The beast of Qi is touching, so it shakes its temperament and dances. Candle shines on three talents, all kinds of splendor. The spirit is just waiting for it, let you tell it. Moving heaven and earth, feeling ghosts and gods, not close to poetry.
The words of the south wind yesterday, the praise of Qingyun, are ridiculous. Xia Ge said, "Yu Tao has almost reached his heart." Chu Ci said: "The name is more than usual." Although the poetic style is incomplete, it is the origin of five words. The arrest of Li Ling in the Han Dynasty began with five words.
Classical poetry is difficult to be detailed in the world, and its style was firmly established in the Han Dynasty, not the result of the decline of the Zhou Dynasty.
Since Wang, Yang, Mei, and Ma's disciples, the ci and fu have competed with each other, which is refreshing but boring. From Li to Ban Jieyu, there will be a hundred years, and women will only have one. The poet's wind has lost its life. In Tokyo for 200 years, only Ban Gu recited history without words.
Down to Jian 'an, Cao Gong and his son, so gentle; Brother Pingyuan, I am Wendong; Serina Liu and RoyceWong are its wings. The second time, climb the dragon to help the phoenix, since it belongs to the car, it will cover everything. When you are polite, you are ready for time.
Later, the mausoleum declined later, and there was gold. Tai Kang San Zhang, Er Lu, Er Pan, Yi Zuo, Bohr's revival, following the former king of Wu, and the romance has not been foamed, which is also the resurgence of the article.
Yongjia, expensive Huang Lao, a little empty talk. What was written, said and said at that time was chicken ribs. Therefore, on the river, microwaves are still spreading. Sun Chuo, Huan and Yu all have poems, just like moralism. Jian 'an did his best.
First of all, Guo Jingchun changed his body with his talent; Liu Yueshi struggled with the spirit of being honest and clean, and was in favor of beauty. However, the other party is small and has not moved customs.
After catching Yi, Xie swept the board with one hand. There is Xie Lingyun in Yuanjia, and his words are rich and colorful, including Liu, Guo, Ling, Pan and Zuo.
Therefore, Chen Si is the leader of Jian 'an, supplemented by Shang Yang and Zhong Xuan. Lu Ji is the English of Taikang, supplemented by Anren and Jingyang. Xie Ke is the hero of Yuanjia, supplemented by Yan Yannian: four is the crown of five characters, and the life of words is also.
Four words, with wide meanings and coquettish effect, can get more. Every bitter article is very complicated and of little significance, and it was rarely used for reference in the past. The essence of five words is that many works are tasteful. Therefore, the cloud will be popular. Doesn't it mean that people who write the most meticulous things have bad feelings?
Therefore, there are three meanings in the poem: one is xing, the other is comparison, and the third is fu. The text is full of righteousness and is prosperous; Because things are metaphorical, they are better than others; Straight book, fable writing, fu also. The triple meanings of macro-philosophy, properly used, dry by the wind and moist by the color of Dan, make those who taste infinite and those who smell it tempted, which is the ultimate of poetry. If you are good at metaphor, you will suffer from deep meaning, and deep meaning will be sharp. If you use fu, you will suffer from floating in your heart. Floating in your heart will lead to scattered writing, drifting in the play, endless writing, and the tiredness of weeds and vines.
If it is spring breeze, birds in spring, autumn moon in Qiu Chan, summer rain in Xia Yun and Leng Yue in winter, all poets will feel the four seasons. Jiahui will send poems to relatives and leave poems to blame. As for the defected country, Han concubine resigned from the palace. Or the bones are horizontal, or the soul is chasing the ceiling. Or negative ge wai garrison, kill the public side. When the guest's clothes are stuffed, the widow's tears will flow out. Or a scholar goes out to the DPRK and never returns. It is good for a woman to have a young moth, and then she looks forward to dumping her country. How can all kinds of responses, the soul of feeling, and non-Chen poems show their meaning? Why not Long song? Therefore, as the saying goes, "Poetry can be resentful." It is nothing more than poetry to let the poor live a comfortable life and make seclusion boring.
So poets and writers don't like it. Nowadays, the customs of scholars are surging. In order to win clothes, you will be willing to go to primary school. So there is a mix, and everyone is different. Being a rich boy is ashamed of his lack of knowledge, and he always embellishes and sighs at night. A single view is called landscape strategy, and many people (the people they see) will eventually be flat and stiff. Second, there are frivolous people who laugh at Cao He, who are called the masters of Emperor Bao Zhao, and Xie Tiao is unique in modern times. Teacher Bao Zhao is not as good as "Japan and China are full"; Learning from Xie Tiao is not as good as "yellowbird flowers and green branches". I give up on myself to listen, which has nothing to do with the flow of literature.
People who look at princes and nobles don't use poetry as an excuse after every discussion. With its lust, business differences, mixed words, Zhu and his son compete and compete. Liu, near Pengcheng, is a very admirable person. He is confused and wants to be a contemporary poet. His article was unsuccessful, but he felt it.
In the past, nine people were sentenced and seven people were sentenced. The school was clean and honest, and it was not worth it. If poetry is a skill, you can know it. By analogy, it is almost a game. Today's Emperor Fang is intelligent, gloomy and thoughtful, and likes to study heaven and man. I was the first person to travel to your country. This situation has been going on for eight years and it is very popular. Those who hold jade are on a par, and those who hold Zhu are martial. Bird's-eye view of Han and Wei dynasties, swallowing gold and song in the chest. Dare to say non-agricultural songs, dare to say goodbye. China's record today, the ordinary world in the world, is in the ear of laughter.
In the product, the order is slightly changed, and the advantages and disadvantages are not interpreted. The other person is in the past, his words are certain, and the fable is present, but it is not recorded.
It's not the words, it's the generalities. If it is a national name, it should be funded by Bo Gu. Writing an article refuting virtue should be from bad to strong. As far as talking about family ties is concerned, why is it expensive to use things? "Thinking of a gentleman is like running water", that is, eyes. "Gaotai has more Hengtai" is also a must. There is no reason to "go to the dragon head in the morning" "The bright moon shines on the snow", which period of history is it about? Throughout the ancient and modern times, most of them are true, and they are all straight.
Yan Yan, Xie Zhuang, especially dense, in time. So in Daming and Taishi, almost all articles were copied from books. Close to Ren Fang, Wang Yuan and other places. Words are not expensive and strange, and strive for new things. Come to the author, sleeping becomes a custom. So there are no empty words, and there are no empty words. I've made it up and written a lot. But the English will of nature is hard to find. If a word loses its height, it should be added with meaning. Although he is a genius and knowledgeable, he is also reasonable.
Lu Ji's "Wen Fu" is universal without derogatory meaning; Li Chong's Hanlin is sparse but not cut; Wang Wei's "Hongbao" is impenetrable; Yan Yan's "thesis" is very good, but it is difficult to understand; Zhiyu's Wen Zhi is very informative and knowledgeable. I have seen several schools, all of which are about style, without showing advantages or disadvantages. As for Xie Ke's poems, I can take them whenever I want. Zhang Zhi's The Scholars, each of which is a book. Zhu Ying's record, meaning in the text, has a different taste.
China recorded only five words today. Although, there are almost all collections of words and articles in the ancient and modern times. Light desire to distinguish turbidity, (strange hands) help the sick, every 120 people. People who predict this trend are called gifted scholars. Please let us know whether the three products are up and down, and the price difference is not customized.
In the past, Cao and Liu were the saints of the literary chapter, while Lu and Xie were the talents. Sharp and meticulous textual research, for thousands of years, is not a debate between palace merchants and four voices. Or is it true that Qianda accidentally disappeared?
Try to say that in ancient times, poetry was praised by the golden bamboo. So there is no harmony if the five tones are not harmonious. For example, "wine goes to the top of the hall" and "the moon shines on tall buildings" is the first rhyme. Therefore, the words and characters of Sanzu may not work, but they rhyme into singing, which emphasizes the significance of phonology. The words of the world are different from those of the palace merchants. Today, it is neither orchestral nor musical.
Wang Yuanyou, an elder, once said that Yu Yun: "Palace merchants are born with two devices, which poets have never known since ancient times. Yan Fairy is the only one with melodious tone, which is actually a big fallacy. Only Ye Fan and Xie Zhuang are quite knowledgeable. It is not enough to taste the theory of bosom friends. "Wang Yuan is a leader, Xie Tiao and Shen Yue are pioneers. Three sages or grandchildren, young people have arguments. Therefore, scholars are admired and workers are refined. Fine products, dedicated to tombs. Therefore, it makes words more taboo and hurts its beauty. I said that the writing system should be ironic and not hinder, but it is enough to be clear and clear, and the tone is enough. At the level, if you want to go and enter, then the rest of the disease will fail; The waist of the bee and the knee of the crane are in place.
Send gifts to my younger brother, Zhong Mourn, miss friends on business, chant Ruan Ji, love her, Shu Ye is in love with her, Mao Xian is cold, wearing only clothes, An Ren is tired of summer, Jingyang is bitter, ghosts and gods are in China, antique, stone chaos, Jingchun chanting immortals, Wang Wei romantic, Xie Kechun, Shu Yuan leaving, and Taichong chanting history. The so-called pearl chapter is Deng Lin's literary talent.
Translation of the Preface of Poetry
The climate changes the scenery and the scenery touches people's hearts, so people's temperament swings, which is manifested in dancing and singing. It shines on the sky, the earth and people, making everything look bright and beautiful. God in heaven accepts sacrifices according to it, and the spirit of the underworld prays according to it. Nothing can touch the spirit of heaven and earth more than poetry. In the past, the lyrics of Nanfeng Song and the eulogy of Qingyun Song had far-reaching significance. The Song of the Five Sons in Xia Dynasty said, "I am disappointed, my heart", and the ballad Lisao in Chu said, "Give me a name called Regular". Although the system of poetry is not completely ready, it is the beginning of a five-character poem. In the Han Dynasty, Li Ling began to create the style of five-character poems. The era of ancient poetry is far and far away, and it is difficult for poets and times to study it carefully. Inferring its style, originally produced in the Western Han Dynasty, was not the first thing when the Zhou Dynasty was weak. Since Wang Bo, Mei Cheng, a group of people have been competing with Ci and Fu, but poetry has never existed. From Li Ling to Ban Jieyu, there was only one woman writer (Ban Jieyu) and only one poet (Li Ling) in about one hundred years. The atmosphere of the poet (writing poetry) suddenly disappeared. In the two hundred years of the Eastern Han Dynasty, only Ban Gu's Poem "Ode to History" was simple and had no literary talent.
Down to the Jian 'an era, Cao Cao and Cao Pi loved writing very much. Cao Zhi and Cao Biao brothers rose to become the pillars of the literary world; Serina Liu and RoyceWong became their wings. The second place is to climb the dragon and attach the phoenix, and do it by yourself, with a hundred as the unit. The prosperity of literature and quality was very complete at that time. Then it gradually declined until the Jin Dynasty. In Taikang, there are Zhang Zai, Zhang Xie, Zhang Kang, Lu Ji, Lu Yun, Pan Yue, Penny and Zuo Si, all of which are suddenly revived (the prosperous time of Jian 'an), following in the footsteps of the previous kings, and (the literary world of Jian 'an) has not yet completed its romance, which is also the revival of poetry. During Yongjia period, he attached great importance to the theories of Huangdi and Laozi, and slightly advocated stating them clearly. Poetry and prose (narration) in this period surpassed that of Hyunri, which was plain and tasteless. After the Eastern Jin Dynasty crossed the river to the south, the influence of "Hyunri ethos" was still slightly rippling. The poems of Sun Chuo, Xu Xun, Constant Temperature and Yu Liang are all as dull as On Virtue, and the style of Jian 'an literature is gone. Before that, Guo Pu used (his) elegance to change and innovate the style of poetry. Liu Kun relies on (his) fresh and vigorous momentum to help realize the aesthetic feeling of poetry. However, many of them (according to Sun Chuo, Xu Xun, Heng and Yu), but few of us (according to Guo Pu and Liu Kun), we have not been able to change the secular style of writing. In central Yixi, Xie Hun continued to write brilliantly. Among Yuan Jia in Liu and Song Dynasties, there was a Xie Lingyun, who was noble in literary talent and rich in rhetoric. His works are colorful and difficult to trace back. In fact, they have included and surpassed Liu Kun and Guo Pu, and overwhelmed Pan Yue and Zuo Si. So I know that Chen Caozhi is the hero of Jian 'an literature, and Serina Liu and RoyceWong are assistants. Lu Ji is the elite of Taikang literature, supplemented by Pan Yue and Zhang Xie. Xie Lingyun is a great talent in Yuanjia literature, and Yan Yanzhi is an assistant: these are the first authors of five-character poems and world-famous poets.
Four-character poems have fewer words and more meanings. If we imitate Guo Feng and Li Sao, we can imitate the general idea. (but poets) often suffer from too many words and too few meanings, so the world seldom learns them. Five-character poetry occupies an important position in the poetic style, and it is the most tasteful of many poems, so it is very suitable for the tastes of secular people. Isn't it because (it) refers to telling the truth, shaping images, expressing emotions and describing things in the most detailed and appropriate way? Therefore, there are three ways to express poetry: one is "Xing", the other is "Bi" and the third is "Fu". The words have passed, and there are more meanings, that is, "xing"; Comparing emotions with things is "comparison"; To express one's mind directly and between the lines is Fu. Expand these three expressions, adopt them cautiously, strengthen them with the strength of personality, and embellish them with literary grace, so that those who experience them will have endless aftertaste and those who listen will be tempted. This is the highest realm in poetry. If metaphor is used exclusively, the disadvantage is that the intention is too deep and the language will be sluggish. If we use a special method, the disadvantage is that the intention is superficial, the text is loose, and (even) the play makes (the meaning of the text) drift, so the text has no home and is dragged down by chaos.
As for the spring breeze, spring birds, autumn moon, Qiu Chan, Xia Yun, summer rain, winter moon and severe cold, these are the seasonal climate of the four seasons in the poem. Good gathering and sending poems to express feelings, leaving the group depends on poems to express grievances. As for the courtiers of Chu leaving the capital, the concubines of the Han Dynasty bid farewell to the imperial court, and some bones crossed the wilderness of northern Chen, chasing Artemisia; Some go out to guard with spears, and the atmosphere of fighting rises from the edge; The border guards are thin, and the widow is full of tears; Some literati took off their seals, resigned from the DPRK, and forgot to come back as soon as they left; Women hold their heads high, enter the palace to be favored, and then look around (beautiful and moving) and fall in love with this country: these (scenes) have touched the soul, and what can be used to stretch its friendship without poetry? Without a long song, what can you use to express your feelings? So (Confucius) said: "Poetry can (make people) fit in, and it can (express) resentment." Let the poor people feel at ease, and those who live in seclusion are not depressed. There is nothing better than poetry. So there is no poet or writer who doesn't like (writing poems). Nowadays, literati are vulgar, and this trend is fierce. As soon as I can stand and wear adult clothes, I will learn to write, and (and) I will definitely be willing to write poems. Therefore, the mediocre voice and messy genre ("Poetry"), (but) everyone thinks his appearance is pleasing. As a result, those rich children whose writing style is not as good as people's, day and night polishing words, reciting words, one person looks at them, thinks they are exquisite, and everyone looks at them, and finally becomes unremarkable. Secondly, there are frivolous people who laugh at Cao Zhi and Liu Zhen's poems about old fellow like me, saying that Bao Zhao was above the Fuxi era (the style of poetry is high and ancient) and Xie Shu is unparalleled in the present and the present (his poems are outstanding through the ages). However, following the example of Bao Zhao is not as good as "the Japanese-Chinese market is full"; Learn from Xie Shu, and (only) be poor at learning "the yellowbird is behind the green branch". Abandoned by Gao Ming in vain, it has nothing to do with first-class literati.
Observing princes and princes, we often talk extensively about theories, but we don't use poetry as a form of conversation, and discuss different opinions with their hobbies. For example, purple water and green water are mixed together, like purple and red, and various viewpoints argue with each other and cannot be distinguished by correct standards. Recently, Liu Hui, a native of Pengcheng, is a brilliant poetry connoisseur. He hates the chaos in the field of poetry and wants to be a contemporary poem. He has commented (on many poems). His work is not finished yet, but (even so) he made it with emotion. In the past, Ban Gu's evaluation of people was divided into nine grades, while Liu Xin's evaluation of scholars and authors was divided into seven views. It is really inappropriate to study facts by name. As for the skill of writing poetry, it is obviously well known. Inferring by category is probably the same as commenting on the outcome of a gambling game (so that you can understand). Today's emperors are endowed with extraordinary talents and have experienced rich and profound literary thoughts. Their words are as bright as the sun and the moon, and their knowledge can explore the relationship between nature and the world. Once upon a time, he made friends with aristocratic children. He was a competent leader. What's more, (now) it has occupied all directions in the room, and the responders in the world seem to come from the wind, come from the clouds, and embrace the talents of pearls and jade. It's not a farmer's ballad, a driver's argument, and you dare to comment. What I am recording now is almost talking in the alley, which is tantamount to talking and laughing.
In the products, they are roughly arranged according to the times, and comments and explanations are not made in the order of advantages and disadvantages. And that man has passed away, and his poem can be decided. The current evaluation does not record the living. Conjunctions and parallel facts are just for ordinary conversation. As for the documents of planning state affairs, it is necessary to rely on a large number of references to ancient things (to make them elegant and solemn); When describing the refutation of virtue, try to quote past achievements. As for poetry to express temperament, why should we pay attention to the use of allusions? "Thinking of you like running water" means thinking of what you see in front of you; "There are many haters on the high platform" is just a kind of appreciation; "Go to Longshou in the morning" has no allusion; "The bright moon shines on the snow", is it from classics and historical records? Observing ancient and modern famous sentences, most of them are not pieced together under the guise of old sayings, but written directly. Yan Yanzhi and Xie Zhuang's poems are rich in allusions, which were influenced by them at that time. So (Liu Song) between Daming and Taishi, writing poems is almost the same as copying books. Recently, Ren Fang, Wang Rong and others. Don't pay attention to the strangeness of the language, but (just) try to use allusions that no one has ever used. Since then, the author has gradually formed a habit that there are no words without allusions in the sentence, and there are no words without allusions in the words, which is very harmful to poetry. However, poetry is naturally not carved, and it is rare to meet such people. Since language has lost its luster, it will only increase allusions. Although I lost my genius, it is also a reason to show my knowledge.
Lu Ji's "Wen Fu" is neither favorable nor derogatory, and approachable; Li Chong's On Hanlin is rough and not practical. Wang Wei's Hongbao is meticulous without judgment; Yan Yanzhi's paper is very thin and difficult to read; Zhiyu's Annals of Articles is detailed, extensive and rich, which can be said to be the words of bosom friends. Looking at these works, they all talk about the poetic genre, without showing the advantages and disadvantages. As for Xie Lingyun's poetry collection, there are always poems included; Zhang Wei's Biography of Literati was written by an article he met. Your handsome books are all intentionally included, and they have never been rated separately. What I record now is limited to five-character poems. Even so, most of the works, including ancient and modern authors, have been collected, and there are 120 people who rashly want to distinguish the clear from the turbid and point out the advantages and disadvantages. People included in this genre (by, they mean people included in poetry) are called gifted scholars. As for the ups and downs of these three products, there is generally no conclusion. If you want to judge the future changes, please entrust them to people who understand poetry.
Once upon a time, Cao Zhi and Liu were really sages in the article. Lu Ji and Xie Lingyun learned to imitate the talents of the former two, and made a detailed and profound study of them. For thousands of years, they have never heard of the distinction of tones and the discussion of four tones. Some people say that the seniors (just) accidentally didn't see it. Is that so? Try to say that in ancient times, all poems or mourning poems were accompanied by music, so there is no way to reconcile them without adjusting the five tones of Gong, Shang, Jiao, Zheng and Lu. Like "wine on a high hall" and "the moon shines on a tall building", it is the best rhythm. Therefore, some lyrics of the "Three Ancestors" (Cao Cao, Cao Pi, Cao Rui and Wei Mingdi) are not well written, but the rhythm can be sung, that is, they pay attention to phonology, which is different from the tone spoken by the world. Poetry doesn't deserve music now, so why use tones? Wang Rong of the Qi Dynasty once said to me, "Sound is born with heaven and earth, and poets have never understood it since ancient times. Only Yan Yanzhi talked about the harmony of rhythm and tone, but his statement was all wet. Only Ye Fan and Xie Zhuang know it clearly. I have written "Peer Theory" before, but I haven't finished it. " Wang Rong was the first person to create it, and Xie Mao and Shen Yue contributed to it. Three of them are descendants of nobles, and they have the ability to argue in writing when they are young. Therefore, the scribes admire (them), strive to be precise, complex and subtle, concentrate on one thing, compete for novelty and beauty, make language more restrained and taboo, and hurt its truth and beauty. I said that the poetry system should be memorized long ago and should not stagnate. As long as the tone is clear, smooth and harmonious. As for equal access, I won't suffer; As for the problem of bee waist and crane knee, the alley (ballad) has been avoided.
Serina Liu's Poem of Xu Gan, Ruan Ji's Poem of Love, Su Wu's Farewell to Liling, and Ji Kang's Poem of Seven Wounds. Xie Lingyun has poems about Wang Wei Nakano Collection, Lu Ji has poems about ancient poems, Liu Kun has poems about feeling chaos, Guo Pu has poems about wandering immortals, Wang Wei has poems about romantic moon, Xie Lingyun has poems about mountain springs and leaves the table. Therefore, it is "Zhu Ze" in poetry and "Deng Lin" in literary talent.