The Book of Songs is the first collection of poems in China, which was called "Poems" or "Poems 300" in the pre-Qin period and was compiled by Confucius. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty adopted Dong Zhongshu's suggestion of "ousting a hundred schools of thought and respecting Confucianism alone", and respected the Book of Songs as a classic and named it The Book of Songs. There are 305 existing poems in The Book of Songs, including more than 500 years of folk songs and temple movements from the early Western Zhou Dynasty to the mid-Spring and Autumn Period, which are divided into three chapters: style, elegance and ode.
Feng includes fifteen national styles, namely, Yi, Wei, Wang, Zheng, Qi, Wei, Tang, Qin, Chen, Qi, Cao and Qian. Most of them are works of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, and a few of them were written in the late Western Zhou Dynasty, mainly folk songs. (Tai: The name of the Zhou Dynasty vassal is in today's Henan Province. Yan: Later, it was merged into Weiguo, and the old city was in the northeast of Jixian County, Henan Province.
Wei: The name of a vassal is in northern Henan and southern Hebei. Wang: The capital after the eastward shift is in Luoyang. Zheng: Xinzheng County, Henan Province. Qi: Today, most parts of Shandong Province. Wei: The ancient state of Wei was in the northeast of Ruicheng County, Shanxi Province. Tang: The predecessor of Jin was in today's Shanxi Province.
Qin: In today's Shaanxi Province. Chen: In Huaiyang, Zhecheng County, Henan Province, and Haoxian County, Anhui Province. Di: After Di was destroyed by Zheng, the territory of the two countries was equivalent to Zhengzhou, Xinzhen, Xingyang and Mixian in Henan Province. Cao: In today's areas of Cao County, Heze and Dingtao in Shandong Province. Blessing: Also known as Zhai, it is located in Chen County and Xunyi County of Shaanxi Province. )
"Elegance" includes Elegance and Elegance, *** 105, which is the work that the Zhou Dynasty directly ruled Diwangji area. They are all court music songs of the Zhou Dynasty, praising court officials.
Ode includes Zhou Song, Truffle and Shang Ode, with a total of 40 articles. Among them, "Zhou Song" is a work in the early Western Zhou Dynasty, and it is a music song used by the rulers of the Western Zhou Dynasty for sacrifice. Most of the content is to praise the noble rulers and the princes before the Zhou Dynasty, 3 1 article; "Truffle" is a work by Lu in the 7th century BC, praising Lu Xigong, the monarch of Lu, with four articles. Ode to Shang Dynasty is a work of Song State from the 8th century BC to the 7th century BC, consisting of five articles.
The Book of Songs, as a classic work, has had an extremely extensive and far-reaching impact on the emergence and development of China's history and culture, and is a valuable spiritual and cultural wealth of the Chinese nation.
Extended data
Creation background
Joo Won?, the birthplace of the Zhou Dynasty, was suitable for agriculture. Poems such as Gong Liu and Mianmian Guaju in The Scholars all show that Zhou prospered the country with agriculture, and the development of agriculture promoted social progress. After the conquest, the Zhou clan became the master of the world, and the patriarchal clan system, land, slave private ownership and the rule of aristocratic lords became the social and political characteristics of this historical period.
Apart from the tyranny of Shang and Zhou Dynasties, the replacement of Shang and Zhou Dynasties by Western Zhou Dynasty was mainly related to its slavery economic system. After the establishment of the Western Zhou Dynasty, in order to alleviate the sharp contradiction between production relations and productivity and class struggle, slavery was transformed into serfdom.
As Wang Guowei said in On the System of Shang Dynasty: "The political and cultural changes in China were not carried out during the Yin and Zhou Dynasties ... On the surface, the three major changes in the Yin and Zhou Dynasties were nothing more than the rise and fall of a surname and the transfer of the capital. Judging from the implication, the old system is abolished and the new system is promoted, and the old culture is abolished and the new culture is promoted ... "
Compared with Shang Dynasty, the Western Zhou Dynasty promoted the rapid development of social spiritual civilization due to the great changes in the economic system. As a representative of literature, the appearance of The Book of Songs is an inevitable product of the progress of the times, which in turn promotes the progress of social civilization.
Baidu Encyclopedia-The Book of Songs