Selected from "The Scream" (Volume 1 of "The Complete Works of Lu Xun", People's Literature Publishing House, 1981 edition). According to the "Postscript" written by Lu Xun on March 26, 1919, this article was written in the winter of 1918.
Introduction to Lu Xun
Lu Xun (September 25, 1881 - October 19, 1936), whose original name was Zhou Zhangshou, was later renamed Zhou Shuren, with the courtesy name Hencai and a native of Shaoxing, Zhejiang. Famous modern Chinese proletarian writer, thinker, revolutionist, political commentator, and important leader of the New Culture Movement. He is known as "Wen Si Ge" (a great writer, thinker and revolutionary). Representative works: novel collection "Scream", "Wandering", etc., prose collection "Morning Blossoms Picked Up at Dusk", prose poetry collection "Weeds", essay collection "Huagai Collection", "Just Collection", "Grave", etc.
Lu Xun was born on the third day of August in the seventh year of Guangxu (September 25, 1881) in Dongchangfangkou, Huiji County, Shaoxing Prefecture, Zhejiang Province (now Shaoxing City), and his ancestral home is Runan County, Henan Province. In his youth, he was influenced by Darwin's theory of evolution and Tolstoy's philanthropic thoughts. In 1898, he changed his name to Zhou Shuren, with the courtesy name Hencai. In 1902, he went to Japan to study at public expense. He originally studied medicine at Sendai Medical College and had the ideal to use his own hands to treat diseases and save people. Later, due to the war, he changed his career as a writer and engaged in literary and artistic work, hoping to change the national spirit (see the preface to "The Scream"). From 1905 to 1907, he participated in the activities of the revolutionary party and published papers such as "On the Power of Moro Poetry" and "On Cultural Partiality". During this period, he returned to China and married his wife Zhu An at the order of his mother. In 1909, together with his brother Zhou Zuoren, he co-translated "Collection of Foreign Novels" to introduce foreign literature. In the same year, he returned from Japan and served as a psychology and chemistry teacher at the then second-level normal school (now Hangzhou Senior High School), as well as a Japanese teaching assistant. His lectures and the "Lecture Notes on Physiology" he compiled were very popular among students. In the winter of the same year, he participated in the Battle of Papaya. In 1918, he published the vernacular novel "Diary of a Madman" for the first time under the pen name of Lu Xun, which became a model of new literature. In 1927, he married Ms. Xu Guangping and gave birth to a son named Zhou Haiying. Have 3 nieces. Died of illness in Shanghai on October 19, 1936. His works are included in "The Complete Works of Lu Xun", his works and "Collected Letters of Lu Xun", and he has reprinted various ancient books compiled by Lu Xun. Later, "The Complete Works of Lu Xun" (*** Volume 16) was published in 1981. In 2005, "The Complete Works of Lu Xun" (***18 volumes) was published. His works are mainly novels and essays. Among the novels, "Blessing", "The True Story of Ah Q", and "Diary of a Madman" are relatively well-known. Dozens of Lu Xun's novels, essays, poems, and essays have been selected into Chinese textbooks for middle and primary schools. His novels "Blessing", "The True Story of Ah Q", and "Medicine" have been adapted into movies. Lu Xun museums and memorial halls have been established in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Xiamen and other places. At the same time, his works have been translated into more than 50 languages ??including English, Japanese, Russian, Spanish, French and German, and have a large number of readers around the world.
Lu Xun used his pen instead of fighting, worked hard with his pen, and fought all his life. He was known as the "soul of the nation." Mao Zedong evaluated him as a great writer, thinker and revolutionary, and the leader of the Chinese Cultural Revolution. "With cold brows and cold eyes, he bows his head and is willing to be a bully" is a portrayal of Mr. Lu Xun's life.