"Nine Songs" is the title of "Songs of the South", which was originally the name of an ancient song in China's myths and legends. Qu Yuan, a Chu native in the Warring States Period, made it on the basis of folk songs of offering sacrifices to gods in Chu, and created a large number of images of gods in the poem, most of which were people and gods in love with songs. Nine Songs * * * Eleven articles: Emperor Taiyi, Jun in the Cloud, Xiang Jun, Mrs. Xiang, Priestess of Death, Shaosi Ming, Dong Jun, Hebo, Shan Gui, National Mourning and Ritual Soul.
most of the chapters describe the attachment between gods, showing the deep sadness of missing or wanting nothing; The article "National Mourning" is to mourn and praise the soldiers who died for Chu. Wang Yi believes that Qu Yuan did it when he was exiled to the south of the Yangtze River. At that time, Qu Yuan was "worried and bitter, and worried", so he made music songs to worship the gods to express his thoughts and feelings. However, modern researchers think that it was made before exile, only for sacrificial purposes.
Nine Songs is a group of poems, and there are 11 poems in * * *:
East Emperor Taiyi: God of Heaven
King in the Cloud: Cloud God
Xiang Jun, Mrs. Xiang: God of Xiang Water
Priestess of Death: God in charge of longevity
.
For example, in Qing Dynasty, Jiang Ji's Notes on Songs of Chu in the Mountain Belt Pavilion advocated that Xiang Jun and Mrs. Xiang should be combined into one chapter, while Priestess of Death and Shao Siming should be combined into one chapter.
Wen Yiduo's "What is Nine Songs" advocates that "East Emperor Taiyi" is a sacred song, "Ritual Soul" is a sacred song, and the middle nine chapters are the text of "Nine Songs".
However, most people take "nine" as an imaginary number, and agree with Wang Yuan's Collection of Songs of the South and Wang Fuzhi's Interpretation of Songs of the South. They think that the first ten chapters are dedicated to ten kinds of gods, which are closely related to the struggle for production and the competition for survival from the origin of ancient human religious thoughts.
Ten kinds of gods can be divided into three types: ① Gods ── Emperor Taiyi (the noblest of gods), Jun in the cloud (the cloud god), Priestess of Death (the god who lives long), Shao Siming (the god who leads children) and Dongjun (the sun god); (2) the earth gods ── Xiang Jun and Mrs. Xiang (the water god of Xiang), Hebo (the river god) and Shan Gui (the mountain god); (3) ghosts ── national mourning (the soul of the fallen soldiers).
Some people think that among the above ten kinds of gods, "Emperor Taiyi" at the beginning of the article is the supreme, and "national mourning" at the end of the article is a martyr, all of whom are male; The rest are the couple of yin and yang, namely Dongjun (male) and YunZhongjun (female), Priestess of Death (male) and ShaoSiming (female), Xiangjun (male) and Xiangfuren (female), Hebo (male) and Shan Gui (female). The original articles of "Nine Songs" are basically arranged according to the above-mentioned relationship, but this edition of "Dongjun" falls by mistake (Wen Yiduo's "Revision of Chu Ci").
About the author:
Qu Yuan (about 34 BC-278 BC), whose name is Ping, was originally from the State of Chu during the Warring States Period, and was a Zuotu and Taifu of San Lv. "Songs of Chu" collects the poems of Qu Yuan, Song Yu in the Warring States Period and Jia Yi in the Han Dynasty, compiles Liu Xiang in the Western Han Dynasty, and makes chapters and sentences by Wang Yi in the Eastern Han Dynasty (an analysis and explanation of ancient books). These poems use Chu's poetic form and dialect rhyme to describe Chu's local customs, which have a strong local color, so they are named Chu Ci. Later generations therefore called this poetic style "Chu Ci Style" or "Sao Style".