I. Historical background and cultural environment:
Tang poetry and Song ci respectively represent the historical background and cultural environment of Tang and Song dynasties. The Tang Dynasty was a prosperous time in the history of China, and its politics, economy and culture all reached a relatively stable and prosperous state. Tang poetry is produced under such a social background. His poems are rich in content and sincere in emotion, which shows people's perception and understanding of life, history and nature in the Tang Dynasty.
In contrast, the political environment in Song Dynasty is relatively complex, with constant party struggles and frequent wars, which makes Song poetry pay more attention to thinking about life and exploring the inner world in expression techniques. Song poetry is full of profound thinking and discussion on life, humanity and morality, which shows the influence of Neo-Confucianism.
Second, the artistic style and expression:
There are also great differences in artistic style and expression between Tang poetry and Song poetry. Tang poetry mainly describes nature, with direct and vivid emotional expression and strong sense of image and artistic conception. For example, Wang Zhihuan's "In the Heron Tower" and Li Bai's "Early Making Baidicheng" all express people's feelings about nature, history and life in the Tang Dynasty with vivid pictures and profound emotions.
In contrast, Song poetry pays more attention to thinking about life and exploring the inner world. Poetry is full of profound thoughts on human nature, morality and society. In terms of expression techniques, Song poetry pays more attention to the use of language and the innovation of expression techniques, and expresses the theme of poetry through delicate description and in-depth thinking. For example, Su Shi's Niannujiao Chibi Nostalgia and Lu You's Hairpin Phoenix all express people's feelings about life, history and nature in the Song Dynasty with in-depth emotion and thinking.
Similarity between Song Poetry and Tang Poetry
Emotional expression: Tang poetry and Song poetry all pay attention to emotional expression. Tang poetry wins with rhyme and is good at expressing emotion, while Song poetry, although more focused on reasoning, also shows rich emotions in poetry.
Social reality reflection: Tang poetry and Song poetry all reflected the social reality at that time. Tang poetry reflects social reality by depicting people's lives and emotions, while Song poetry reflects social reality more from the perspective of historical events and current politics.
Cultural value: Tang poetry and Song poetry are all treasures of China culture, with extremely high cultural value. They not only represent the highest achievement of China's poetry, but also reflect the cultural atmosphere and ideas of the society at that time.