Introduction:
This poem was written for the author in his later years. At this time, the author's life is not satisfactory, but rather difficult. Its original text is as follows:
Poems of resentment and Chu tune show Pang's main work Deng Zhizhong.
Tao Yuanming
Heaven is far away and ghosts and gods are boundless.
It's been 69 years since I started doing good deeds.
Weak crown meets world obstacle, and the first ventricle is out of alignment.
The fire burns repeatedly, and moths fly in the middle of the field.
Wind and rain come and go, and the convergence is not full.
Hungry in summer, sleepless in cold nights.
Thinking about cock crow at night, I can't wait to move in the morning.
What are you complaining about? Leave your sadness in the present.
The fame behind me is like smoke to me.
Generosity is a sad song. It is wise to believe it.
On Deng Zhizhong s Translation of Li Sao;
Heaven is unfathomable,
Ghosts and gods are elusive and hard to find, which is tantamount to dreaming.
When I was young, I had the ambition to be a good person and a sage.
I have been diligent all my life and spent fifty-four years.
At the age of 20, I was in trouble and experienced obstacles.
When I was thirty, my wife died, leaving me alone.
The fields have suffered many droughts,
Moths fly to encroaching fields at will.
The wind and rain poured down,
Harvest hardly helps families.
You often go hungry in summer,
Suffer sleepless nights.
Every night, I long for chickens to crow at dawn.
I only look forward to the sunset in the morning.
It's all my credit. How can you complain?
The suffering of this life is so sad that it is hard to say.
I can't help sighing at the thought of becoming famous after death.
Glory to me is like a cloud.
Sorrow welled up in my heart, singing sadly alone,
A confidant like Zhong Ziqi will surely sigh for me!
Interpretation of Words in Tang Zhizhong s Major Works Pang Zhizhong;
1, Tiandao sentence: it means that ghosts and gods are hard to know.
2, conclusion: knot hair, ancient men at the age of 20 crown ceremony, began to tie hair. This refers to youth. Hey: Do your best. 69, 54 years old. I struggled from my youth until I was 54.
3, weak crown sentence: At that time, the body was particularly weak, so it was called weak crown. When Tao Yuanming was young, the situation was very chaotic. Jiangxi suffered from famine due to the large-scale invasion of the former Qin Dynasty. So what? Every world is blocked? . Internal rules of the book of rites:? At the age of 30, I have a house and can only manage men. ? It used to be about thirty years old here. In ancient times, the death of a husband or wife was called partial mourning, which meant the loss of his wife.
4. Burning Fire Sentence: This sentence means that hot sunshine always burns like fire. Suffer from the threat of drought. Moths refer to pests and locusts. Wild in the wild, wanton harm in the wild.
5. Rain sentence: Hey, where does my husband live? Can't afford a house without profit. Not much food was harvested.
6. Omission
7. make sentences: make, want. Wu refers to Sun. According to legend, both Japan and China have three-legged birds, so the sun is called the sun. Because there is no quilt on a cold night, I hope it will dawn early at night. Because of the hunger in summer, I hope the solar energy will go down early in the morning.
8. in the sentence: it starts from worry and meets with worry. These two sentences mean that poverty is self-inflicted, there is no need to complain, but it is really hard to suffer like this.
9. Zhong Ziqi, a famous bosom friend in ancient times. Liezi Tang Wen:? Boya Guqin, aiming at the mountains, Zhong Ziqi said, What if I am as tall as Mount Tai? ; Aim at the running water and say:? Like a river? . When the son dies, Bo Ya loses his string, so he has no confidant. ? Here, it is used to refer to Pang and Deng Zhizhong, which means that they must be able to appreciate this like Zhong Ziqi? Sad song? Meaning of. Letter, yes.
The Chu tune of the resentment poem shows the background of Pang's main book Deng Zhizhong.
Because is it in the poem? Six or nine years? Therefore, we know that this poem was written at the age of 54, when it was 4 18 (the 14th year of Jin 'anyi).
Appreciation of Pang's Tang Zhizhong's Complaining Poems and Chu Tunes;
First of all, this poem depicts the tragic life scene of the poet in his later years. He has reached a state of hunger and cold, which is unsustainable. Him? Hungry in midsummer and sleepless in cold nights? , even frozen? Think about the cock crow at night? Looking forward to dawn at night; Hungry? And hope to move in the morning? I hope it will get dark soon during the day. What a difficult and unbearable time it is! For the miserable life of Tao Yuanming in his later years, you can refer to "Complaining Poems Chu Sue Pang Zhushu Deng Zhizhong" and "Miscellaneous Poems", which says: If you don't look forward to agriculture, your career will be in the fields. If you don't take care of yourself, you will often be destroyed by the cold. Is it too full? I hope I have enough food. Winter feet are covered with big cloth. Thick cloth is used to welcome the sun. If you can't get it, you can hurt! ? There is also Drinking, which says: In fact, I am clinging to poverty, and I am hungry and full. We live in Hengtai, where weeds have no front yard. Keep the night brown, and the chickens will not crow in the morning. ? The words are similar. Looking back at the early days of Tao Yuanming's return to the field, at that time, although his family was not very rich, at least it maintained a well-off situation. Where is his residence? The house is surrounded by about ten acres of land, thatched cottages. Yin backyard, Luo tang qian? . What is his diet? The vegetable garden is rich in vegetables, and the old valley still exists today? ,? Brew wine in spring, and I will pour it when it is ripe? . It is naturally easier to be a hermit under such living conditions. But it didn't last long. At the age of 44, a fire broke out in his house. The house is empty? Everything was burnt down. Since then, his life has become increasingly poor, and his participation in labor has gradually changed from the initial viewing and embellishment to the basic means of maintaining his life. Therefore, natural disasters have become an extremely close issue for Tao Yuanming. For example, Tao Yuanming's predicament is because? The fire burns again and again, and moths feed on nakata. The wind and rain are coming, and the convergence is not profitable? This is caused by this reason. This kind of life is extremely rare in the experience of ancient writers in China, and readers should pay full attention to it.
Secondly, it shows the poet's great indignation and injustice towards social reality in his later years. He is full of complaints, and even hates heaven and ghosts. He said:? Heaven is far away, ghosts and gods are blurred? With my own personal experience, I can prove that these things are deceptive. Similarly, he said in the poem "Drinking":? Good luck is rewarded, and Uncle Yi is in Xishan. If good and evil should not be done, then what should be done! ? The mood is very intense. Here, on the surface, he refers to the god in heaven, but in fact his criticism is aimed at the dark society at that time and at the decadent ruling group that holds the destiny of mankind. Tao Yuanming's thoughts and emotions at this time are very different from those at the beginning of his return to the field. What kind of singing style did back in the game always like in his early days? Lotte knows life? 、? A road to poverty? High-profile, in "Gui Mao Chun Nostalgia for Tian She", he said:? Teachers have an inheritance, but they are not poor. ; In his farewell speech, he said: Chatting until the end, Loew's fate is ridiculous! ? At that time, Tao Yuanming was famous for his peace and tranquility. It's different now, with more and more complaints and growing emotions. It's not that his cultivation level has dropped. Mr. Lu Xun said:? Huh? Think of enough is enough. ? Huh? Want status, also want money. ? Who wants to talk about it? Poor? Then he must first maintain an economic situation that is at least not too poor. Otherwise, you're going to make a baby? Ann? I can live, I want to. Le? Get up, that's hard. Tao Yuanming used to love to say? Have a rest, lie down and play the pipa? ; ? Love words to please relatives, playing music and reading to eliminate troubles? It's a bit like reading and playing the piano. But in his later years, when he wrote Ode to the Poor, it was already? You can't see the smoke when you pour the pot. At that time, he just? Under the poetry book, the day will not be investigated? Yes The poorer and more bitter, the more ideological contradictions and the more intense emotions. This is human nature, it's true. Tao Yuanming's poems are famous for their truthfulness. However, if it is difficult to write pain and anger in later works, the ideas expressed in later works are more real and realistic than those in previous works. Readers should also pay full attention to this.
Thirdly, the work shows Tao Yuanming's determination to die rather than move in this extremely painful life. He has made up his mind that no matter how poor he is, he will never go out to be an official, and he will never go along with the dark upper class again. He said:? What are you complaining about? Leave your sadness in the present. The fame behind me is like smoke to me. ? What does this mean? Hans Zhang, a liberator who was more than 100 years earlier than Tao Yuanming, once said: A glass of wine before death is not as good as a name after death. ? It's not that Tao Yuanming brazenly despised the ancient teachings of the sages of the previous generation like Hans Zhang, but that he despised what was chased by the officialdom at that time like flies chasing blood. He said that it was all his own fault that he got into such a predicament today, and it was no wonder that heaven, ghosts and gods or other personnel were involved. This is not the truth, this is an accusation, which is a disguised expression of his political injustice at that time, and it also contains a kind of pride and pride in sticking to moral integrity and winning spiritually. In the feudal society of more than two thousand years in China, many people did not cooperate with the dark officialdom, despised fame and fortune, and lived in seclusion in the countryside as leisure landlords. But can endure cold and hunger, as for it? Hunger drove me away, and I don't know why. Go to Sri Lanka, knock on the door, clumsy? I would rather beg from others than turn back, but I kept going until I died of old age, and I couldn't find another one except Tao Yuanming. Tao Yuanming's integrity is touching, and his bones are really harder than others. This point should attract readers' attention in particular.
The artistic style of Tao Yuanming's poems is famous for its simplicity and truthfulness, so Liang Qichao once said that before the Tang Dynasty, only Ruan Infantry and Tao Yuanming, especially Tao Yuanming, could really bring out his personality to contact with readers? Tao Yuanming's literature, art and character. Readers reading this poem "Poems of Mourning Chu in Pang Zhizhong's Main Book" written by him in his later years are like listening to an old friend telling his series of misfortunes face to face, complaining there and complaining there, and expressing his indignation at the real society. Compared with his early works, this poem is more intense and straightforward, but the outstanding expression of true feelings in Tao Yuanming's works is consistent. He has fun, he has bitterness, and he never deliberately hides his grievances. His language is so simple, concise, vivid and accurate, for example, he is hungry in summer and can't sleep in cold nights. Thinking about crowing at night and wanting to move in the morning? For frozen people, they look forward to dawn and sunrise in the long winter night; The description of hungry people looking forward to the dark in the long summer days, thinking that they might feel better lying in bed, can't be written by people who have no actual feelings, even if they want to, I'm afraid it's hard to think of it.
About the author:
Tao Yuanming (about 365 years? In 427), Ziliang, also known as Qian, was known as Mr. Keisuke, Han nationality, born in Chaisang, Xunyang (now Jiujiang, Jiangxi). Poets and poets at the end of Eastern Jin Dynasty and the beginning of Southern Song Dynasty. He worked as a small official for several years, then resigned and went home. Since then, he has lived in seclusion. Pastoral life is the main theme of Tao Yuanming's poems. Related works include Drinking, Returning to Garden, Peach Blossom Garden, Biography of Mr. Wu Liu, and Returning to Xi Ci, etc. He is the founder of the pastoral school.
Tao Yuanming's poetry and prose has a unique artistic style and high attainments, which has opened up a new realm for classical poetry. The works are simple and natural, which affects the creation of Tang poetry out of true feelings.
Tang people are not shy about calling Tao Wei or Tao. Born around 365. He once served as Jiangzhou wine offering, Jianwei joining the army, Zhenjun joining the army, Pengze County Order, etc. He left his post after more than 80 days as the county magistrate of pengze county, and retired to the countryside. He is the first pastoral poet in China. There is Tao Yuanming's collection. Known as? Hermit through the ages? . Great-grandfather Tao Kan, the founding father of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, made outstanding military achievements. He was an official of Fu, the commander-in-chief of the military affairs of the eight countries, and Jing and Jiang were the secretariat of Changsha. Grandfather Tao Mao and father Tao Yi are both governors. The father's name is not recorded in history, so it is doubtful. )
The translation of the above sad poem "The Carving of Chu" shows that Pang Zhizhong's master book is here for you. I hope it helps you. If you like this article, you might as well share it with your friends. More ancient poems are in:!
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