tears" until she was shocked. This abnormal modality and twists and turns reflect the shadow of that extraordinary era. After writing the meeting, the poet sighed with emotion: "The world was in chaos, but he survived unexpectedly." This is the poet's deep affection and rich content. Followed by nearby onlookers. The sentence "sighing is also sad" is to write the envy and sadness of neighbors surrounded by walls, and to read and write that neighbors remind themselves of their pain. In just a few words, it is very human and subtle. The third scene is the scene where the family sits opposite each other at midnight. It's late at night, and the initial excitement should be over, but the family is still immersed in excitement and sadness. This is an indispensable close-up, extremely vivid.
Secondly,
Famous sentence: the north wind is strong and everything is fried.
Original poem
When I was old, I was forced to drag out an ignoble existence, and there was less fun at home.
Joule never leaves her knees, but she is afraid that I will go back.
Recalling the past, I am good at chasing the cold, so I go around the pool tree.
The north wind is strong, so you have to worry about everything.
Lai Zhihua harvested 6, but he was distressed.
Now it's time to think about it and use it to comfort dying people.
To annotate ...
1 old age: old age. Forced to drag out an ignoble existence: forced to live. 2 Joules: My beloved little son. 3 Good pursuit of cool: like to enjoy the cool. So, around the pool tree: I often walk by the pool tree. ⑤ Care: Think of the past. Worry: I am tormented by all kinds of worries. ⑥ Lai Zhi: Fortunately, I know. ⑦ Bad bed: an apparatus for brewing wine. Note: refers to the wine that has been made. 8 feet: That's enough. Consideration: refers to drinking. Pet-name ruby: refers to old age.
Translate poetry
Forced to live in the world in his later years,
I am not happy when I get home.
Yao's son hugged me tightly,
Afraid I'll run away from home again.
Recalling the past, my family likes to enjoy the cool,
I often walk under the tree by the pool.
The north wind rustled the branches,
Recalling the past makes people anxious and sad.
Knowing that the crops are about to be harvested,
Kaoliang liquor is brewed in a rotten bed.
As long as there is wine in front of you,
Let's spend our twilight years on it.
Make an appreciative comment
The second part of the trilogy of returning home is about the contradictory and depressed mood after returning home.
The first eight sentences of this poem are about boredom and unhappiness. Du Fu's order to go home this time is actually tantamount to exile. For ordinary people, "lucky to survive" is a blessing in misfortune; For those poets whose worries and joys are related to the world, it is a great misfortune in luck. After settling down, he immediately developed a sense of responsibility, feeling that maintaining a small family in such difficult times is tantamount to drag out an ignoble existence. But all this is necessary. This lack of fun, even the children realize: "Joule never leaves his knee, but he is afraid of me, but he will go back." For a poet who is still childlike, nothing can show his frustration more than this detail. Next, the poet recalled the past when he enjoyed the cool in the "tree by the pool" in June and July last year. The scenery of "the rustling north wind" was suddenly inserted into the narrative lyric, which greatly added a bitter atmosphere to the "music" in front, fully showing the poet's anxiety, mixed feelings and pain. The last four sentences say that the autumn harvest is over. Although the new wine has not been brewed, it can wait for the day, and it seems that you can feel it bubbling out of the rotten bed. Both "come here" and "refuse yourself" are expected words. Talking about wine is sorrow, which profoundly shows the poet's contradictory and depressed psychology and wants to get some comfort from illusory expectations.
third
Famous sentence: sigh in the sky when singing, and four tears are flowing.
Original poem
The chickens are crowing and the guests are beating.
I drove the chicken to the tree before I heard the knock on Chai Jing.
Four or five elders asked me about my long trip.
Each hand has its own carry, and turbidity is bright.
Well-meaning words: "the wine tastes weak, and the millet field is not cultivated."
The soldiers haven't stopped yet, and the children have already carried out the Crusade. "
Please sing an old song for your father and feel sorry for your hardships.
After singing, I sighed and cried.
To annotate ...
1 Chai Jing: refers to the humble door. (2) kē: Pour wine from the wine container, which is an ancient wine container. Turbid and clear: there are turbid wine and sake. 3 well-meaning words: repeated. One is "don't quit", that is, "don't give up" (4) Ge Bing: weapons and armor, referring to war.
Translate poetry
The house is full of chirping chickens,
The chickens are even noisier when the guests come.
When I caught the chicken in the tree,
I heard someone gently buckle Chai Fei.
Four or five people get together,
Come to my house to express my condolences.
They all have wine cans in their hands,
Some of the poured wine is clear and some are turbid.
They said apologetically, "Don't be too light,
Just because the fields have been abandoned for a long time.
The war has not stopped for a long time,
Young people left their crops and went to the east. "
"Please let me say a few words to the villagers,
Your kindness makes me ashamed. "
Then everyone had to look up and sigh.
Everyone's face is covered with tears.
Make an appreciative comment
The third part of the trilogy The Return of the Native is about a neighbor's visit. Through the details of the poet's communication with his hometown, the profound disaster caused by the Anshi Rebellion to the people is revealed.
In front of the poem, there are four interesting overtures, which are quite interesting in rural life and show the unexpected joy of the guests. In the next four sentences, four or five villagers came to visit with wine, showing that the simple folk customs were not completely destroyed by the war. Then four sentences tell the current events in the casual tone of my father and elder: from pouring wine to calling it "the wine tastes weak", from saying that the wine tastes weak to destroying production, and then to leading to "the soldiers have not stopped, and the children have explored the east." The difficulties of the times are self-evident and thought-provoking. Finally write the host's reply. He was so excited by the kindness of his elders that he couldn't help singing to express his gratitude. The word "shame" here means secretly taking care of "being forced to drag out an ignoble existence in one's twilight years".
"Three Poems of Qiang Village" passes through a corner of the northern countryside, reflecting the social reality during the Anshi Rebellion and the poet's feelings about state affairs, which is of high typical significance. Each chapter of this group of poems can be independent, but they are interrelated to form a complete whole. The poet drew three representative fragments of life from his return home. Not only do each chapter concentrate on pen and ink, but also use the natural pause between chapters to create the effect of opening and closing the curtain, giving readers room for imagination and association, so the poem is not long and can be subtle and profound. In addition, poetry is good at sketching, although it is based on a temporary experience, the scenery is true and there is no exaggeration. At the same time, he can grasp the description of typical life scenes and psychological activities of characters, with simple language, concise poems, harmonious phonology, rich lyric atmosphere and strong artistic expression.