Bai Juyi's poems were widely circulated before his death, which made him very proud. Bai Juyi said in "Nine Books with Yuan": "From Chang 'an to Jiangxi, there are often poets writing poems; There are always people chanting servant poems in the mouths of ordinary people, monks, widows and virgins. "Yuan Zhen also said Bai Juyi's poem," In the past twenty years, provinces, temples, post offices and walls have been banned, and princes and concubines have been unwell. As for those who write and sell Mole Street in the market, or hold it to make wine and tea, there are everywhere. "At that time, Bai Juyi's poems gained great international reputation and many foreign readers. They were all circulated and written in Japan, Silla (now Korea), southern Japan (now Vietnam) and other countries. According to historical records, the Japanese emperor at that time copied many poems of Bai Juyi, hid them in the secret room and recited them secretly. King Khitan personally translated the white poems into Khitan characters and ordered his ministers to read them.
It goes without saying that Bai Juyi's poems have a great and far-reaching influence on later poems, and Bai poetry will always be loved by people all over the world and spread through the ages.
Bai Juyi classified his poems into four categories. In addition to satirical poems, there are leisure poems, sentimental poems and miscellaneous poems, most of which are well written. Generally speaking, early poems are more valuable than later ones. It is a pity that his later poems have lost the edge of youth because of the cold world.
Judging from Bai Juyi's official career, although he is an official, he is always in a state of anxiety and anger. As a poet, he has made great achievements, which can be said to be very famous in the government, even known to women and children. Probably because of his wandering in his youth and subsequent relegation, he became an immortal poet because of his rich experience and profound understanding of society.
Bai Juyi's poems, as mentioned earlier, have been well written since childhood. /kloc-the phrase "wildfire and spring breeze" at the age of 0/6 has become a famous sentence throughout the ages. The most famous narrative poem "Song of Eternal Sorrow" is a masterpiece of China's ancient poetry, which was written when he served as the zhouzhi county Order at the age of 35. The poem is based on the story of Xuanzong and Yang Guifei, which is circulated among the people. It is fictional and vividly written. It occupies a prominent position in the history of China's poetry. In this poem, he dared to criticize the debauchery of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, including "The emperor of China longed to shake the beauty of an empire" and "The emperor gave up his early hearing from then on". The affectionate description of them is both ironic and full of pity. When it comes to where you are going, the pen is quite emotional. The whole poem rises from the twists and turns of the story, full of emotion and complexity, which gives people great appeal.
At the age of 45, he wrote another long poem, Preface to Pipa, which was also highly praised by people. After he was demoted to Jiangzhou Sima, he said goodbye to his friends in Jiangtou, Xunyang, at a farewell banquet on board. Suddenly, he heard the sound of a neighboring ship playing pipa and invited him to move to another ship. It turned out to be an old singer who lived alone on an empty boat, and also had infinite sadness. She was entrusted to live in seclusion by the pipa. As a result, "we are both unhappy-at the end of the day, we met." We understand. What is the relationship between acquaintances? " There is this long poem, which can be compared with Song of Eternal Sorrow. In the front, I described the living conditions and tragic life experiences of geisha, followed by "I came, a year ago, far from the capital, and now I am a sick exile here in Jiujiang", and finally the cloud "But who among them cried the most? , this Jiujiang officer. My blue sleeves are wet. " This is also an allusion. This poem has many advantages in artistic techniques and is described in detail.
Among Bai Juyi's other poems, satirical poems written in his early days are highly appraised and praised, especially Qin Zhongyin and New Yuefu. Bai Juyi, who has just entered the official career, reflects the sufferings of people's livelihood and cries for justice. His courage of "being ignorant of current affairs and not ashamed to ask questions" is very admirable. There are 65,438+00, and the first one is like a sword. Song and Dance is about the happy life of ministers who like to drink in broad daylight and sing and dance in the middle of the night. The conclusion is "I didn't know there were death row inmates who froze to death in the township prison!" " "Flower Buying" wrote that the rich in Chang 'an bid for peony, boasting about luxury, and finally said, "A cluster of dark flowers makes ten families happy." It is difficult to marry a poor girl when proposing marriage. Friends who mourn for the dead bemoan the miserable life in the land of misery. The House of Mourning for the Dead satirizes the giant buildings in Daxing. A class costs millions. Not being an official mocked those greedy people who refused to retire at the age of eighty or ninety. Maids-in-waiting expressed their dissatisfaction with singing praises for some people without setting up a monument for good officials. Wuxian expressed regret that many people didn't understand traditional culture at that time. It can be seen that they are all critics, whippers and grumblers, which effectively exposed the dark politics from Zhenyuan to Xianzongyuan in Dezong and their early days, and stung the ruling class. It is no wonder that "when I hear Qin Zhongyin, my face turns pale". Bai Juyi is also very conceited about his Qin Zhongyin. He said in "Poems after Compilation" (volume 15): "A long hatred has amorous feelings, and ten Qin sounds are in tune."
"New Yuefu" and "Qin Zhongyin" are about the same time, which is another important combination of Bai's satirical Oracle poems. There are 50 poems about the relationship between Gao Zu's martial arts and Yuanhe. The time span is larger and the content is wider than Qin Zhongyin. In the poem Zhi Zhi, Bai said his Yuefu poem: "I am also a disciple of the monarch. The words of the poet are very hurtful. You don't want to have a high rhythm, but you don't want to write strange words. You want the emperor to know when you push songs. " It can be said that he wrote the Declaration of New Yuefu, which is also the best interpretation of New Yuefu. His masterpieces such as Selling Charcoal Weng, Ling Du CuO, Yue Ling, Xinfeng Broken-arm Weng are well known. That is to say, in the preface, the words such as "bitter palace city", "hurting farmers", "greedy for female labor", "forbidding border workers", "worrying about sericulture expenses", "mourning for the cold", "forbidding seeking immortals", "stabbing Buddhist temples to immerse themselves in many things" and "corrupt officials" are lashed and satirized to bid farewell to passion. It is the true expression of the author's mind. In his Preface to New Yuefu, he clearly declared that these poems were "written for the monarch, ministers, people, things and things, not for writing." The fact is true ",claiming that what he wrote was all true events, showing the fighting spirit of a young and middle-aged poet. In poetic style, he inherited the Book of Songs.
In a word, Bai Juyi's Qin Zhongyin and New Yuefu are the most combative works of all his poems. Together with Song of Eternal Sorrow and Pipa, they are the essence of Bai Juyi's poems and the most valuable parts of China's ancient poems.