Original text of Wang Ye
Looking at the dusk in Gaodong, I want to rely on it.
Trees are all autumn colors, and mountains are only sparkling.
The shepherd brought the calf back, hunted horses and brought birds back.
Care for no acquaintances, Long song pregnant with Cai Wei.
Wang Ye translation
At dusk, I stood at the entrance of Gaodong village and looked down, not knowing where to go.
Every tree is dyed with autumn colors, and many mountains are covered with the afterglow of the sunset.
Herders drive cattle home, and hunters ride horses to take their prey home.
Everyone is relatively silent and doesn't know each other. I really want to live in seclusion in the mountains!
Ambitious thoughts and feelings
This poem is about Shan Ye and autumn scenery. In the bleak and quiet scenery description, the whole poem expresses loneliness and anguish, and expresses melancholy and loneliness.
The first pair of couplets, there are feelings and scenes, and some people are in the scene. Let's look at this picture first: In the evening, when the sun is setting, the horizon is full of haze. The poet climbs Gaodong alone, looks far and wide, and wanders around, reciting the poem in Cao Cao's "Short Songs"-"There are no branches to lean on if you go around the tree three times". Twilight talks about time, exaggerating the atmosphere, Gao Dong points to the place, and What does it depend on points to the mentality, which is complicated and depressing. These two seemingly dull narratives clearly explain the author's mood and set the tone of the whole poem.
"Zhuan Xu", which describes the quiet scenery of the mountains in autumn, further exaggerates the author's lonely and depressed mood from the front. From what he saw, the poet outlined a picture of autumn night for us. The endless Woods are stained with the yellow in late autumn, and the rolling mountains are stained with the bleak twilight in the sunset. The seemingly quiet and open scene gives people a feeling of desolate sunset.
The neckband is about people's activities at night, which sets off the poet's depressed loneliness from the opposite side. The poet gave us a vivid picture of people returning from grazing in the countryside. The shepherd boy who herded cattle sang folk songs and happily drove the cattle home. The hunter rode a good horse, shouted loudly and went home with his prey. What a pleasant scene, what an intoxicating picture. But the excitement is theirs. Poets have nothing but loneliness and loneliness.
Finally, I couldn't hold back my inner feelings any longer, and spoke my thoughts directly. The poet recovered from the beautiful and lively scene and returned to his original state of mind, adding a feeling of loss, loneliness and melancholy. There are no acquaintances and friends around the poet, and no one can share this loneliness, so we have to take Bo Yi and Shu Qi with us. The poet sang the song "Picking Wei" to express his ambition to live in seclusion in the mountains.
People who are familiar with Tang poetry may not find this poem particularly beneficial. However, if we read this poem by Song, Qi, Liang and Chen in the Southern Dynasties in the order of poetic history, we will suddenly applaud its simplicity. The poetic style of the Southern Dynasties is mostly gorgeous, like a jewel-like lady wrapped in satin. Walking out of the women's group, I suddenly met a village girl with a cloth skirt. Without makeup, there will be a special charm. Ji Wang's ambition has such a simple advantage.
The genre of this poem is five-character verse. Since Shen Yue and others applied legal knowledge to poetry creation in the first year of Qiyong in the Southern Dynasties, this new genre of legal poetry has been brewing. In the early Tang Dynasty, Shen Quanqi's and Song's regular poems became an important poetic genre. Wang Ji, more than 60 years earlier than Shen and Song, can write such a mature poem as Wild Hope, which shows that he is a man who dares to try new forms. The beginning and end of this poem are lyrical, and the middle is lyrical. After the repetition of emotion-scene-emotion, the meaning of poetry has deepened. This is in line with a basic composition of metrical poetry.
Expanding reading: appreciation of wild hope
This is a five-character poem describing Shan Ye and autumn scenery. The poetic style is simple and natural, which shows the poet's depressed mood of "caring for each other and not knowing each other" in the plain, which is quite different from the literary style since Qi and Liang Dynasties. The whole poem washes away the lead and brings a fresh breath to the early Tang poetry circle, which is one of Wang Ji's representative works.
"At dusk in Gaodong, what does the migration depend on?" The first two sentences mainly express emotions. "Gaodong" generally refers to the waterside highland near Longmen in Jiangzhou, Wang Ji's hometown. Borrowing Tao Yuanming's poem "Going to Gaodong for a Fun", it means that the poet tried to cultivate Gaodong after retiring, so he named himself "Donggaozi". "Depend" means wandering. "What do you want?" Cao Cao's poem "Three turns around the tree, what branches do you rely on" is used. These two poems are described in a plain way. First, in the thin twilight, the poet stood on the high east and looked around. An inexplicable loneliness and helplessness welled up in my heart, making people unable to calm down. Watching movies will naturally be painted with a layer of psychological imbalance, which also provides a clever foreshadowing for the four sentences in the middle.
"The trees are all autumn, and the hills have only light". This is the poet's bold description of the scenery in front of him, focusing on the transparency of colors. Layers of trees have been stained with bleak autumn colors, and only the afterglow of the sunset can be seen in the rolling mountains. What a quiet, open and beautiful picture. Even in the faint twilight, people can still feel the strong reflection of light and color at sunset in Lin Qiu and Shan Ye. Then, the poet turned to the dynamic narrative: "The shepherd drove the calf back. Hunting horses and taking birds home. " Focus on depicting the vivid scene of Shan Ye's release in the field of vision, and inject a beating emotion and happy interest into the whole quiet picture. Several verbs in the sentence "drive", "return", "take" and "return". Use it naturally and accurately. This dynamic description more and more sets off the tranquility of the autumn night scene. In the static and dynamic description, the poet interweaves mountains, rivers, trees and calf hunting horses into a wonderful artistic picture. The harmony of light and color, the collocation of distant view and close view all seem so white and harmonious, which makes people daydream and even forget themselves in the comfortable and leisurely fields.
However, Wang Ji's experience immersed in the scene is far from being spiritually comforted like an idyllic poet, but he was born with a feeling of loss and loneliness. "I don't know each other, Long song is pregnant with Wei." These last two sentences completely reveal the poet's inner anguish and depression. Because there were no friends who knew each other, he had to chase the hermits who didn't eat, such as Huai Boyi and Shu Qi, and went up the mountain to beg Wei. Someone commented: "Reading the article" Wild Hope "can tell the mind of a noble scholar, and you are detached. There have been bosom friends since ancient times. " (A general comment on the forest by deleting and supplementing the notes of Tang poetry) is the main theme of this poem.
This poem begins and ends with two lyric words. In the middle, two pairs of couplets depicting scenery skillfully link the poet's loneliness and hesitation with the autumn twilight scenery covering the fields, bringing readers an intuitive artistic impression and beautiful pleasure. The infinite meaning contained in the poem makes people chew it for a long time. The language of the whole poem is straightforward and fresh, natural and fluent, simple and profound, and every sentence is forceful, which opens the way for the language innovation of Tang poetry and later generations.