In the Ming Dynasty, the Japanese pirates raged in Zhejiang and Fujian.
The Netherlands occupied Taiwan Province province.
Portugal occupied Macao.
British occupation of Hong Kong
Around the First Opium War 1840
1856 the second opium war
1894 Sino-Japanese War of 1894
1900 G8
There were still many horrible treaties of ceding land for compensation in the late Qing Dynasty.
193 1 September 18, the September 18th Incident, China lost three northeastern provinces.
July 7th 1938, July 7th Incident, full-scale Japanese invasion.
1In the winter of 950, the United States led the so-called United Nations forces to bomb some towns on the north bank of the Yalu River.
There seems to have been a Sino-Indian war in the 1960s, but due to historical reasons, this history is unknown.
In the 1980 s, China and Vietnam fought back in self-defense. As mentioned above, there was little information.
The humiliation suffered by China in recent 150 years is quite painful. We must understand and face up to this period of history and strive for the re-emergence of China!
Comparing the two lessons of "Sino-British Opium War" and "Second Opium War", we can see that the second Opium War is essentially a continuation of the Sino-British Opium War and a part of the history of capitalist powers' aggression and plunder of the Chinese nation.
Both wars were rooted in the invasion and expansion of the so-called western civilized countries. For the first time, Britain urgently needs to seize the commodity sales market and raw material production area in order to obtain the privilege of buying cheap and selling expensive; The second time, Britain, France, the United States and other countries wanted to further open the China market, expand the rights and interests of aggression and legalize it. The so-called fuse of war is just an excuse to wage war. On this basis, the essential problems reflected by this specific historical phenomenon can be clarified. The excuse of the first Opium War was China's anti-smoking campaign, and the excuse of the second Opium War was "Yarrow Incident" and "Father Ma Incident". Imagine, if there were no anti-smoking campaign and two incidents, would they give up? No, they will still find another excuse to start a war. Because they have chosen China as the target of their aggression, they have been planning for a long time, and war will break out sooner or later. As the saying goes: if you want to add a crime, why not stop it?
In these two anti-aggression wars, we try to compare the attitudes of the Qing government, patriotic officers and soldiers and the people of China. It is not difficult to see that the Qing government humiliated the country and the people were brave and unyielding. For example, during the First Opium War, in the Qing government, Daoguang was so scared that he sent Qi Shan to Guangzhou to negotiate with the British army. Qishan compromised, Yi Shan surrendered, and Niu Jian escaped. Later, he signed the humiliating Sino-British treaty of nanking, Sino-American Wang Xia Treaty and Sino-French Huangpu Treaty. Patriotic officers and soldiers and the broad masses of the people: Sanyuanli people fought against Britain, and Guan Tianpei, Ge and Chen Huacheng died heroically. During the Second Opium War, the Qing government did not seriously prepare for the war, and completely hoped for "mediation" between Russia and the United States. The British and French allied forces captured Tianjin, and Emperor Xianfeng fled to chengde mountain resort, and finally signed the Tianjin Treaty, the Beijing Treaty and the Aihui Treaty. In contrast, tens of thousands of people in Nanhai and Panyu counties set up Yong Lian Bureau to resist aggression; The soldiers defending Dagubao opened fire on the invaders, and Dagu people braved the bullets to send cakes and noodles to the soldiers.
A comparative analysis of the Tianjin Treaty, the Beijing Treaty and the treaty of nanking can further understand the robber faces of the great powers and the corruption and incompetence of the Qing government in making concessions step by step.
Before the Tianjin Treaty was signed, foreign countries and the Qing government handled foreign affairs, and the governors of Guangdong and Guangxi came forward. After the signing, the foreign minister directly controlled the Qing government and interfered in China's internal affairs. The Qing dynasty began to gradually transform into a puppet regime and became a tool for the great powers to suppress the people's revolution. The "five-port trade" stipulated in the treaty of nanking is limited to the southeast coastal areas, while the "ten-port trade" stipulated in the Tianjin Treaty goes to Yingkou in the north, Qiongzhou in Hainan Island in the south, and also goes deep into China-Hankou in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. It shows that the western powers have gradually annexed China. The second Opium War expanded the rights and interests of aggression plundered in the first Opium War, legalized opium imports and achieved the purpose of further opening up the China market. Foreign ships can sail freely in the Yangtze River port, giving the invaders the right to sail in inland rivers. The privileges of the invaders are escalating, which is not found in treaty of nanking. The treaty of nanking ceded Hong Kong Island to Britain, and the Beijing Treaty ceded Kowloon. These facts prove that the first opium war was the beginning of the second opium war, and the second opium war was the continuation of the first opium war. Its * * * nature is the foreign aggression and expansion of capitalist powers, and the corruption and incompetence of the Qing government caused national humiliation and disaster.
Students, we are the future of our motherland and nation, and we were born in a great era. Students, work hard, and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation will be realized in our hands. Motherland, mother! Please believe that we will live up to the great trust of history, and the new China Symphony will play a more splendid movement in our hands!
Sixty years ago 10/day, in the east of Asia, an ancient and mysterious country woke up in the solemn voice of her new generation of leaders. What an inspiring event! Her birth changed the world, improved the status of China people and attracted worldwide attention. This is an epoch-making event. Since then, under the leadership of the China * * * Production Party, the people of China have made progress towards success and prosperity step by step. China, an ancient country, will also shine brilliantly under the leadership of China's * * * production party. This year marks the 60th anniversary of the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC). Over the past 60 years, earth-shaking changes have taken place in China, and there have been those epic heroes. Let's approach her together and listen to her extraordinary and little-known experience.
First of all, let's start with the beautiful and spectacular natural landscape in China! On the territory of the motherland, famous mountains and rivers abound. We have the majestic Himalayas and Mount Everest, the top of the world. We have scenic Huangshan and Lushan Mountain, graceful Wushan Mountain, beautiful Suzhou-Hangzhou West Lake, Guilin landscape, the famous Buddhist mountain Putuo Mountain and the famous Taoist mountain Wudang Mountain Geopark Songshan Mountain. It can be said that these scenic spots are as bright as the motherland. In the process of opening to the outside world, the mountains and rivers of the motherland show the unique charm of China and China's friendly feelings towards the world to the world. China extends a hand of friendship to the world in her unique way, sincerely welcomes people from all over the world to visit, and is willing to develop friendly relations with all countries that wish to be friendly with China. While developing tourism, China attaches great importance to ecological protection, and has successively established nature reserves, which not only protect the natural ecological environment, but also protect the rare.
In 2008, China successfully hosted the Olympic and Paralympic Games, which was the first time in China. China athletes struggled hard on the field, realized their first gold medal dream, and achieved the honor of being a sports power in China. China athletes not only won the honor for themselves, but also won the honor for the country, and did their best for the sports cause of the motherland, once again demonstrating China's comprehensive national strength.
In the great motherland, extraordinary experiences and stories are staged every day. We firmly believe that under the leadership of the * * * Production Party of China, our socialist cause will surely achieve more brilliant achievements. Let's pay high tribute to our great party.
Experienced wind, frost, rain, snow, hardships and hardships, our motherland is struggling to move forward step by step in the long river of years. It was not until 1949 that she broke free and straightened her chest. Our motherland has made great strides to win today's happy life. The motherland has celebrated its 60th anniversary.