Translation:
People are born with good natures that are similar to each other, but habits are far apart
Translation: When people are born, they are all good-natured, and good-natured people are very close to each other. Just because the environment and learning environment acquired during the growth process are different, the temperament also has a difference between good and bad.
If you don’t teach your nature well, it’s the way to change your education and to be professional
Translation: If you don’t educate yourself well from an early age, your kind nature will change with the influence of the environment. As for Among the many laws of education, attention should be paid to cultivating children's concentration and perseverance.
In the past, Mencius’s mother chose a virgin from her neighbor and did not learn from him (zhù)
Translation: During the Warring States Period, Mencius’s mother moved three times (from near the cemetery to the side of the slaughterhouse, and moved again and again to the school) in order to provide Mencius with a good learning environment. Once Mencius skipped school, Meng's mother cut off the loom cloth to teach him.
Dou (dòu) Yanshan Youyi Fangjiao's five sons all became famous
Translation During the Five Dynasties, Dou Yujun, a Yanshan native, was very good at educating his sons, and the five sons he educated were all very successful. , and at the same time he became famous in the imperial examination, so Dou Yujun became famous far and wide.
It is the fault of the father to raise a child without education. It is the fault of the father to raise a child without education. Not being strict with students is a sign of laziness as a teacher.
It is not appropriate for a child not to learn. What is the use of an old man if he does not learn?
Translation: It is wrong for children not to study hard; when they are young, they are not willing to work hard and study hard. When you are older, what else can you do?
If jade is not polished and carved, it will not become a beautiful object; if a person does not learn, he will not understand the principles of life. , it will not become a great weapon.
Being a Son Fang Shaoshi, being a teacher and friend, learning etiquette
Children should get close to their teachers, make helpful friends, and learn the etiquette of treating others, dealing with things, responding, and advancing and retreating from an early age.
Xiang Jiuling can warm the mat, be filial to relatives, and be responsible for his duties.
Translation: Huang Xiang, a native of the Eastern Han Dynasty, knew how to honor his father and warm his bed when he was nine years old. Children should be filial to their parents.
At the age of four, Rong could make his pear brother Yu Changyi a prophet
Translation: When Kong Rong in the Han Dynasty was four years old, he knew how to give big pears to his elder brother to eat. This kind of respect and friendship The virtues of an elder brother should be taught and cultivated early.
The first thing a person should learn is to honor his parents and love his brothers. The second thing is to expand his knowledge and knowledge to expand himself. Improve your knowledge, understand the changes in numbers, and study the articles of ancient sages to cultivate yourself.
One is ten and ten is one hundred and one is thousands and thousands
Translation One to ten is the basic number, then ten ten is one hundred, and ten one hundred is one thousand , ten thousand is ten thousand... When accumulated in this way, it can be endless.
Three Talents: Heaven, Earth and People; Three Lights: Sun, Moon and Stars
Translation The ancients believed that when chaos first opened, the light and pure Qi would float up to become the sky, while the heavy and turbid Qi would condense down and become the Earth. After the establishment of the universe, all living things in the world will multiply and grow between heaven and earth, forever. Human beings are the most advanced creatures. Therefore, the ancients referred to the basic elements that constitute the phenomenon and meaning of life - heaven, earth and man as the "three talents". Ancient Yin-Yang scholars believed that the sun during the day is the essence of "Yang Qi", and the moon at night is the soul of "Yin Qi", while the stars are arranged in the sky, brilliant and brilliant, reflecting the sun and moon. Therefore, the ancients called the sun, moon and stars the "three lights".
The three cardinal principles are the righteousness of the king and his ministers, the relationship between father and son, and the obedience of husband and wife.
What is the translation of the "three cardinal principles"? The three cardinal principles are the three most important ethical relationships that must be maintained between people. That is, the words and deeds of the king and his ministers must be in line with justice, there must be family affection between parents and children, and there must be harmony between husband and wife.
Spring, summer, autumn and winter, these four seasons are endless
Translation: Spring, summer, autumn, and winter are the four seasons of the year. These four seasons cycle back and forth and never stop. .
It is said to be north, south, west and east. These four directions correspond to the center.
The translation is east, south, west and north. These four directions all correspond to each other based on the central position.
Water, fire, wood, metal, and earth. These five elements are based on numbers.
Translation: Metal, wood, water, fire, and earth are the five basic properties that constitute matter, called the "Five Elements." The five elements come from heaven.
The ten stems are A to Gui (guǐ) and the twelve branches to Hai
The translated "Ten Stems" refer to A, B, C, Ding, Wu (wù), Ji, Geng (gēng), Xin, Ren (rén), and Gui (guǐ) are also called "Heavenly Stems"; the "Twelve Branches" refer to Zi, Chou, Yin (yín), Mao (mǎo), Chen, Si (sì), Wu, Wei, Shen, You (yǒu), Xu (xū), and Hai (hài), also called "earth branches", are ancient timekeeping symbols.
Ecliptic, Sun (chán), Equator, Zhongquan
Translation: The earth revolves around the sun, and the sun revolves around the center of the Milky Way. The orbit of the sun is called the "ecliptic". The equator is the center line of the earth and divides the earth into the southern and northern hemispheres.
Below the equator, it is extremely warm. My China is in the Northeast.
Translation In the equatorial region, the temperature is the highest and the climate is particularly hot. From the equator to the north and south, the temperature gradually becomes lower. Our country is located in the eastern part of the Northern Hemisphere.
The rivers are said to be the four rivers of Zhunji (dú) The Chronicle of Water
Translation: The Yangtze River, Yellow River, Huaihe River and Jishui flow directly into the sea. These four rivers are the largest rivers in China. represent.
Dai (dài) Huasong (sōng) Hengheng is the name of the Five Mountains
The translation is Dongyue Taishan, Xiyue Huashan, Zhongyue Songshan, Nanyue Hengshan, and Beiyue Hengshan. These five mountains are This mountain is called the "Five Sacred Mountains" and is one of the five famous mountains in China.
Shi Nong said that industry and commerce are the good qualities of the Four Republics
Translation: Intellectuals, farmers, workers and businessmen are the indispensable pillars of the country. They are called the Four People. They are important to society. components.
It is said that benevolence, righteousness, propriety, wisdom, and trust are the five principles that cannot be disrupted (wěn)
Translated: Benevolence, righteousness, propriety, wisdom, and trust are the five principles that maintain the relationship between people. It never changes, must be observed and no confusion is tolerated.
There are grasses and trees that grow on the earth. These plants are all over the land and water.
Translation: There are many kinds of living things that grow on the earth, such as grass and trees, which are plants, all over the land and water.
There are insects, fish, birds and beasts, these animals can fly
Translation As for animals, insects, fish, birds and beasts, some of them can fly in the sky and some can fly on the land. Walking up there, some can swim in the water.
Daoliang Shu (shū) Wheat Millet (shǔ) Ji (jì) These six grains are eaten by people
Translation Rice, sorghum, beans, wheat, millet and millet are the food of human beings. The main food crops eaten.
Horses, cattle, sheep, chickens, dogs (quǎn), hogs (shǐ) These six animals are fed by people
Translation Horses, cattle, sheep, chickens, dogs and pigs are called the six animals. They are the main livestock raised by humans.
It is called joy and anger, it is called sadness, fear, love, hate and desire. The seven emotions are all
The translation is happiness, anger, sadness, fear, love, hatred and desire. Together they are called seven emotions. These are the seven emotions that humans are born with.
The five colors of green, red, yellow and black and white are recognized by the eyes
Translation Cyan, yellow, red, black and white are the five traditional colors in ancient my country. It is easy for us to use our eyes. Identify.
The five flavors of sour, bitter, sweet and pungent are contained in the mouth
Translation: Sour, sweet, bitter, spicy and salty, these five flavors are the five flavors contained in food .
The smell of burnt mutton and rotten fish are the five smells smelled by the nose
The translation smell mainly includes five kinds: mutton smell, burnt smell, fragrance, fish smell and rotten smell. Smell, these are the five odors that our noses can smell.
), etc.], earth types [Xun (xūn), etc.], leather types [drums, etc.], wood types [混(zhù), etc.], stone types [Qìng (qìng)], gold types [bells, bells, etc.], silk types The types [qin, zither, etc.] and the bamboo types [guan, Xiao, etc.] are called "eight tones".
said Ping Shang, said Qu and Enter. These four tones should be coordinated.
The translation: Ping, Shang, Qu and Ru are the "four tones" in ancient times. When speaking, pronunciation should be correct so that people can hear you clearly.
Great-great-grandfather is the father, the body is the son, and the son is the grandson.
The translation is that the great-great-grandfather begets the great-grandfather, the great-grandfather begets the father, the father begets me, I beget the son, and the son begets the grandson.
From descendants to great-great-great-grandsons, they are the nine clans and human relations
The translation is followed by one's sons and grandsons, namely great-grandsons and great-great-grandsons. Taking the person as the center, count the "four generations" at the top and the "four generations" at the bottom. One generation is nine generations, commonly known as the "nine tribes". It is the basic ethical relationship between elder and younger in the family.
Father and son, husband and wife should be friends with their elder brothers and be respectful to their younger brothers
Translation: parents’ love for their children, children’s filial piety towards their parents, husband and wife’s harmonious relationship, elder brother’s love for his younger brother, younger brother’s love for his elder brother Be respectful.
Friends and friends should respect each other and be loyal
Translation: Older people should pay attention to the order of respect for older people and younger people when interacting with younger people; when friends get along, they should keep their trust in each other. . If the monarch respects his ministers, the officials will be loyal to him.
Do not violate the teachings shared by the Ten Righteous Men
What is said in the translation: Father is kind, Son is filial, Husband is harmonious, Wife is obedient, Brother and friend, Brother is respectful, Friends Trust, friendship, respect for the king, and loyalty to the ministers, these are the "ten righteousnesses" advocated by feudal society. Moral standards that require everyone to abide by and cannot be violated.
Five kinds of filial piety clothes that a person wears when he dies.
The six ancient skills of etiquette, music, archery, calligraphy and arithmetic are not available today
Translation Etiquette, music, archery, driving, calligraphy and arithmetic are the six skills that the ancients must teach their children, called " "There are six skills that scholars must learn. No one can possess these six skills at the same time.
Only the study of calligraphy is followed by people who can read and speak
Of the six arts, only calligraphy is still respected by everyone. After a person knows Chinese characters, he can study "Shuowen Jiezi", which is helpful for studying advanced knowledge.
There are ancient scripts, large seal scripts, and official scripts that cannot be confused
Translation The development of Chinese writing has gone through ancient scripts, large seal scripts, small seal scripts, official scripts, and cursive scripts. This must be understood clearly and not confused. .
If Guangxue is afraid of its complexity, but a brief introduction can understand the original meaning
The knowledge in the world of translation is vast and boundless. If you want to learn it all, I am afraid you will not be able to learn it. It is better to choose one. If you go deep into the door, practice it for a long time, and accumulate time and effort, you will naturally achieve extraordinary results. For the rest, you only need to know its outline and understand the source.
Every teacher must pay attention to detailed instructions, clear sentences and reading
Translation: Any teacher who teaches children who have just entered school must make every word clear and explain every sentence clearly. And it enables school children to know how to segment sentences when reading.
A scholar must have the Four Books from the Elementary School to the Elementary School
To study and study, you must have a good start in order to lay a good foundation. You should first be familiar with the "Primary School" written by Zhu Xi of the Song Dynasty. In this book, you can learn how to cope with sweeping and the Six Arts, etc., and then delve into the great knowledge of Qi Zhiping in the four books.
The Analects of Confucius has twenty chapters, and the disciples have recorded good words.
The book "The Analects of Confucius" has twenty chapters in its translation. It is a book written by Confucius's disciples and his disciples' disciples about Confucius' remarks.
Mencius's seven chapters only talk about morality and benevolence and righteousness
The translation of "Mencius" is a book written by students Wan Zhang and Gongsun Chou to record the words and deeds of their teachers. There are seven chapters in total, and the contents are all It is about morality and righteousness.
The book "The Mean" was written by Kong Ji (jí), the grandson of Confucius (Kong Ji's courtesy name is Zisi, The ancients used words to commensurate and act with words. ) means impartiality, Yong means difficult and unchanging.
The book "The University of Translation" was written by Zeng Shen, a student of Confucius. The book has ten chapters, and the content is about a person. From cultivating oneself and managing one's family to governing a country and bringing peace to the world.
The Four Books of Filial Piety can only be read if you are familiar with the Six Classics
The translation of "The Classic of Filial Piety" is one of the Confucian classics. The last eighteen chapters were written by Confucius' disciples. Discusses feudal filial piety. As the saying goes: "Filial piety comes first among all good deeds." Therefore, when ancient people studied knowledge, they first read the Classic of Filial Piety to fully understand the principles of the book. Then they read the four books to understand the principles of life and have a foundation of knowledge. Only then can we study the profound classics such as the Six Classics.
The Six Classics of Poetry and Book of Changes, Book of Changes, Spring and Autumn Annals should be emphasized
The translation of "Poetry", "Book", "Yi", "Li", "Chunqiu", plus "Music" "called the Six Classics, which are important classics of ancient Chinese Confucianism. These classics should be studied carefully.
There are Lianshan, Guizang and Zhouyi. , *** known as the Three Changes, "Lianshan" and "Gui Zang" have been lost. Today, only "Zhouyi" has been handed down. It was reviewed and revised by Confucius, and the theories in the book are relatively detailed and easy to understand.
There are Dian Mo (mó), there are instructions (gào), there are secrets of the Oath Book
The content of the translated "Shu Jing" is divided into six parts: One Dian, which is used to establish the country. The basic principles; the second mo, which is the plan for governing the country; the third training, which is the attitude of the ministers; the fourth imperial edict, which is the monarch's announcement; the fifth oath, which is the announcement of the army; and the sixth command, which is the monarch's order. These are the mysteries of the Book of Books.
I, the Duke of Zhou, wrote the Rites of Zhou and wrote the Six Officials System
Translation: The Duke of Zhou established the Rites of Zhou and established the political system of the country by dividing officials and establishing posts. The six officials are the six ministers, which includes the heaven. Official: Otsuka Zai of the Ministry of Personnel, District official: Dai Situ of the Ministry of Hubu, Spring official: Dai Zongbo of the Ministry of Rites, Summer official: Dai Sima of the Ministry of War, Autumn official: Dai Sima of the Ministry of Punishment, Winter official: Dai Sikong of the Ministry of Works, all under the emperor. Each performed his or her duties to manage national affairs and preserved a good political example for future generations.
Da Dai's Notes on Rites, Narration of Holy Words, Ritual and Music Preparations
The translation is written by Dai De, a Confucian scholar in the Western Han Dynasty, and Dai Sheng, his nephew, respectively. Its content completely preserves the words of ancient sages and sages. Since "Li" and "Music" were often combined together in ancient times, "Yue Ji" was included in "Xiao Dai Li Ji", so "Li Ji" makes "Li" and "Music" complete.
The four poems of "Guofeng", "Ya Ode" and "Ode to Ya" should be satirical chants
The translation of the Book of Songs is "Guo Feng", "Daya", "Xiaoya" and "Song". As the "Four Poems", it is a kind of poetry with rich content and deep emotions, which is really worthy of our chanting.
After the death of poetry, the Spring and Autumn Period was composed of praise and criticism, distinguishing between good and evil
Translation Later, due to the decline of the Zhou Dynasty, the trend of poetry gradually declined and disappeared, so Confucius wrote "Spring and Autumn", This book contains the praise and criticism of real politics and the differentiation of good and evil behaviors of various countries.
Three biography authors include Gongyang, Zuo Shi and Guliang
There are many works on the translation, annotation and explanation of "Spring and Autumn", the most famous one is called "Three Biography", "Three Biography" "They are "Gongyang Zhuan" written by Yang Gao, "Zuo Zhuan" written by Zuo Qiuming and "Gu Liang Zhuan" written by Gu Liangchi.
Now that the scriptures are clear, Fang Duzi summarizes its essentials and records its events.
After the translator understands all these Confucian classics, he can read the books of hundreds of schools of thought. When reading Zhuzi's books, you only need to grasp the key points and remember the main contents.
The five sons include Xun Yang, Wen Zhongzi and Laozi.
The translated five sons refer to Xunzi, Yangtze, Wen Zhongzi, Laozi and Zhuangzi. The books they wrote were called Zishu.
The Jingzi reads all the historical records to know the beginning and end of the lineage
After the translated Jingshu and Zishu are integrated, you can start to study various historical books. Historical books record the rise and fall of a country, and we must learn from them. Examine the lineage passed down by the dynasties of past dynasties, understand the political pros and cons of each country, and the reasons for the rise and fall of chaos, and give yourself a warning.
From Xi Nong to the Yellow Emperor, three emperors lived in the world
Translation From Fuxi, Shennong to the Yellow Emperor, these three ancient emperors were diligent and caring for the people. They were so great that later generations respectfully called them the "Three Emperors".
In the Tang Dynasty, the two emperors named Yu, Xiang Xun (xùn), were called prosperous times
The translation was passed down to Tang Dynasty, when Yao and Yu Shun were collectively called the "two emperors". They both regarded the country as a public instrument and passed down the tradition. The virtuous were not passed on to their descendants, but the throne was given to the virtuous. Because there was no selfishness at all, a peaceful and prosperous era was created.
Xia had Yu, Shang had Tang, and Zhou Wenwu were called the Three Kings
Translation: The founding monarch of the Xia Dynasty was Yu, the founding monarch of the Shang Dynasty was Tang, and the founding monarchs of the Zhou Dynasty were King Wen and King Wu. These kings with both ability and political integrity were called the "Three Kings" by later generations.
Therefore, the princes supported Qi as the emperor. From then on, China became the world under one roof. After more than four hundred years, Xia was destroyed by Tang, thus ending its rule. The Xia Dynasty lasted four hundred years and then changed dynasties.
King Wu of Zhou began to punish Zhou for the longest time in eight hundred years
Translation: King Wu of Zhou raised his troops to attack Zhou, fought a decisive battle with King Zhou in Muye, destroyed the Shang Dynasty, and established the Zhou Dynasty. Lasting for more than 800 years, this is the longest dynasty in Chinese history.
Zhou Zhidong Wang Gangchui (zhuì) Go to war (gē) Shang Youyou
Translation Since King Ping of Zhou moved the capital eastward, his control over the princes has become weaker and weaker. War often broke out between the vassal states, and some counselors and speculators took the opportunity to rise up. They traveled around the country as lobbyists to seek fame and lobby among the countries. Some advocated alliances, and some advocated alliances. From then on, wars continued and disasters were brought to the world. No peace.
The beginning of the Spring and Autumn Period and the end of the Warring States Period. The Five Hegemons emerged and the Seven Heroes emerged.
Translation: The Eastern Zhou Dynasty is divided into two stages, one is the Spring and Autumn Period and the other is the Warring States Period. During the Spring and Autumn Period, Duke Heng of Qi, Duke Xiang of Song, Duke Wen of Jin, Duke Mu of Qin and King Zhuang of Chu were known as the "Five Hegemons of the Spring and Autumn Period". The "Seven Heroes of the Warring States Period" are Qi, Chu, Yan, Han, Zhao, Wei, and Qin.
Ying (yíng) Qin's first annexation passed down the second Chu-Han conflict
The translation of Qin Shiwang's surname Ying Mingzheng adopted Zhang Yi's strategies of continuous diplomacy and distant diplomacy and close attack to combine the six He defeated each country, annexed the territories of the six countries, unified the world (China) and called himself Qin Shihuang. It is a pity that he did not practice benevolent government and was tyrannical and unethical. When the second generation Hu Hai passed on, he was overthrown by the anti-riot troops Xiang Yu and Liu Bang. King Xiang Yu of Chu and King Liu Bang of Han fought against each other. The two armies fought for more than 70 rounds. In the end, Xiang Yu was defeated and committed suicide, and the world became unified again.
Gao Zuxing, Han Yejian to Xiaoping, Wang Mang (mǎng) usurped (cuàn)
Translation: Han Gaozu defeated Xiang Yu and established the Han Dynasty. The throne of the Han Dynasty lasted for more than two hundred years. During the reign of Emperor Xiaoping, the throne was usurped by his relative Wang Mang. After Wang Mang usurped the Han Dynasty, he changed the name of the country to Xin.
Guangwu Xing was finally dedicated to the Eastern Han Dynasty for four hundred years
The translation is that Liu Xiu overthrew Wang Mang and restored the country's name to Han. It was called Emperor Guangwu of the Eastern Han Dynasty in history and established his capital in Luoyang. The Han Dynasty included the Western Han Dynasty and The Eastern Han Dynasty lasted for more than 400 years. When Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty was established, he was deposed by Cao Pi, the son of Cao Cao.
Wei, Shu and Wu vie for the name Han Ding (dǐng) Three Kingdoms to the Two Jin Dynasties
Translation At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Wei, Shu and Wu competed for the world, forming a situation where the Three Kingdoms competed. Later, Wei destroyed Shu and Wu, but was usurped by Sima Yi (yì) and established the Jin Dynasty. Jin was divided into two periods: the Eastern Jin Dynasty and the Western Jin Dynasty.
Song Qi succeeded Liang Chencheng to Jinling, the capital of the Southern Dynasty
Translation: After the Jin Dynasty royal family moved south, it soon declined, and the Southern and Northern Dynasties era followed. The Southern Dynasties included Song, Qi, Liang, and Chen, and their capital was built in Jinling (now Nanjing).
The Northern Yuan Dynasty and the Wei Dynasty were divided into East and West Yuwen Zhouxing Gaoqi
Translation After Tuoba Gui (guī) of the Northern Dynasties established the Northern Wei Dynasty, he paid attention to rituals, music and education, and implemented the policy of Sinicization, changing his surname to Yuan Therefore, it is called Yuan and Wei, which is quite famous in history. By the time of Emperor Xiaowu, it was divided into the Eastern and Western Wei. Soon, Yu Wenzhou usurped the Western Wei and established the Northern Zhou Dynasty, and Gao Yang usurped the Eastern Wei and established the Northern Qi.
Up to the Sui Dynasty, one earth is no longer passed down and the tradition is lost.
The translation did not end the Northern and Southern Dynasties until Yang Jian established the Sui Dynasty, and unified the world (China), that is, Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty. Emperor Wen was well aware of the sufferings of the people and was diligent and thrifty throughout his life. However, it was a pity that he did not know people well, so he appointed his second son Yang Guang as the prince instead, sowing the seeds of disaster. Yang Guang, the Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty, was dissolute and immoral, self-willed and fond of great achievements. The result of successive conquests was , the world was in chaos and the people were in dire straits, which aroused denunciation from all sides. It was only passed down for one generation, and the Sui Dynasty perished in only thirty-eight years.
Tang Gaozu rebelled against the Sui Dynasty and established the foundation of the country
Translation Tang Gaozu Li Yuan raised troops to rebel against the Sui Dynasty, and finally the Sui Dynasty was destroyed. He defeated all the anti-Sui rebel armies and won the world , established the foundation of the Tang Dynasty for 289 years.
Twenty Biography Three Hundred Years Liang was destroyed and the country changed
Translation The Tang Dynasty ruled for nearly three hundred years, and there were twenty emperors in total. When Emperor Ai of the Tang Dynasty was usurped by Zhu Quanzhong and established the Liang Dynasty, the Tang Dynasty perished. To distinguish it from the Liang Dynasty in the Northern and Southern Dynasties, it was historically called the Later Liang Dynasty.
The Liang, Tang, Jin and Han and Zhou dynasties are called the Five Dynasties.
In the translation, in order to distinguish it from the previous dynasties, the word "after" is added. The replacement period of the Later Liang, Later Tang, Later Jin, Later Han and Later Wu dynasties is called the Five Dynasties in history. The lives of the Five Dynasties were very short, and there were reasons for their rise and fall.
The Yan Song Dynasty flourished, accepted Zhou Zen, Eighteen Biographies, and the Northern and Southern Mixtures
Translation Zhao Kuangyin accepted the throne that Emperor Gong of the Later Zhou Dynasty "abdicated" (actually forcing Emperor Gong to abdicate) and established the Song Dynasty. According to legend, after the Song Dynasty had eighteen emperors, ethnic minorities from the north moved south to invade, resulting in a melee between the north and the south.
Both Liao and Jin were called emperors, and the Yuan Dynasty destroyed the Jin Dynasty and eliminated the Song Dynasty
Translation: The Liao people, Jin people, and Mongols in the north all established countries and called themselves emperors, and finally the Mongols were destroyed The Jin Dynasty and the Song Dynasty established the Yuan Dynasty and unified China again.
The territory of the Yuan Dynasty was very vast, and the territory it ruled exceeded every previous dynasty. However, due to factors such as racial discrimination, religious persecution, and high-pressure policies (emphasis on force over civil rule), it only lasted 90 years before it was overthrown by Zhu Yuanzhang.
Taizu Xingguo and the Ming Dynasty were named Hongwu Capital Jinling
Translation At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, Ming Taizu Zhu Yuanzhang rebelled, and finally overthrew the rule of the Yuan Dynasty, unified the country, and established the Ming Dynasty. He became the emperor himself, named Hongwu established his capital in Jinling (now Nanjing).
When Chengzu of the Ming Dynasty moved the capital to Yanjing (Beijing) for the 16th generation, it was passed down to Chongzhen. It was over when he was the emperor.
Quan eunuch (yān) si (sì) Kou Rulin Li Chuang came out to burn the artifact
Translation: At the end of the Civilization Dynasty, the eunuchs took over the power and the world was in chaos. The people revolted one after another, led by Li Zi, the king of Chuang. The rebel army captured Beijing, and Chongzhen, seeing that the situation was over, hanged himself in Meishan, ending the 277-year history of the Ming Dynasty.
Ying (yīng), the ancestor of the Qing Dynasty, ordered Jing Sifang to defeat Dading
Translation After the Qing army entered the customs, Emperor Shunzhi, the ancestor of the Qing Dynasty, ascended the throne in Beijing and calmed down the chaos in various places , to restore peace to the world.
Praised by Kang, Yongli, Qian and Jiamin for their achievements in peace and prosperity
Translation: The first emperor of the Qing Dynasty, who later passed the throne to Kangxi. Yongzheng went through Qianlong and Jiaqing, and the country became prosperous and strong for more than a hundred years. , people's life is stable and prosperous, all due to political clarity and good governance performance. Foreign rule can pay equal attention to civil and military affairs, which is really worthy of praise.
The Dao-Xian Dynasty Rebellion began, and the British and French disturbed the capital
Translation: During the Daoguang and Xianfeng years, the country gradually weakened, and internal and external troubles arose one after another. The internal strife was the rise of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, and the foreign aggression was caused by the British and French The state often harassed and invaded for trade issues. After the death of Emperor Xianfeng, the Empress Dowager Cixi came to power. Her political ethics were ruined. In addition, she was incompetent and arbitrary. She favored the eunuchs and listened to the slander of villains. The government was in chaos, which was the cause of the fall of the Qing Dynasty.
Tongguang Hou Xuantong Weakly Passed on the Nine Emperors of Manchu and Qing Dynasty (mò)
Translation After Tongzhi Emperor Guangxu, due to the invasion of foreign powers, the Qing government was incompetent, suffered repeated defeats, and frequently ceded territory. The compensation was passed to the ninth emperor to declare unification, and the country was even more weak. The founding father, Mr. Sun Yat-sen, organized a revolution to save the nation. He led the revolutionary martyrs to shed their blood and overthrow the Manchu Qing Dynasty and establish the Republic of China.
The revolution established and abolished the monarchy, established the constitution and established the Republic of China
Translation The Revolution of 1911 led by Sun Yat-sen overthrew the rule of the Qing government, abolished the monarchy, established the constitution, and established the government of the Republic of China. Sun Yat-sen served as interim president.
The history of ancient and modern times is all here to control chaos and know the rise and fall.
Translation The history that has happened throughout the past and present, from the Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors to the Qing Dynasty, there are twenty-five dynasties, all are here. From the process of governing chaos in various dynasties, we can understand the reasons for the rise and fall. We should remember the lessons of history so as not to repeat the same mistakes.
Although history is complex, there are times to read it. Historical Records 1 Hanshu 2
Although there are many translated history books, you still need to follow the order when studying them to understand the truth. First of all, read "Historical Records" and then "Hanshu".
The Three Kingdoms of the Later Han Dynasty, the Four Chronicles, and the Zhengjing Shen Tongjian
The third translation is "The Book of the Later Han", and the fourth reading is "The Chronicles of the Three Kingdoms". These four books are known as the "Four Histories".
The content is the most essential and correct, and at the same time, we need to seek confirmation from other scriptures?/ca>