The whole poem is explained as follows, I hope it will help you.
Ji Kang is from Suxian County, Anhui Province. Born in 223 AD (four years in Huang Chu, Wei Wendi), he died in 262 AD (three years in Gongjing Garden, Weichangdao Township). One of the "Seven Sages of Bamboo Forest" was a doctor of Secondary Three, so he was called Secondary Three in the world. He was the son-in-law of Cao Wei's imperial clan, and was killed by Si Mazhao because he refused to cooperate with Sima's family and attacked the hypocritical manners and people who were in favor of the times. His achievements in literature are mainly prose, with incisive and novel views and sharp writing style. Poetry is mostly four-character, with distinctive style, but often with strong negative emotions. There is also "San Ji in Jizhong".
Poem of Sorrow was written by Ji Kang when he was in prison for Lu An incident. Lv Xun, Lv An's younger brother, is a general with a long history in Si Mazhao. He occupied his brother's wife, but falsely accused him of being unfilial. Lu An was imprisoned for no reason. When Lu An defended himself, Ji Kang was cited as evidence, and Ji Kang also stood up to defend Lu An. Zhong Hui was insulted when he visited Ji Kang. At this time, he urged Si Mazhao to "get rid of it", and Si Mazhao hated Ji Kang for a long time. So Ji Kang was also put in prison, and the latter two were actually executed. In prison, Ji Kang wrote this poem with resentment.
The whole poem can be divided into four paragraphs. In the first paragraph, the author describes his unruly personality and his ambition to live in seclusion since his youth. This passage sets the tone for the whole poem and reflects his life.
I am thin, but I was not born. The more you cry, the more you are in infancy. Mother and brother bowed to education, with kindness and no power. I love my sister Ju, but I don't want to be a teacher. Feng Chong let go of the crown belt. Resist the heart, cherish the past and let nature take its course. Take good care of Lao Zi and Zhuangzi. Cheap things are precious to you. Aim at simplicity and cultivate truth.
I lamented that my life was poor and unlucky, and I suffered misfortune when I was a teenager. Lonely and ignorant, lost his father at an early age. My mother and brother raised me with love, not dignity. I rely on my mother's love and favor. My mother and brother don't teach me or be teachers. When I became an adult, I was immersed in the love of my mother and brother. Have a noble mind, admire the ancients, and choose which ancients to admire. (Sister Ju, love. Feng, pass by, rely on, rely on. ) With good wishes, I like Laozi and Zhuangzi, look down on things outside my body, and attach importance to my self-cultivation. My ambition is to keep my simple nature, keep my simple nature and keep my true nature.
In the second paragraph, the author mainly blames himself for his carelessness in Lu 'an, and the author blames this misfortune on his weakness of character. In fact, Ji Kang's political attitude and fierce ideological remarks that he vowed not to cooperate with Sima's family were the fundamental reasons for his "silence" and his immediate murder.
Insensitive is good and dark. Yu Zi's failures have repeatedly gone up in smoke. Adults are generous, shelter evil people from evil practices, and are ashamed of themselves. There are many people, and politics is involuntary. Only this kind of heartache shows whether pi. If you are homesick, build Wei. If you want too little, slander will boil. Sex does not harm the body, but it often causes disgust. Liu Hui was shameful yesterday, and Sun Deng is shameful today. I have a bad heart and a good friend outside. Enjoy Yan Zheng and live in seclusion. There is no camp in the world, and the air is like this. I am not good at counseling, and the baby is tired and worried. Bandits fell from the sky, but they were stubborn. Illness leads to trouble, and death leads to Yu Ling. Answering contemptuous news is a great obstacle. It is shameful to escape the lawsuit, and time is not with me. Although righteousness is straight, God humiliates his ambition. How do clouds make up for the surging waves in the bath? Uh-uh-uh-uh-uh-uh, brave Yan Ming, bravely fly north.
I am really unwise. I like doing good deeds, but I'm darker than anyone I know. (The Dark Knight means that Lu Xun was not recognized in time. The author has a book, Breaking Up with Lu Changbiao, which also expresses this idea. Yu Zi's failure has repeatedly increased Wen Zi's worries. In the Spring and Autumn Period, a native of Chu was recommended by Wen to lead the Chu army, but he was headstrong and was defeated by the Jin army in the battle of Chengpu. These two sentences mean that Wen Zi recommended Yu Zi, which eventually led to the failure of Chu in the future, and because he trusted Lu Xun, he was framed and suffered a disaster. There is only dust, and the Book of Songs Xiaoya has no ordinary cart. "There is no ordinary cart, only dust is invisible." Zheng Xuan wrote: "Yu Dafu pushed the villain and was worried about himself." ) Great men are broad-minded and can tolerate villains and their words and deeds. The behavior of subjects is often circuitous, because the decree is not issued by the monarch. Because I am narrow-minded, I want to discuss the good and evil of things. Feel and experience, think about it, it hurts like a cut. In order to reduce mistakes, the rumors of the clock meeting are raging. (trauma, trauma. ) Your own personality doesn't hurt anything, but it often leads to disgust. Once upon a time, I was ashamed of my lack of Liu Xiahui's spirit of sticking to the right path, but now I regret not listening to Sun Deng and avoiding disaster as soon as possible. I failed to live up to my true intention and felt ashamed of my friend. I am ashamed. Liu Hui, a native of Liu Xiahui, was born in the Spring and Autumn Period. The Analects of Confucius: "Liu Xiahui is a teacher. People say,' Can I go?' Say,' If you are upright and serve the people, how can you not make three mistakes?' "Sun Deng, a hermit at the same time as Ji Kang. The Selected Works quoted Wei's Spring and Autumn Annals as saying, "Kang Chu collected herbs in Zhongshan North and lived in seclusion in Sun Deng. Kang wanted to talk to him, but Deng was silent. After several years, Kang said,' Sir, are you speechless?' Deng Nai said,' Many people and many talents are inevitable in this world.' "Loving heart, refers to the past his, refers to the desire to raise. ) envy Yan's carefree life, cultivate one's morality and protect oneself. I am at peace with the world. Unfortunately, fate is not good, suffering. This sin did not fall from the sky, but was caused by my slow and lazy nature. The truth didn't say well, and disasters gathered together and were finally put in prison. Answer the rough interrogation of prison guards and be held in a secluded place. It's really a pity to avoid arguing, because we won't meet tomorrow. Let me be slandered. Although the righteousness is self-evident, it is his heart that is humiliated and cursed by the prison officer. Although washed in rivers and waters, how to remedy it? The geese are singing and flapping their wings to fly north. (blue waves, water color, here refers to rivers. )
The third paragraph focuses on the author's anger and exclamation about his tragedy.
Keep pace with the times and forget your troubles. Well, I'm angry and sighing, and I can't help it. Instead, Goz stayed for a long time. If you are poor, you will have a life, but if you have no desire, you will be just. As the ancients said, goodness is not close to fame. Be respectful and silent when serving, and regret it. Shiwan Shen Zhou lives in peace and honor. Things change, only to stir up feelings. Happiness must be tried, but it is the ultimate virtue. Brilliant ganoderma lucidum, three shows a year. If you want to be independent, you don't want to. I feel guilty thinking about it.
Act in prosperity, forget your worries when you are proud. Alas, no one can compare with anger and sigh. Instead, I was imprisoned for a long time. Poverty and access are predestined, and there is nothing to pursue. The ancients said, do good without seeking fame. Silence at any time, there will be no disaster. In the Han Dynasty, Wan was cautious, so he could live in peace and honor. The world is complicated and chaotic, which just disturbs my mood. When you are happy, you must protect yourself, and finally you can achieve peace and chastity. (Shiwan refers to the historical powder of the Han Dynasty; Fen, his four sons and five people are all officials. With 2000 stones, Jingdi belongs to Fenwan. Li Zhen, peaceful and upright; Ganyi: "Gan, Yuan Zhen." Later, it is often used as auspicious meaning. ) Ganoderma lucidum, bright and beautiful, blooms three times a year. Why me? I am ambitious, but I have accomplished nothing. Take warning, reflect deeply, and feel guilty.
In the fourth paragraph, the author once again stated his original purpose of "keeping simple and nourishing elements". What is shown here is still the stubborn attitude of refusing to cooperate with Sima.
Xu Shu, in the future, will have no fragrance or smell. Cai Wei, where there is a rocky promontory. Yong Xiao often drinks, which is beneficial to promote longevity.
I hope to encourage the future, whether it is praise or disapproval, I will stay out of it and remain unknown. Like Boyi and Shu Qi, they went to shouyangshan to pick EU for food, with long hair fluttering and hiding in caves. Long-term poetry in the mountains, to maintain life, let yourself live longer.
Analysis: Ji Kang's poems are lyrical repeatedly in the form of inner monologues. The author is in prison, with no one to talk to, full of melancholy and resentment, and urgently needs to be dismissed, which naturally forms the characteristics of repeated lyricism. In addition, there are many allusions, such as Zuo Zhuan used for "the defeat of Yu Zi"; "To err is human", "Bandits descend from the sky" and "Hehehe Yanming" borrow the Book of Songs to make sentences; Admire Yan Zheng and Shiwan Shen Zhou use Hanshu; "Goodness is not close to fame" comes from Zhuangzi ... These allusions are used in poetry, and most of them are appropriate.
Artistic style: Zhong Rong commented on Ji Kang's poems in Shi Pin: "Cutting too hard, revealing talent too hard, hurting elegance." Zhi Ji's poems are too blunt and straightforward, showing the characteristics of cross-discussion of right and wrong, lacking meaning and lofty purpose. Liu Xizai's "On Art" said that "the poem of uncle's night is solemn and vigorous, and the poem of heir is leisurely", and compared the different styles of the two poems, and summarized the style of the poems with the word "solemn and vigorous". Ji Kang's thought is strong, and his personality is Geng Jie. This unique personality poem presents the "rigorous" artistic style pointed out by Zhong Rong. Poem of Complaining is a masterpiece of Ji Kang's style of "keeping his word" and "wherever he goes".