Teenagers are rare, and they are good at the Six Classics. If you are not confused, stay for a long time will accomplish nothing. Actually, I am holding on to poverty, and I am hungry and full. We live in hentai, and weeds have no forecourt. Keep the night in brown, and the morning chicken won't crow. Meng Gong was not here, so he finally saved my feelings.
Seclusion is one of the special traditions of China's history and culture. A true hermit is a man of lofty ideals who fights against the dark society and alien reality. Since Boyi, there have been many hermits. Tao Yuanming was the first person who made a profound and complete portrayal of recluse mentality and life with poetry. This poem is a good example.
from the beginning, Yuan Ming recounts the foundation of settling down in his life. "Young people are scarce and swim well in the Six Classics." Personnel refers to the common things of communication and entertainment. "The Biography of Huang Wan in the Later Han Dynasty" says: "Children who are rich in power at the time are often rewarded by personnel." The personnel semantics are the same. Good swimming, hobby and swimming experience. Swimming well is actually a very clear reading attitude and method (as opposed to dead reading). "Book of Rites Learning" says: "Therefore, a gentleman is interested in learning, hiding, resting and traveling." Jin Duyu's Preface to the Spring and Autumn Annals says: "Be superior and soft, and make it self-seeking; If you are embarrassed, you will follow suit. " Swimming well is also called. Or it is a misunderstanding to think that swimming well means reading in general. The Six Classics refers to the Confucian Classics. Yuan Ming's "Returning to the Garden House" goes: "Little is not suitable for vulgar rhyme, and nature loves Qiushan." It is possible to invent with this poem. "Less is not suitable for vulgar rhyme" is the cause, and "Young people are scarce" is the result. Deep tomorrow is incompatible with the secular, so it is extremely neglected in personnel communication. And "love Qiushan by nature" and "swim well in the Six Classics" are just the profound nature, loving both nature and traditional culture. In the Jin Dynasty, "scholars took Lao Zi and Zhuang Zi as their teachers, but learned the Six Classics" (Jin Gan Bao's General Introduction to Jin Ji). Yuan Ming is good at six classics, which shows that he is a maverick and his life is effective. Deeply educated by Confucianism, Yuanming set up the ambition of taking the world as his own responsibility. However, "if you are not confused, stay for a long time will achieve nothing." Time flies, approaching 4 years, my career is not progressing, and I have achieved nothing. Not confused, the Analects of Confucius is a government: "Confucius said:' I am interested in learning five times out of ten, standing at thirty, and not confused at forty.' "In the next sentence, Gai used" Nine Arguments on Chu Ci "to" beat stay for a long time and accomplish nothing. " These two sentences are very gentle, but they actually imply a major turning point in Yuan Ming's life-abandoning officials and retiring. At that time, Yuanming was forty-one years old, just after the age of no doubt. The real reason why Yuan Ming abandoned his official position and retired to seclusion was not the achievement or failure of his official career, but anger at the political and social darkness. So I went on to say, "It's even worse to be hungry, cold and full." Solid poverty, the text "The Analects of Confucius Wei Linggong": "Confucius said:' The gentleman is solid poverty, and the villain is poor. "It means that a gentleman is sometimes trapped and poor, but unlike a villain who is poor, he loses his character. Being poor can also be interpreted as a gentleman sticking to his poverty. The general idea is the same. Yuan Ming claims that he has always been determined to be poor, and even though he has suffered from hunger and cold, he will never yield to the dark forces. These two sentences are actually condensed by the spirit of the whole poem, which shows that Yuan Ming's life was due to the depth of Confucianism. Above, from the interest of teenagers to the retirement of middle age, the following will make me feel comfortable after retirement. "We have made friends with hentai, and weeds have no vestibule." The autumn wind blew through the dilapidated houses, and weeds filled the courtyard in front of the door. The life of a hermit is not only cold and hungry, but also lonely. "Keep the night in brown, and the morning chicken won't crow." Wearing clothes and sitting in the night, the night is long, and the morning chicken refuses to announce the dawn. It is not necessary to say whether Yuanming is sleepless because of the cold night, or because of his mood, or both. Only these two poems are full of symbolic meaning, which can be said to symbolize the darkness of the times and the integrity of people with lofty ideals. The darker the times, the lonelier the people with lofty ideals. This layer of meaning can also be understood. "Meng Gong is not here, so he finally died." Meng Gong is the word of Liu Gong in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Huangfu Mi's Biography of Gao Shi in Jin Dynasty contains: Zhang Zhongwei, a native of Ping Ling, is invisible, good at writing, good at poetry, often living in poverty, and there is no one in Artemisia. When people don't know, only Liu Gong knows. Yuan Ming borrowed this code because he compared himself with Zhong Wei. If he had no confidant like Liu Gong when he was sad, his true feelings would only disappear into the world. The second half of the poem presents a state of great loneliness. However, in this great loneliness, there is a kind of spirit that actually holds a solid poverty festival and stands tall; There is also an ambition of Shang You's ancient sages, which runs through ancient and modern times. Therefore, this is a very high realm, an upward realm.
as shown in this poem, from "swimming well in the Six Classics" in my youth to "holding on to poverty" after my retirement, the life before and after my retirement is a complete life. Traditional thought is the spiritual lifeline of his life. As this poem shows, Yuan Ming's great loneliness in the dark ages is not a negative and gloomy state, but a spirit of transcendence and upward. You can know a man by reading Yuan Ming's poems.
the language of this poem is concise and natural, but it is profound and broad. The whole poem contains the mental journey and spiritual realm of Yuanming's life. This poem is gentle and graceful, but awe-inspiring in spirit. The words "actually hold the festival of poverty" and "keep the night in brown" are all like hammers, which embodies deep and solid strength. Concise, rich, moist and strong, this is the profound accomplishment of Yuanming's poetry.