Yo yo, the deer roars, eating apples in the wild. I have guests who play the harp and sheng. Playing the sheng, drums and reeds, carrying the basket is the general. People who are kind to me show me how to behave. Yo yo, the deer roars, eating the wild wormwood. I have a guest, Deyin Kong Zhao. If a gentleman treats the people with disdain, he will be effective. I have a banquet, and the guests are Yan Yiao. Yo yo, the deer roars, eating wild herbs. I have a guest who plays the harp, harp, drums and harp. The drums, harps, drums and harps are harmonious and exquisite. I intend to drink wine with the intention of enjoying the guests. ——Pre-Qin Dynasty·Anonymous "Xiaoya·Lu Ming" Xiaoya·Lu Ming Yo Yo Lu Ming, eating apples in the wild. I have guests who play the harp and sheng. Playing the sheng, drums and reeds, carrying the basket is the general. People who are kind to me show me how to behave.
The deer roars, eating the wild wormwood. I have a guest, Deyin Kong Zhao. If a gentleman treats the people with disdain, he will be effective. I have a banquet, and the guests are Yan Yiao.
The deer roars, eating wild herbs. I have a guest who plays the harp, harp, drums and harp. The drums, harps, drums and harps are harmonious and exquisite. I intend to drink wine with the intention of enjoying the guests. The Banquet of the Book of Songs Translation and Commentary
Translation
A group of deer were barking and eating mugwort in the wilderness. I have a group of good guests who play the piano, the sheng, and the music. Playing the reed of the sheng pipe, holding a basket and offering gifts thoughtfully. People are so kind to me and follow my instructions.
A group of deer were chirping and eating wormwood in the wilderness. I have a group of good guests with noble and distinguished moral character. Setting an example to others is not frivolous, and gentlemen and wise men will imitate him one after another. I have fine wine that is fragrant and mellow, and I entertain guests at banquets and have fun.
A group of deer were chirping and eating bald grass in the wilderness. I have a group of good guests who play the harp and the harp and play the tunes. Play the harp and the harp and play the tunes, having fun and laughing together. I have fine wine that is fragrant and mellow, and I entertain guests with great joy. Appreciation
"Xiaoya Lu Ming" is one of the "Four Beginnings" poems in The Book of Songs. It is a song sung by the ancients at banquets. According to Zhu Xi's "Collected Poems", this poem was originally sung by the king when he entertained his ministers. Later, it was gradually popularized among the people and could also be sung at banquets by the villagers. Zhu Xi's speculation should be consistent with the facts. It was not until the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty that Cao Cao quoted the first four lines of the first chapter of this poem in "Dan Ge Xing", expressing his desire for talents, which shows that this poem still has certain popularity after more than a thousand years. Influence.
The poem has three chapters, each with eight lines, all beginning with the sound of deer crowing. In the open wilderness, a group of elk ate wild grass leisurely, making chirping sounds from time to time, one after another, very harmonious and sweet. The poem starts with this, creating a warm and harmonious atmosphere. If it is a banquet between monarchs and ministers, the already existing reserved and tense relationship will immediately relax. Therefore, "The Biography of Poems" says: "The distinction between monarch and ministers is based on strictness; the etiquette of the court is based on respect. However, when it comes to strict respect, the emotions may not be understood, and the benefits of advice cannot be fulfilled. Therefore, the former king The food and drink gatherings are organized as Yan feast rituals to connect the upper and lower levels; and the music and songs are based on the sound of deer." That is to say, the relationship between monarchs and ministers is limited to a certain number of etiquette, and the hierarchy is strict, forming an ideological gap. Through banquets, emotions can be communicated and the king can hear the inner thoughts of his ministers. The sound of deer singing set a harmonious and joyful tone from the beginning, giving the guests a strong infection.
This poem is filled with a cheerful atmosphere from beginning to end. It brings readers from the artistic conception of "Yo yo deer roaring" to the musical accompaniment of "drums, harps and shengs". "The Biography of Poems" says: "The Sheng is the music used in Yan Li." According to the etiquette at that time, music must be played during the entire banquet. "Book of Rites: The Righteousness of Drinking in the Countryside" says: "When the workers enter the Sheng Festival, the master will present it. When the Sheng Group enters the third stage, the master will present it. When the Sheng Group enters the third stage, the Master will present it. When the Worker enters the stage, the Master will present it. When the Worker enters the stage, he will be happy and ready, and then go out.… …Knowing that it can be harmonious and enjoyable without being sluggish.” According to Chen Hao’s note, Musicians Shengtang sang “Lu Ming,” “Four Mu,” and “Huang Huang Zhe Hua,” each ending in three chapters. Then the master can offer his work at his discretion." It can be seen from this that the above three poems were sung throughout the banquet, and "Lu Ming" was accompanied by sheng music, so the poem goes "drums, harp and blowing sheng". Although the music score has long been lost, judging from the language of the poem, the three chapters of this poem are full of cheerful rhythm and pleasant rhythm. Compared with Cao Cao's "Dan Ge Xing", Cao Cao's poem begins with a sigh that "life is short", and the latter part There is the sadness of "sorrow comes from it and cannot be cut off", but only the four lines of "Deer Ming" quoted in the middle seem happy and comfortable. It can be seen that the author of "The Book of Songs" has not as profound understanding of life as Cao Cao. Perhaps because this is a piece of feasting music, it is not allowed to be mixed with a little mournful sound. Creation background
In response to different views in history, Deng Qinghong conducted research on the theme and the time when the poem was written, and believed that the poem "Xiaoya Luming" was written in the era of King Xuan in the middle and late Western Zhou Dynasty, so it should be A beautiful poem that emphasizes "hierarchy and clan unity". This poem is a description of the harmonious and grand occasion of the king and his "officials and guests". Bianbi Yusi returns to Fei Titi. All the people are in need of food, and I am alone in suffering. Why do you blame God? What is my crime? My heart is worried, what's going on? Walking around the Zhou Road, the grass is lush. My heart is sad and I am worried. Fake sleep and sigh forever, maintain worry and use old age. The heart is worried, and the disease is like a sick head. Wei Sang and Zi must stop respectfully. Look closely at your father, and rely on your mother. Not Mao? Don't you suffer from it? Heaven gave birth to me, where am I? The willows are growing tall, and the chirps are singing, and there are rivers and valleys, and the grass and reeds are weeping. Just like that boat, I don't know where I'm going, and my heart is worried, so I can't help but fall asleep. The running of deer and Si is the trick of Wei Zu. When the pheasant comes to court, it still seeks its female. For example, a broken tree has no branches. The heart is worried, would you rather not know? If you throw a rabbit at each other, you may be the first to do so. If there is a dead person on the road, you may still pay homage to him. A gentleman has his heart and maintains his tolerance. The heart is worried, and the tears fall away.
A gentleman believes in slander and pays it back if possible. If a gentleman is unfavorable, he will be punished if he is unhappy. The trees are cut down, and the fuel is analyzed. It's a crime to leave him alone, so I'll give him to Tuo. Don't go high up the bandit mountain, don't dredge up the bandit spring. A gentleman has no easy words, his ears belong to the wall. If there is no passing away, my beam will be gone; if there is no hair, my beam will be gone. I won't read it, let alone my queen. ——Pre-Qin Dynasty·Anonymous "Xiao Bian"
Xiao Bian
Pre-Qin Dynasty: Anonymous
Bianbi Yusi, return to Feidi. All the people are in need of food, and I am alone in suffering. Why do you blame God? What is my crime? My heart is worried, what's going on?
Walking around the Zhou Road, the grass is lush. My heart is sad and I am worried. Fake sleep and sigh forever, maintain worry and use old age. The heart is worried, and the disease is like a sick head.
Wei Sang and Zi must stop respectfully. Look at the bandit's father, and rely on the bandit's mother. Not Mao? Don't you suffer from it? Heaven gave birth to me, where am I?
Bianbi Yusi returns to Fei Titi. All the people are in need of food, and I am alone in suffering. Why do you blame God? What is my crime? My heart is worried, what's going on?
Walking around the Zhou Road, the grass is lush. My heart is sad and I am worried. Fake sleep and sigh forever, maintain worry and use old age. The heart is worried, and the disease is like a sick head.
Wei Sang and Zi must stop respectfully. Look at the bandit's father, and rely on the bandit's mother. Not Mao? Don't you suffer from it? Heaven gave birth to me, where am I?
The willow trees are growing taller and the willows are singing. Just like that boat, I don't know where I'm going, my heart is worried, and I can't help but fall asleep.
The running of deer and Si is the trick of Weizu. When the pheasant comes to court, it still seeks its female. For example, a broken tree has no branches. The heart is worried, would you rather not know?
If you throw a rabbit at each other, you may come first. If there is a dead person on the road, you may still pay homage to him. A gentleman has his heart and maintains his tolerance. The heart is worried, and the tears fall away.
If a gentleman believes in slander, he will reward it if he can. If a gentleman is unfavorable, he will be punished if he is unhappy. The trees are cut down, and the fuel is analyzed. It's a crime to leave him alone, so I'll give him to Tuo.
Mo Gao Bandit Mountain, Mo Jun Bandit Spring. A gentleman has no easy words, his ears belong to the wall. If there is no passing away, my beam will be gone; if there is no hair, my beam will be gone. I won't read it, let alone my queen. ▲ The Book of Songs, Sorrow: My chariot is attacking, and my horse is fighting with me. The four pups are pangpang, driving to the east. The fields and carts are good, but the fields are empty. There is grass in the east, and you can hunt by words and deeds. His son Yu Miao chose his disciples to make noise. Build the gates and set up gates to fight the beasts in Ao. Driving the other four males, the four females are full of joy. The red fu and the golden fu are in harmony and interpretation. The decision is made, and the bow and arrow are adjusted. Since the shooting husband agrees, help me lift the firewood. The four yellows are driving, and the two horses are not riding. Without losing its momentum, the arrow is as broken as a broken arrow. Xiaoxiao, Ma Ming, and long and long. The apprentice is not surprised, and the big shop is not full. When his son was in the war, he was heard but not heard. If you allow it, a gentleman will achieve great success. ——Pre-Qin Dynasty·Anonymous "Chariot Attack"
Chariot Attack
Pre-Qin Dynasty: Anonymous
When my chariot attacks, my horse also attacks. The four pups are pangpang, driving to the east.
The fields and carts are both good and the fields are empty. There is grass in the east, and you can hunt by words and deeds.
His son is Yu Miao, and he chooses his disciples to make noise. Build the gates and set up gates to fight the beasts in Ao.
Driving the other four horses, the four horses are full of energy. The red fu and the golden fu are in harmony and interpretation.
The decision is made and the bow and arrow are adjusted. Since the shooting husband agrees, help me lift the firewood.
The four yellows are driving, and the two are not riding. Don't lose your gallop, let go of your arrow
My chariot is attacking, my horse is with me. The four pups are pangpang, driving to the east.
The fields and carts are both good and the fields are empty. There is grass in the east, and you can hunt by words and deeds.
His son is Yu Miao, and he chooses his disciples to make noise. Build the gates and set up gates to fight the beasts in Ao.
Driving the other four horses, the four horses are full of energy. The red fu and the golden fu are in harmony and interpretation.
The decision is made and the bow and arrow are adjusted. Since the shooting husband agrees, help me lift the firewood.
The four yellows are driving, and the two are not riding. Without losing its momentum, the arrow is as broken as a broken arrow.
Xiaoxiao, Ma Ming, and long and long. The apprentice is not surprised, and the big shop is not full.
His son was in Zheng, heard but not heard. If you allow it, a gentleman will achieve great success. ▲ The Book of Songs, Hunting There is a platform in the south mountain and a rai in the north mountain. Joy is only a gentleman's, the foundation of a country. A happy gentleman will live forever. There are mulberries in the southern mountains and poplars in the northern mountains. A happy gentleman is the light of the country. A happy gentleman will live forever. There are qi in the southern mountains and plums in the northern mountains. Le is only a gentleman, the father and mother of the people. Only a gentleman can enjoy music and have endless virtue. There are castanopsis in the southern mountains and 杻 in the northern mountains. A gentleman is only happy, but he has no eyebrows or longevity. Music is only for a gentleman, and virtue and sound are luxuriant. There are wolfberries in the southern mountains and 楥 in the northern mountains. He is a gentleman who is happy, but he is not a yellow coward. Happy to be a gentleman, to protect the Queen. ——Pre-Qin · Anonymous "There is a platform in Nanshan"
There is a platform in Nanshan
Pre-Qin: Anonymous
There is a platform in Nanshan and a terrace in Beishan. Joy is only a gentleman's, the foundation of a country. A happy gentleman will live forever.
There are mulberries in the southern mountains and poplars in the northern mountains. A happy gentleman is the light of the country. A happy gentleman will live forever.
There are qi in the southern mountains and plums in the northern mountains. Le is only a gentleman, the father and mother of the people. Only a gentleman can enjoy music and have endless virtue.
There are castanopsis in the southern mountains and 杻 in the northern mountains. A gentleman is only happy, but he has no eyebrows or longevity. Music is only for a gentleman, and virtue and sound are luxuriant.
Nanshan has the Book of Songs and blessing songs