This poem is both true and empty, hazy and trance. "I" seems to be full of worries and infinite worries, but I don't want to make it clear or say it. "I" seems to be looking forward to something and pursuing something, but the goal of looking forward to and pursuing seems so distant and slim. "She" appeared, maybe it was an illusion, or it could be true, but "she" appeared so quickly and passed away so quickly, flashed by and disappeared in front of her eyes, "as sad and confused as a dream". "I" only feel sorry for myself and feel sorry for myself. The "girl" in the poem can be regarded as a real reference, a beautiful, noble and melancholy girl that the poet has been waiting for for a long time. But we can also regard this "girl" as a hazy ideal and pursuit in the poet's heart, which represents the poet's hazy vision for the future when his life is depressed.
The poem begins with "Walking alone in a long, lonely rain lane with an oil-paper umbrella". I hope to meet a lilac with sadness and resentment. "
Girl. "This is a scene in an alley in Jiangnan during the rainy season. In the drizzle, "I" walked alone in a long remote alley with a lonely and melancholy mood and a faint hope. "I hope to meet a girl like lilac/with sadness." It is pointed out at the beginning of the poem that the main purpose of the poem is to express the "hope" pursued by the poet. The "rain lane" shrouded in drizzle is "very long, very long", with no end, implying no hope. "Loneliness" and "loneliness" imply that the poet's bosom friend is hard to find, and he is lonely and hesitant. What is hope? I hope it's the "lilac-like girl with a sad heart". So, who is this "girl"? What kind of sadness does the poet have in his mind? Is this the poet's pursuit of the ideal of life? Is this the poet's longing for love? Maybe both, maybe none. Then, let's follow the poet's footsteps, in the rain lane, hide aside and peep quietly.
Section 2: "She has the same color, fragrance and sadness as cloves, and she is sad in the rain, sad and hesitant." The poet repeatedly compared lilacs to girls. Lilac is a common image in China's classical poems. In China's ancient poems, there are many famous lines that sing about lilacs: "Lilacs fall in the rain and worry about nothing", "Lilacs are weak and messy, and the branches are about to fall", "Bananas don't show lilacs, so they are worried about the spring breeze" and so on. Lilacs bloom in mid-spring, and poets often hurt spring when facing lilacs, saying lilacs are troubles. Lilacs are white or purple, and the color is not frivolous, so they often win the favor of poets who lead an honest and clean life. In a word, clove is a trinity symbol of beauty, nobility and sadness. The lilac-like girl described by the poet is as beautiful as lilac in appearance, elegant and holy in personality and melancholy in mood. What is she worried about? Is it a sad and ungrateful husband or a husband who wants to be satisfied? Maybe, maybe not. Her sadness is like her appearance, like her heart, elegant and holy, beautiful and moving.
In the third season, "she wandered in this lonely rainy lane, holding an oil-paper umbrella like me, and being as sad, indifferent, sad and melancholy as me." This lilac-like girl, in the long-term expectation of "I", finally came. She is "like me, like me". After reading these, we suddenly realized that this lilac girl is "me" and "I" is this lilac girl. I am beautiful as a girl, noble as a girl, and sad as a girl. His heart is my heart, and that girl is my heart. That girl is my sweetheart? Girl is the embodiment of my pursuit and ideal? Maybe, maybe not. We don't have to be so specific or answer so accurately. Because poetry is poetry after all, as the predecessors said: "Poetry is solvable, unsolvable and does not need to be solved." Especially in Dai Wangshu's early poems, most of them are not direct imitations of reality, but often catharsis of hidden souls. As a poet said, "A person reveals his subconscious in a dream and his hidden soul in a poem, but it is only as hazy as a dream. In this case, we appreciate poetry ... between expressing ourselves and hiding ourselves. "
The fourth quarter "she silently approached, approached, and took a breath. She wanders like a dream and is as sad and confused as a dream. " "She approached silently"-it seems that "however, I felt the harmonious heartbeat of the sacred unicorn". Two hearts have been approaching, getting close to each other and understanding each other, but in the end, they passed by and let me down. She also "breathed a sigh of relief" and the distance between them widened again. Both wanderers suffered from the same depression, so they couldn't bear to leave each other and had to leave each other, so they were in the same boat. But because of the same symptoms, I couldn't get back to each other and had to break up. That's how they hesitate and pursue in hesitation, pursuing ... "She is erratic/dreamlike,/dreamlike sadness and confusion." Is the encounter between me and the girl a real life opportunity, an illusion caused by my deep thinking, or just a dream?
Section 5 "Like a lilac field floating in a dream, this girl floats beside me; She walked away silently, far away, to the broken fence and across the rainy path. " "I" watched Lilac Girl drift away, and she came to the end of the rain lane, "to the decaying fence". The Corrupt Fence gives a great shock to people's hearts. Lilac girl is so beautiful, beautiful things should naturally grow in beautiful environment and holy soil, but Lilac girl has "reached the decaying fence". This huge contrast causes people's association! Is that destroyed fence really the girl's home? Is lilac girl in danger? Could it be that Lilac Girl's life was ill-fated and suffered a heavy blow? Is this a sad girl's misfortune, or is it lamenting that she was born at the wrong time?
Section VI "In the elegy of rain, her color faded, her fragrance dispersed, even her sighing eyes and the melancholy of lilacs." This section literally describes the disappearance of girls, but actually describes the destruction of beauty and hope. In the "rotten hedge", "her color faded,/her fragrance dispersed,/dissipated, even her/sighing eyes,/lilac's melancholy." Everything about the girl "dissipated" and the beauty was completely destroyed! The poet's pursuit of hope is completely shattered! Is this hope of destruction a poet's holy love or a poet's noble ideal?
Section 7 "Holding an oil-paper umbrella, wandering alone in a long, lonely rain lane, hoping to float past a girl with a lilac knot." The girl disappeared and her hopes were dashed, but "I" still didn't give up the pursuit. In the first sentence at the end of the poem, I still wander alone in the long and lonely rain lane, expecting hope in disappointment. "Every time" has been changed to "wandering", so that the poetic story ends in a more hazy and confused dream. Lyric artistic conception
Rain Lane creates a lyrical artistic conception with strong symbolic color. Here, the poet metaphorically described the dark and dreary social reality at that time as a narrow and lonely "rain lane". There is no sound, no joy, no sunshine here. The poet himself is such a lonely person wandering in the rain lane. He has good hopes in loneliness. I hope there is a beautiful ideal in front of me. The "lilac-like" girl described by the poet is a symbol of this beautiful ideal. However, the poet knows that this beautiful ideal is difficult to realize. She is as full of sadness and melancholy as herself, fleeting and drifting away like a dream. What is left is only the poet himself who is still wandering in the dark reality, and the hope that the dream that cannot be realized generally floats away!
Symbolism method lyric
An important artistic feature of Rain Lane is the use of symbolism to express emotions. Symbolism is an art school that rose in French poetry at the end of19th century. They used the decadence of the end of the world to resist the capitalist order. In the way of expression, it emphasizes the use of implicit metaphor and other means to express the inner feelings. This school of art was introduced into China at the ebb of the May 4th Movement. Li Jinfa was the first person to write poems with a lot of symbolism. Dai Wangshu's early works were obviously influenced by French symbolism. An important feature of his creation is that he pays attention to the ability of excavating implied metaphors in poetry and expresses his feelings with symbolic images and artistic conception. Rain Lane embodies this artistic feature. The poet with an oil-paper umbrella in his poem, the lonely and long rain lane, and the girl with lilac-like sadness and dreams are not the concrete portrayal of real life itself, but the lyrical images full of symbolic significance. We may not be able to describe all the contents of these images in detail, but we can appreciate the vague poetry expressed by these images. The atmosphere of social reality, the lonely and wandering mood, the pursuit and the unattainable hope are both clear and hazy in the image described in Rain Lane, which is both certain and erratic. Imagination creates symbols, and symbols expand imagination. As the result of expressing emotions by symbolic means, the poet's emotional state of mind is more subtle, which also leaves readers with a broad imagination world and feels the fragrance and aftertaste of the poem. Mr. Zhu Ziqing said: "Dai Wangshu's family also adopted the symbolism of law. He translated the poems of this school. He also pays attention to the neatness of syllables, but it is not sonorous but light and clear; It is also a bit embarrassing, but it is understandable. " "He wants to grasp the delicate place." (Introduction to China's New Literature Series Poems) Rain Lane is hazy but not obscure, low but not decadent, affectionate but not frivolous, which really captures the subtlety of symbolism poetry art.
Dai Wangshu's poetry creation is also deeply influenced by the artistic nutrition of classical poetry. In Rain Lane, the poet created a symbolic lyrical image, a girl with a lilac-like sad heart. This is obviously inspired by some works in ancient poetry. Lilac knots and lilac buds are used to symbolize people's worries. Li Jing in the Southern Tang Dynasty even associated lilac knots with melancholy in the rain. His "Huanxisha":
Roll up pearls to make curtains and hang hooks. In the tall building, I look like before, and my depression is still locked. The fallen flower in the wind is so haggard, who is its owner? Think long term!
The messenger didn't bring news to the pedestrians far away. The lilacs in the rain reminded me of sadness. I looked back at the Three Gorges at dusk and saw the river falling from the sky.
In this poem, the lilac knot in the rain is used as a symbol of people's sadness. Obviously, Dai Wangshu absorbed the artistic conception and methods of describing sadness from these poems and applied them to form the artistic conception and imagination of Rain Lane. This kind of absorption and reference is obvious. However, can we say that the artistic conception and image of the rainy lane are the expansion and dilution of the famous Tang poem "Lilacs are sad in the rain" in the modern vernacular version? I thought I couldn't see it that way. When the poet conceived the artistic conception and image of Rain Lane, he not only absorbed the juice of his predecessors, but also created his own.
This poem skillfully uses symbolism to create a vague and trance-like atmosphere. "I" wandered alone in the rainy lane, as if full of sorrow, but I didn't want to say it.
First, the ancients used the lilac knot itself as a symbol of sadness in poetry. Imagine a girl as sad as a lilac in a rainy lane. She has lilac-like sadness and lilac-like beauty and fragrance. In this way, from a simple metaphor of sadness to expressing a beautiful ideal with sadness. This new image contains the author's pursuit of beauty. It contains the pain of disillusionment of the author's beautiful ideal.
Secondly, the poet used vivid modern language in Rain Lane to describe the image of a Dingxi girl who died suddenly in the rain, which is full of old poetic meaning with the old classical poems and other works created by the poet in his early days, showing more new era breath. "Lilacs are sad in the rain", and nothing can arouse people's hope and disillusionment more than "girls as sad as lilacs". This image is a rare creation in expressing the sorrow of the times.
Thirdly, in ancient poetry, the lilac knot in the rain entrusted the poet's feelings about real life scenes. The lilac-like girl image floating in the rain in Rain Lane brings more elements of the poet's imagination. It is not only a possible scene in life, but also the crystallization of the writer's artistic imagination, and an artistic real image produced by the combination of truth and imagination. Dai Wangshu said: "Poetry comes from reality through imagination, not only from reality, but also from imagination." We say that the artistic conception image of Rain Lane is a reference and transcendence of classical poetry, mainly because it was created by the poet according to his own life experience and imagination. It is the product of artistic imagination, more beautiful than life.
The grace of syllables
Rain Lane was first praised by people, and an important aspect is its beautiful syllables. Ye Shengtao praised this poem as "opening a new era for the syllables of new poetry". Although it is somewhat flattering, it is very insightful to see beautiful syllables first. Rain Lane consists of seven poems. The first section and the last section are exactly the same except that "meet" is changed to "float". In this way, the ending is repeated, and the same theme appears repeatedly in the poem, which strengthens the musical sense of the whole poem and also increases the expressive force of the poet's hesitation and disillusionment. There are six lines in each section of the whole poem, and the number of words in each line is different and uneven, and the rhyme is generally repeated in the lines not far apart. Bet two or three times per quarter, and there is no rhyme change from beginning to end. The whole poem is very short, and some short sentences also cut off the connection between words. However, some of the same words appear many times in rhyme, such as "Rain Lane", "Girl", "Fragrance", "Melancholy" and "Longing", which intentionally make a sound appear repeatedly in people's hearing. This creates a resounding melody and a smooth rhythm. It reads like a soft and thoughtful serenade. A lonely and painful recitation melody echoed repeatedly in the whole song, haunting people.
In order to strengthen the musicality of the whole poem, the poet also absorbed some skills from foreign poems and made the same words meet alternately in the same poem. The repetition and repetition of this language, like the repetition of intertwined lyric phrases, sounds pleasant and harmonious, adding more lyrical color to the poem. When romantic free poetry and "crescent school" tofu dry wind prevailed, Dai Wangshu published "Beautiful Rain Lane", which opened up a new world of musical expression of new poetry. The summer of 1927 produced by Rain Lane was the darkest time in the history of China. The bloody slaughter of revolutionaries by reactionaries caused a white terror that enveloped the whole country. Young people who enthusiastically responded to the revolution suddenly fell from the climax of the fire into the abyss of the night. Some of them can't find the future of revolution. They are lost in pain, they long for new hope in disappointment, and they expect beautiful rainbows floating in the haze. Rain Lane reflects the mentality of some progressive young people. Dai Wangshu was only twenty-one or twenty-two years old when he wrote this poem. 1927 In March, he was arrested and detained by the reactionary authorities for propagating the revolution. After the "April 12th" coup, he lived in seclusion in Songjiang, Jiangsu Province, chewing "China people's distress in this era" in loneliness. (Preface to Wang Shucao) His poems such as Rain Lane at this time are naturally full of feelings of hesitation, disappointment, sadness and pain. This feeling of hesitation and sadness can't be said to be a pure personal lament, but a projection of the darkness of reality and the disillusionment of ideals in the poet's heart. Rain Lane reproduces the typical voices in the hearts of these young people with short lyrical singing. Here we really can't hear the description of real suffering, and we can't hear the cry against the darkness. This is a deep confession, a confession of disappointment. However, from this kind of reflection and introspection, can't we clearly see the pain and pursuit of some young people after their disillusionment? The pain of losing good hope flows in the poem. Even the young people at that time were not so easily deceived. People don't want to wander in the rain lane forever after watching Rain Lane. People will hate this rainy lane and long to get out of it and go to a wide and bright place without rain and sadness.