This paper analyzes the historical process of the rise, development and growth of poetry. At the same time, this paper analyzes the important role of the Ta Kung Pao supplement "Frontline" in poetry reading and poetry reading movement, and holds that the appearance of poetry reading not only shows the colorful characteristics of Ta Kung Pao supplement, but also reflects its newspaper-running concept of paying attention to the times and paying attention to touching reality, being close to the people and influencing public opinion in literary form.
Keywords: "Ta Kung Pao" "Front" reciting poems
In recent years, a kind of poetry reading has emerged on the mobile phone client, which is very popular with WeChat users. The author noticed that many of his poems came from supplements of various media. Spreading the words published in the print media by sound can not only make the publicity effect more stereoscopic, but also enhance the closeness between the content and the readers. In fact, it is nothing new that the poetry works in the supplement are spread through recitation. During the Anti-Japanese War, the supplement of Ta Kung Pao was devoted to the recitation movement, which flourished for a while, and even a style called "reciting poems" appeared.
Frontline was first published on September18th1937th anniversary, and closed on October 30th 1943. * * * Published in the last issue of 100, during which a large number of literary works were compiled and distributed, among which "Reciting Poems" was the greatest achievement. By promoting poetry reading creation and poetry reading movement, the Front has fully played the social function of its literary position, trained a large number of writers, and made the spirit of the Anti-Japanese War deeply rooted in the hearts of the people.
First, the birth of reciting poems
"Reciting Poetry" came into being during the Anti-Japanese War, which is a successful blend of literature and art and paper media. In a sense, it is also a poetry revolution in the history of China's new literature. Zhang Jiluan, editor-in-chief of Ta Kung Pao, has a clear editing intention. He said, "Times have changed. Everything in wartime should also change with the times. It is no longer possible to publish something irrelevant to the times. Every article must be combative and conform to the consciousness of the times. " Reciting poems, as the name implies, is a poem to read. Different from previous poems, it opposes any formalism in creation, pursues easy-to-understand and catchy poetic language, and takes receiving direct publicity effect as the starting point for creation and performance, which is extremely inspiring and infectious.
"Poetry Reading" came into being with the "Poetry Reading" movement during the Anti-Japanese War. Poetry reading movement rose in the early days of the Anti-Japanese War, which gave birth to poetry reading, and the prosperity of poetry reading promoted the reading movement in full swing. From the media point of view, the supplement of Ta Kung Pao, especially Frontline, made the greatest contribution to the spread of poetry recitation during the Anti-Japanese War. It first published some poetry readings to promote War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression. Since then, many newspapers and publications have followed suit and started to publish poetry readings.
Due to the enthusiastic participation of poets and artists, newspaper supplements actively provided positions, and the creation of recitation poems showed a booming situation during the Anti-Japanese War. These works of art published in newspapers are more appealing after secondary artistic processing by radio stations. Taking Hankou, the cultural center at that time, as an example, the poems published in newspaper supplements received unexpected publicity effects after being broadcast by radio. Poetry has changed from paper media to audio media, and its form has changed obviously, which has also injected vitality into the broadcast media. Poetry acts as a "matchmaker" between the two media here, organically integrating the paper media propaganda with the broadcast propaganda, and enhancing the propaganda effect. There is a young writer, Tao Liang, who works as an announcer in Hankou Radio Station. He is full of musical accomplishment and poetry. Many poems were all the rage and deeply rooted in people's hearts after his recitation.
With the deepening of the Anti-Japanese War, the spread of poetry recitation, an art form, is also deepening, no longer confined to big cities and cultural centers, but showing a trend of extending to vast rural areas and major war zones, thus popularizing poetry recitation to farmers and soldiers. At that time, the theme of the war of resistance was very clear. By reciting poems, farmers and soldiers are actually mobilized, their anti-Japanese determination is stimulated, their national sentiment is inspired, and their anti-Japanese will is strengthened. Therefore, it is no exaggeration to say that reciting poems plays a role as a fighting weapon. It should be said that in wartime China, the propaganda content of various art forms was not very rich. In this case, poetry recitation has sprung up, and it should be said that it came into being.
It is worth mentioning that The Yellow River Cantata, who cooperated with Xian Xinghai during the Anti-Japanese War, also joined the recitation part, and with the accompaniment of musical instruments, the artistic effect of poetry recitation reached an unprecedented peak. There are many famous poems in recitation, such as My Home is on Heilongjiang written by Gao Lan 1940 and Sorghum is Red by An E. At that time, these famous poems often appeared in various cultural gatherings, holiday parties and square publicity activities during the Anti-Japanese War, which played an inspiring and morale-boosting role, so that it became a practice to recite poems at almost every gathering and party. For example, at that time, the "National Literature and Art Research Department" had a recitation program at every gathering, which further promoted poetry recitation to become an important literary performance and regular program during the Anti-Japanese War.
Second, the development and growth of poetry recitation
During the Anti-Japanese War, poetry recitation activities had a wide geographical scope, and there were many literary and art workers who were enthusiastic about this activity as far away as Hong Kong and Guilin. At that time, many famous literati, such as Xu Chi, Han Beiping, Yuan Shuipai, Mu, Lei and so on. He is an active advocate of reciting poems.
It is not enough to rely on the efforts of some enthusiastic poets for the profound influence and wide spread of poems recited during the Anti-Japanese War. After all, personal strength and scope of activities are limited. In this respect, it is particularly noteworthy that the spread of poetry reading appeared a special organizational form-poetry reading team during the Anti-Japanese War. The previous supplement made a detailed report on the formation of the poetry recitation team. The artists who participated in the establishment of the poetry recitation team not only came from the poetry circle, but also from the music and drama circles. There are not only famous old artists such as Guo Moruo, Ai Qing, He Lvting and Guang William. J, but also many rising stars in the art world. It can be said that the establishment of the poetry recitation team is a demonstration of China's cultural strength in wartime.
Undoubtedly, the establishment of the poetry recitation team has a far-reaching influence beyond the scope of poetry itself, and then it is linked with the national future and even the destiny of mankind during the Anti-Japanese War. This far-reaching nature, as Chen Jiying, editor-in-chief of Frontline Supplement and an important advocate of poetry recitation, said: "The establishment of poetry recitation team is not only to expand the field of poetry to all levels, but also to revive China's dead poetry and carry forward poetry through recitation practice. In other words, with the skill of reciting, the task of poetry itself can be realized to influence human life. " This shows that the poetry recitation team is not focused on pure artistic activities, not ignoring reality, on the contrary, it is to further promote the combination of poetry and reality and promote poetry to serve the reality of the Anti-Japanese War. This promoted the combat function of poetry recitation to a higher level, and made new development for the function of China's new poetry since the May 4th Movement.
As a collective and loose art organization form under the war, the poetry recitation team promoted the spread and development of China's poetry recitation in its unique way. One is to ask poetry to go out of the ivory tower and let poetry go to the people, to the battlefield and to the people's lives. The second is to promote the integration of poetry and other art forms, such as the combination of poetry and music, poetry and performance. Thirdly, under the historical situation at that time, a practical action worthy of a great book by the poetry recitation team was to promote the integration of poetry art and radio technology, which was a great pioneering work. Radio travels much faster than paper media, and the beautiful voice of poetry reading can be instantly transmitted to China and even all over the world by radio waves. Therefore, the establishment of the poetry recitation team is of epoch-making significance in the cultural history of China.
Third, Ta Kung Pao and poetry reading
In the poetry reading and poetry reading movement formed and developed during the Anti-Japanese War, newspapers played an important role, among which Ta Kung Pao made the most outstanding contribution. First of all, poetry recitation first appeared in the Frontline supplement of Ta Kung Pao, which set off an artistic trend of poetry recitation and drove other media to follow suit. Secondly, the supplement of Ta Kung Pao provides sufficient "basis" for reciting poems. Its supplement page not only publishes the works of famous poets, but also is quite open to young poets. Some unknown young artists have grown up with the help of the supplement of Ta Kung Pao. It can be said that Ta Kung Pao has trained a group of writers and poets who recite poems for China's literary world.
Ta Kung Pao not only published poetry recitation in its supplement to cultivate poetry writers, but also often reported news related to poetry recitation movement, tracked the dynamics of poetry recitation movement and reported it continuously, which was not easy in newspapers at that time. Because of the war, many newspapers have run into problems. In order to reduce costs, many newspapers have tightened their layout and narrowed their coverage, focusing only on big news. Things that seem to belong to the edge of the times, such as reciting poems, have been ignored by many newspapers. However, Ta Kung Pao is not. Editor-in-chief Zhang Jiluan has always been partial to poetry reading and attached importance to poetry reading activities, which has had an important influence on the style of Ta Kung Pao. What's more commendable is that under the extremely difficult material conditions in wartime, Ta Kung Pao also generously donated money to support artists who carried out poetry reading activities.
As a new form of poetry during the Anti-Japanese War, Ta Kung Pao made an important contribution to it. His advocacy and "cultivation" of poetry recitation and poetry recitation movement not only presents colorful features in his literary supplement, but also embodies the idea of running Ta Kung Pao, which pays close attention to the times, touches the reality in literary form, is close to the people, influences public opinion and serves the society.
The writer is the editor-in-chief and editor-in-chief of Culture Weekly, a newspaper of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.
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